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Showing 10201 to 10250 of 22070 works
Regional moment tensor inversion using rotational observations
There are potential benefits from the addition of 3-C rotational motions to traditional 3-C translational displacements for moment tensor (MT) inversions. The rotational radiation…
The influence of the correlation-covariance structure of measurement errors over uncertainties propagation in online mo…
This paper presents a methodology to assess the influence of the correlation-covariance structure of measurement errors in online monitoring over the propagation of uncertainties,…
Dual-lobe reconnection and horse-collar auroras
We propose a mechanism for the formation of the horse-collar auroral configuration during periods of strongly northwards interplanetary magnetic field, invoking the action of dual…
High potentials of water and land efficiency in agricultural production and trade for rich food supply by Central Asia
Besides posing soaring pressure on water and land resources, the ever-intensifying agricultural production redistributes these pressures trough increasingly intensive trade. Envir…
Process-based climate model development harnessing machine learning: II. model calibration from single column to global
We demonstrate a new approach for climate model tuning in a realistic situation. Our approach, described in detail in Part I, systematically uses a single-column configuration of …
Vertical Land Motion from present-day deglaciation in the wider Arctic
Vertical land motion (VLM) from past and ongoing glacial changes can amplify or mitigate ongoing relative sea level change. We present a high resolution VLM-model for the wider Ar…
On the variability of total electron content over Europe during the 2009 and 2019 Northern Hemisphere SSWs
The nature of the variability of the Total Electron Content (TEC) over Europe is investigated during the 2009 and 2019 Northern Hemisphere (NH) SSW events in this study. As the TE…
Investigation of the Stress-induced Microcracking Processes in Crystalline Rocks through Simultaneous Acoustic Emission…
We performed laboratory-scale experiments on Barre granite specimen with a single pre-existing flaw to study the microscopic processes that occur during the deformation of a britt…
Lithospheric Control of Melt Generation Beneath the Rungwe Volcanic Province, East Africa
The Rungwe Volcanic Province (RVP) is a volcanic center in an anomalous region of magma-assisted rifting positioned within the magma-poor Western Branch of the East African Rift (…
Water films in hydrate-bearing sediments
At thermodynamic equilibrium, gas hydrates are arranged in the pore space of host sediments to minimize free energy, including the energy of interfaces. Through an analogy with fr…
Four-Dimensional paleomagnetic dataset: Late Neogene paleodirection and paleointensity results from the Erebus Volcanic…
A fundamental assumption in paleomagnetism is that a geocentric axial dipole (GAD) geomagnetic field structure extends to the ancient field. Global paleodirectional compilations t…
An Association of solar wind Energy Dynamics with polar Cap Potential and Field Aligned Current during Major Intense Ge…
Invasion of solar wind particles inside earth’s magnetosphere induces the distortion of geomagnetic setting of earth. This geomagnetic disturbances be a consequence of energy disc…
Nonlinear rheology control on the early lunar mantle cumulates overturn
The overturn of mantle cumulates following the crystallization of the lunar magma ocean – particularly the sinking of ilmenite-bearing cumulates (IBC) – provides an explanation fo…
Asymmetric Responses of the Western Tropical Pacific Sea Level to El Niño and La Niña
The western tropical Pacific (WTP) exhibits large interannual sea level anomalies (SLAs), and the sea level falling in El Niño is evidently stronger than the rising in La Niña. Th…
The gPhone-solar-cube: an energy self-sufficient mobile container for monitoring gravity and climate parameters at remo…
Throughout the last years, there is an increasing interest of the geoscientific community in using terrestrial gravimetry as an integrative and non-invasive method for observing m…
A Generalized Mixing Length Closure for Eddy-Diffusivity Mass-Flux Schemes of Turbulence and Convection
Because of their limited spatial resolution, numerical weather prediction and climate models have to rely on parameterizations to represent atmospheric turbulence and convection. …
Glacial and hydrothermal sources of dissolved iron(II) in Southern Ocean waters surrounding Heard and McDonald Islands
The Southern Ocean is the largest region in which iron limits the growth of phytoplankton. However, a phytoplankton bloom thousands of square kilometres in area forms each spring-…
