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Showing 1051 to 1100 of 8313 works
The Proton-Alpha Instability as a Source of Ion Heating at Earth's Bow Shock
Electrostatic waves are frequently observed at collisionless shocks and are believed to play a key role in energy dissipation. Recent spacecraft observations have identified a pro…
Extraterrestrial Chemical Boundary Conditions and Evolutionary Opportunity Space on Early Earth
Extraterrestrial material has usually been treated as delivered cargo: amino acids, nucleobases, organics, brines, or biological vectors. A boundary-condition approach asks a diff…
THE SABNE FRAMEWORK v33.0 (ADVANCED FUSION EDITION): A UNIFIED DYNAMICAL MODEL OF DUAL TRANS-NEPTUNIAN PERTURBERS: PLAN…
This paper establishes a definitive mathematical framework evaluating the secular dynamics, long-term orbital trajectories, and gravitational signatures of two distinct trans-Nept…
Cloud Thermodynamic Phase Retrievals from Simultaneous Shortwave Infrared Multi-Angle Polarization Measurements
Accurate identification of cloud thermodynamic phases -warm water, supercooled water and ice – is essential for the global energy budget and hydrological cycle, and serves as a cr…
DeepOT: A Deep Learning Framework for Pixel-Level Ground Surface Displacement Estimation from SAR Amplitude Imagery
Monitoring ground surface displacement is critical for understanding geophysical processes and mitigating natural hazards, yet conventional Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) techniqu…
Study of Positive Lightning Discharges in WWLLN Data Using Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Wave Measurements
An automatic procedure for identification of VLF detected lightning discharges in ELF measurements is presented to enable large scale analysis of global lightning and ELF propagat…
Artificial flooding leads to thicker and brighter Arctic sea ice
We describe a fieldwork campaign designed to assess whether artificial flooding results in thicker Arctic sea ice. The campaign was conducted in Cambridge Bay, Nunavut, Canada, ov…
Identifying the environmental drivers of spatial variability in zooplankton community grazing dynamics
Biogeochemical models used to estimate carbon export fluxes are highly sensitive to their parameterisation of zooplankton grazing dynamics. Zooplankton grazing dynamics have been …
Influence of Stratosphere Polar Vortex Variability on the Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Ionosphere
The Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere-ionosphere eXtension (WACCM-X) is used to investigate the influence of stratosphere polar vortex variability on the …
Beach slopes from satellite-derived shorelines
The steepness of the beach face is a fundamental parameter for coastal morphodynamic research. Despite its importance, it remains extremely difficult to obtain reliable estimates …
Beach slopes from satellite-derived shorelines
The steepness of the beach face is a fundamental parameter for coastal morphodynamic research. Despite its importance, it remains extremely difficult to obtain reliable estimates …
Managed sheep grazing can improve soil quality and carbon sequestration at solar photovoltaic sites
Solar energy development is land intensive and recent studies have demonstrated the negative impacts of large-scale solar deployment on vegetation and soil. Co-locating vegetation…
The DOE E3SM Model Version 2: Overview of the physical model
This work documents version two of the Department of Energy’s Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM). E3SM version 2 (E3SMv2) is a significant evolution from its predecessor E3…
Future Global and Regional Human Exposure to Tropical Night Heat Events
Extreme heat events are one of the most dangerous climate hazards and they are projected to increase in frequency, intensity and duration as this century progresses. Change in fut…
Representation of river channels in large scale flood inundation models
Flood inundation modelling across large data sparse areas has been increasing in recent years, driven by a desire to provide hazard information for a wider range of locations. The…
Venus' Mass Spectra Show Signs of Disequilibria in the Middle Clouds
We present a re-examination of mass spectral data obtained from the Pioneer Venus Large Probe Neutral Mass Spectrometer. Our interpretations of differing trace chemical species ar…
Mapping altimetry in the forthcoming SWOT era by back-and-forth nudging a one-layer quasi-geostrophic model
During the past 25 years, altimetric observations of the ocean surface from space have been mapped to provide two dimensional sea surface height (SSH) fields which are crucial for…
Effects of Atmosphere–Ocean–Wave Coupling on Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer Winds and Precipitation During a U.S. No…
We examined the impacts of coupling the atmosphere to fully dynamical ocean and wave 19 models by representing a February 2024 nor’easter along the U.S. East Coast. While fully 20…
