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The Dynamic Network Experiment 2018 (DNE18) was a virtual experiment designed to quantitatively assess current capabilities for multi-modal data ingestion and processing for nucle…

We developed a space-time model to project seasonal streamflow extremes on a river network for at several lead times. In this, the extremes – 3-day maximum streamflow - at each ga…

Land cover changes (LCC) show biophysical effect on regional climate because they modify the land surface albedo, evapotranspiration, and surface roughness. Many previous studies …

This study separates the dry and wet components of the moist isentropic mass circulation (MIMC) on daily timescale and investigates their relationships with extratropical surface …

The literature, Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the USA Climate Change Science Program suggest that aerosols can affect the large-scale atmospheric circulati…

We develop a generalized interpolation material point method (GIMPM) for the shallow shelf approximation (SSA) of ice flow. The GIMPM, which can be viewed as a particle version of…

Indian Summer and Winter monsoon winds are major drivers of the mixed layer processes in the Arabian Sea. Our study shows that the Arabian Sea ‘traps’ the Indian Summer Monsoon (I…

The performance of present operational global forecast system (GFS) at T1534 (~12.5 km) horizontal resolution with modified fractional cloud condensate to precipitation conversion…

Seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTFs) are well adapted to seasonal and interannual rainfall variability and have mechanisms to control growth dynamics under water limitation. Th…

Soil moisture is an essential metric to understand crop condition throughout the growing season. Collecting soil moisture data by field observation is time-consuming and labor-int…

Raindrop size distribution (DSD) measurements were taken with an onboard OTT Particle Size Velocity (Parsivel) disdrometer over the western Pacific during a marine survey from Jun…

IODP Hole U1502B penetrates >180 m into the crystalline basement generated at a rifting margin of the South China Sea (SCS), which is the first confirmed intermediate-type margin …

Reusing produced water for hydraulic fracturing simultaneously satisfies challenges of fresh water sourcing and the design/operation of an extensive disposal well infrastructure. …

Since the ’60s of the last century, the calculation of the magnetic anomaly caused by 2D uniformly-polarized bodies with polygonal cross-section was mainly performed using the pop…

The Spring Festival is the most important holiday in China, human activity and population mobility may contribute greatly to air quality, especially in the megacities. According t…

Monitoring stress state in the Earth’s crust plays a crucial role in our understanding of an earthquake’s mechanism, especially how earthquake ruptures nucleate, as well as in cal…

We present a new approach for the analysis of high-resolution digital camera photographs taken by photographers who have fortuitously been able to capture rare events such as the …

Aqueous fluids are one of the principal agents of chemical transport in Earth´s interior. The precise determination of fluid fractions is essential to understand bulk physical pro…

Despite having offered important hydroclimatic insights, streamflow reconstructions still see limited use in water resources operations, because annual reconstructions are not sui…

Existing global FT records, derived from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP), the Advanced Scanning Microwave Radiometer (AMSR), and the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I…

Ocean current observations from different seasons of 15 years of vessel-mounted Doppler Current Profiler, merely from the PIRATA program, and drifters-derived near-surface current…

Mesoscale organization of convection is typically not represented in global circulation models, and hence its influence on the global circulation is not accounted for. A parameter…

Benthic oxygen fluxes consist of advective and diffusive terms. Both terms in the south-eastern North Sea exhibit a prominent annual cycle but with opposite variation patterns. To…

Machine learning techniques have proven useful at predicting many variables of hydrologic interest, and often out-perform traditional models for univariate predictions. However, d…

Mentorship experience can be transformational for college and graduate students as they learn how to talk about their science field, articulate their work, learn how to listen, an…

The forward peaking radiation pattern of a single particle with an increasing particle velocity is well-established knowledge. Further details of a single particle radiation patte…

Absorption of sunlight forms a diurnal warm layer (DWL) in the afternoon at the surface and upper meters of the ocean when wind is weak. Analyses using models and remote sensing d…

A high proportion of non-crystalline (X-ray-amorphous) components has been found in all samples analyzed by CheMin on the Curiosity rover at Gale crater on Mars, and such X-ray-am…

Radars detect plasma trails created by the billions of small meteors that impact the Earth’s atmosphere daily, returning data used to infer characteristics of the meteoroid popula…

[ The analyses of sediment cores retrieved near Port Blair (South Andaman) revealed alternate bands of out-of-sequence layers at various depths identified by their sediment charac…

Space instruments rely heavily on modeling to predict and understand the instrument response, enabling a determination of the capabilities and resolution. The Bayesian approach pr…

This study aims at understanding the impact of low-frequency climate modes on Rossby Wave Packets (RWPs) during the southern hemisphere summer. In particular, we focus on long-liv…

There are different numerical models, such as the transmission-line matrix model or partially uniform knee model used to predict Schumann radiation. This report introduces a new m…

Martian meteorites are the only direct samples from Mars, thus far. Currently, there are a total of 262 individual samples originating from at least 11 ejection events. Geochemica…

To advance the understanding of the tectonic processes shaping the African continent, we construct the first continental-scale shear-wave velocity (Vs) model of the crust and uppe…

The slot region between the radiation belts in the magnetosphere is considered to be stable and safe for satellite missions, but strong disturbances during space weather events ca…

The coupling of CO2 emissions and tectonic activity in active plate margins is becoming increasingly prominent, as remote sensing techniques make this relationship readily observa…

4 Key Points: 5 • The SST contrast increases with warming, primarily because the clear-sky green-6 house effect feedback is stronger in the warm region. 7 • As the climate warms, …

Tropical rivers constitute a major portion of the global aquatic C flux entering the ocean, and the Rio Negro is one of the largest single C exporters with a particularly high exp…

We present evidence that suggests a new risk scenario for the Valdivia basin in south Chile, located in the area of the magnitude 9.5 1960 earthquake. In 1960, three mass movement…

Flux transfer events are transient magnetized plasma structures that are self-balancing, rope-like phenomena that can appear at the Earth's magnetopause when the interplanetary ma…

Estimating parameters for distributed hydrological models is a challenging and long studied task. Parameter transfer functions, which define model parameters as functions of geo-p…

The marine gravity field derived from satellite-altimetry is generally biased, in coastal areas, by signals back-scattered from the nearby land. As a result, the derived gravity a…

The West Florida Shelf (WFS) is an extremely important area for both commercial and recreational fisheries. However, the lack of habitat maps in this area makes planning fisheries…

There is large uncertainty in the future sea level change at regional scales under anthropogenic global warming. This study uses a novel design of ocean-only general circulation m…

Three new equilibrium Mid-Pliocene (MP) simulations are implemented with the Community Climate System Model version 4 (CCSM4), Community Earth System Model version 1.2 (CESM1.2), …

We use global coupled atmosphere-ocean-biogeochemistry models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), under the RCP8.5 scenario, to show that the global interannua…

Low soil temperature stress is a critical factor affecting the root water uptake (RWU) rate of plants. In current land surface models, the RWU amount is determined by the soil wat…

The absorption strength of hydroxyl radicals and hydroxyl groups are all 2.9μm, so it is easy to confuse hydroxyl radicals and hydroxyl groups when interpreting M3 spectra data. I…

Atmospheric concentrations of CH4 have tripled since the Industrial Revolution. One culprit of this increase is animal agriculture, contributing 8 to 10% of global greenhouse gas …