The STONE curve: A ROC-derived model performance assessment tool
A new model validation and performance assessment tool is introduced, the sliding threshold of observation for numeric evaluation (STONE) curve. It is based on the relative operat…
Agile adaptive radar sampling of fast-evolving atmospheric phenomena guided by satellite imagery and surface cameras
The collection of high temporal resolution radar observations without compromising data quality requires adaptability and agility. So far, radar beam steering has been mostly guid…
Molecular distributions of diacids, oxoacids and -dicarbonyls in summer- and winter-time fine aerosols from Tianjin, N…
To understand the characteristics and sources of water-soluble organic aerosols (OA) in North China, we studied diacids, oxoacids and α-dicarbonyls in summer- and winter-time fine…
Identifying Land Subsidence Using Global Digital Elevation Models
Recent developments in space-based surveying methods of Earth’s topography, including the differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (DInSAR), increased the availability…
Energetic electron depletions in the nightside Martian upper atmosphere revisited
Energetic electron depletions are a notable feature of the nightside Martian upper atmosphere. In this study, we investigate systematically the variations of the occurrence of dep…
IDENTIFYING CANDIDATES FOR FREE-FLOATING ARTIFACTS IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM
One approach to a search for the artifacts within the Solar system is to look for the objects (e.g., probes, defunct or active) with anomalous orbits that are significantly differ…
Natural carbon release compensates for anthropogenic carbon uptake when Southern Hemispheric westerlies strengthen
The Southern Ocean (SO) provides the largest oceanic sink of carbon. Observational datasets highlight decadal-scale changes in SO CO2 uptake, but the processes leading to this dec…
Spatio-temporal changes of hydrochemical properties and factors controlling hydrochemistry of springs in the Seyfe Basin
The aim of this study is to determine the hydrochemical properties of water resources in the Seyfe Basin and to understand processes involving water chemistry using statistical te…
An Anisian Peripheral Foreland Basin in the Northern Yangtze Block, Implications for the Initial Collision Between the …
Middle to Upper Triassic marine carbonates and siliciclastic sedimentary rocks derived from the South Qinling orogenic belt and resting depositionally on rocks of the northern Yan…
Turbulent mixing in the Indonesian throughflow exit passages, the Lesser Sunda waters
Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates in the Indonesian throughflow (ITF) exit passages to the Indian Ocean, the Lesser Sunda waters, are inferred from archived CTD measureme…
High-precision Carrier Tracking Algorithm for extremely Weak and High-Dynamic Signal
Obtaining high-precision Doppler frequency for very weak signals in deep space exploration is challenging. A phase-locked loop (PLL) is a widely used high-precision Doppler freque…
Eastward-Propagating Planetary Waves Prior to Sudden Stratospheric Warmings
The sources and characteristics of the slow eastward-propagating planetary waves (EPWs) were investigated prior to the major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events, as observed…
High-resolution elastic thickness variation across Tharsis and Valles Marineris: Results from a space-domain convolutio…
We derived high-resolution spatial variation of elastic thickness ( Te ) and crustal thickness ( Tc ) models across the crustal dichotomy in and around the Tharsis-Valles Marineri…
Upper limit of proton anisotropy and its relation to EMIC waves in the inner magnetosphere
Proton anisotropy in velocity space has been generally accepted as a major parameter for exciting electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves. In this study, we estimate the proton…
Proterozoic basin evolution and tectonic geography of Madagascar during the Nuna/Columbia Supercontinent
Madagascar hosts several Paleoproterozoic sedimentary sequences that are key to unravelling the geodynamic evolution of past supercontinents on Earth. New detrital zircon U–Pb and…
Variable physical drivers of near-surface turbulence in a regulated river
Inland waters, such as lakes, reservoirs and rivers, are important sources of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. A key parameter that regulates the gas exchange between water and…
Mathematics Clouding Climate Sensitivity
Equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) is the global temperature change expected after doubling atmospheric CO2 concentration. This Commentary reviews how Sherwood et al. (2020) us…
Slope-aspect induced climate differences influence how water is exchanged between the land and atmosphere
High resolution air temperature, relative humidity, soil moisture, insolation, and sap velocity observations on 14 madrone trees spanning adjacent north and south slopes at the Un…
Hydraulic fracture visualization by processing ultrasonic transmission waveforms using unsupervised learning Α
Ultrasonic transmission is sensitive to the variation in mechanical properties of materials. Wave propagation through fractured media introduces changes in the frequency content, …
Restoring pre-industrial CO2 levels while achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Unless humanity achieves United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030 and restores the relatively stable climate of pre-industrial CO2 levels (as early as 2110), sp…
Eruptive intensity transitions from Plinian to effusive to caldera-forming: the 7.7 ka Cleetwood eruption of Mount Maza…
The 7.7 ka Cleetwood (Cltwd) eruption of Mount Mazama (Crater Lake, Oregon, USA) began with a Plinian phase emitting 0.5 km3 DRE of rhyodacitic pyroclastic fall material. Explosiv…
Evaluating Zr/Rb ratios from XRF scanning as an indicator of grain-size variations of glaciomarine sediments in the Sou…
The ln(Zr/Rb) count ratio derived from X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning holds potential as a high-resolution tracer for grain-size variations of glaciomarine sediments. To e…
A simple water clarity-turbidity index for marine and inland waters: Great Lakes case study
There are a plethora of satellite-derived water clarity and turbidity indicators to support the decision making of environmental managers and policy makers. However, water quality…
Testing Our Understanding of Short Period Mass Variation Processes with Future Earth Gravity Missions
A new mission called GRACE Follow-On is now flying to continue the measurements started by the GRACE mission, and to test a laser interferometry system for making more accurate me…
Detailed seismic bathymetry beneath Ekström Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Implications for glacial history and ice-ocean inter…
The shape of ice-shelf cavities are a major source of uncertainty in understanding ice-ocean interactions. This limits assessments of the response of the Antarctic ice sheets to c…
Pitch-angle scattering of inner magnetospheric electrons caused by ECH waves obtained with the Arase satellite
Electrostatic electron cyclotron harmonic (ECH) waves are generally excited in the magnetic equator region, in the midnight and the morning sectors during geomagnetically active c…
Identification and classification of archaeological materials from Bronze age gold mining site Ada Tepe (Bulgaria) usin…
Collection of materials from the most ancient open-pit gold mine in Europe has been investigated using mineral magnetic methods as part of the multi-disciplinary research of the s…
Temporal scale-dependent sensitivity analysis using discrete wavelet transform and active subspaces
Global sensitivity analysis of model parameters is an important step in the development of a hydrological model. If available, time series of different variables are used to incre…
Observing the Observers
Our ability to detect extraterrestrial life may be impeded by both: our level of technology and actively prevented by those we want to observe. To overcome this barrier we must be…
Soil Microbes Transform Inorganic Carbon into Organic Carbon by Dark Fixation Pathways in Desert Soil
Soil inorganic carbon (SIC) represents the main soil carbon pool in drylands with a high geologic residence time for carbon sequestration. Recent studies have shown that SIC is no…
Multiple, coeval silicic magma storage domains beneath the Laguna Del Maule volcanic field inferred from gravity invest…
The rhyolite-producing Laguna del Maule volcanic field (LdMVF) records magma-induced surface inflation rates of ~ 25 cm/year since 2007. During the Holocene, ~60 meters of cumulat…
NOx emissions reduction and rebound in China due to the COVID-19 crisis
During the COVID-19 lockdown (24 Jan to 20 March) in China low air pollution levels were reported in the media as a consequence of reduced economic and social activities. Quantifi…
Exploiting the Redundancy in ICESat-2 Geolocated Photon Data (ATL03), a Multiscale Data Reduction Approach
ICESat-2, the first photon counting satellite, maps the earth’s surface with unprecedented details and accuracy. However, the resulting photon clouds, distributed as the ATL-03 ge…
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