The Thermodynamic Forcing of ENSO: Linking Hemispheric Warming Asymmetry to Anthropogenic Waste Heat
Hemispheric warming asymmetry is believed to contribute to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and associated climatic extremes. However, the causes of this asymmetry remain a…
A Review of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and Phase-Based Techniques for Monitoring Seasonal Snow
Radar phase-based techniques for measuring snow water equivalent (SWE) and snow depth, such as Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), have advanced substantially over t…
Regional Index Insurance using Satellite-based Fractional Flooded Area
Emerging parametric insurance products targeted at regional governments consider an index of flooding as the instrument for payoff and rate setting. Inundation extent from satelli…
Numerical Simulation of Magma Pathways and Vent Distribution in Rifts From the Early Stages to Maturity
Volcanism in continental rifts is generally observed to shift over time from the inside of the basin to its flanks and conversely, but the controls on these switches are still unc…
Hunga-Tonga Games: Unravelling the Timing and Size of the Biggest Volcanic Explosion in 30 Years
We attempt to construct a timeline of The Hunga Tonga – Hunga Ha’apai eruption on 15 January 2022 through analyses of seismic, barometric, infrasonic, lightning, and satellite dat…
Machine Learning Algorithms for Spacecraft Magnetic Field Interference Cancellation: Enabling Satellite Magnetometry wi…
This paper presents a novel approach and algorithm to the problem of magnetic field interference cancellation of time-varying interference using distributed magnetometers and spac…
Deep learning for geophysics: Current and future trends
Recently, a new data-driven technique, i.e., deep learning (DL), has attracted significantly increasing attention in the geophysical community. The collision of DL and traditional…
Trapped Lee-Wave Resonance Determines Antarctic Megadune Wavelength
Snow megadunes cover 5×105 km2 of the East Antarctic plateau, biasing surface mass balance estimates and overprinting ice-core signals—yet their 2–5 km wavelength has lacked a qua…
Can a glacier protect itself? Viewing sikkusak (ice mélange) and deep-keeled icebergs as a heat sink
Large concentrations of icebergs within fjords modify the seawater that reaches the calving faces of glaciers. Traditionally, iceberg distributions are modeled using a power law, …
Distributed acoustic sensing beyond optical repeaters offshore Central Oregon: a community dataset for a transformative…
Seafloor fiber optic cables could close major observational gaps in ocean basins. A new multi-span distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technique permits strain rate measurements at…
Distinct distribution patterns of dissolved and particulate trace metals in surface waters of the Amundsen Sea: From po…
Trace metals regulate Southern Ocean productivity, but their cycling across Antarctic marginal-sea gradients remains poorly constrained. We measured dissolved, labile particulate,…
Hurricanes along the Southeast Atlantic Coast build marsh resiliency through mineral sedimentation
Salt marshes worldwide are threatened by sea-level rise, and their survival is linked to production of belowground biomass and mineral sediment deposition. While hurricanes can po…
Aerial and Space-borne Seismology on Venus: Viability and Design Implications for Future Missions
Venus' evolution remains a mystery because of the lack of in-situ geophysical data to constrain its interior structure. Recently-selected planetary missions VERITAS (NASA), DAVINC…
“Fires of Unusual Size: Future of Extreme and Emerging Wildfires in a Warming United States (2020-2060)”
Observed increases in wildfire activity across the contiguous United States, which have occurred amid a warming climate and expanding residential footprint within flammable landsc…
Biome-specific radiative forcing coefficients reveal ecosystems as active climate regulators
Global Climate Models apply uniform greenhouse gas forcing across all biomes, yet ecosystems partition incoming radiation in fundamentally different ways. We define a non-uniform …
Earth-positive futures: adaptive steering of trajectories for Earth-system functions at the wicked intermediate scale
Translating global commitments to protect and restore nature into context-specific action remains difficult. Earth-system functions, including carbon storage, erosion regulation a…
Earth Flywheel Theory: How Solid Earth Rotational Inertia Drives Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation Through Topographi…
The solid Earth behaves as a rotational flywheel: its massive moment of inertia (I3 = 8.04 × 1037 kg m2) amplifies fractional rotation-rate anomalies into vast mechanical torques …
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