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Showing 9851 to 9900 of 22070 works
Orographic effect on extreme precipitation statistics peaks at hourly time scales
Orographic impact on extreme sub-daily precipitation is critical for risk management but remains insufficiently understood due to complicated atmosphere-orography interactions and…
Multistage tectonic evolution of the Tanlu fault: Insights from upper crustal azimuthal anisotropy of the Chao Lake seg…
The Tanlu fault is the largest strike-slip fault in eastern China. It has experienced multiple episodes of tectonic activity suggested mostly by near-surface geological analysis. …
Impact of roughness length on WRF simulated Land-Atmosphere interactions over a hyper-arid region
The aerodynamic roughness length is a crucial parameter that controls surface variables including the horizontal wind, surface temperature, and heat fluxes. Despite its importance…
Spatio-temporal variability of the carbonate system and air-sea CO2 fluxes in the South Yellow Sea and East China Sea d…
Due to the complex physical and biogeochemical conditions, the adjacent South Yellow Sea (SYS) and East China Sea (ECS) are ideal sites for studying different carbonate characteri…
Upper Mantle Seismic Velocity Estimates around the St. Paul Transform System, Equatorial Atlantic
The equatorial region of the slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge is characterized by several major transform faults, which are some of the longest on Earth. Among them, the St. Paul…
Vegetation influence on delta evolution and dynamics under varying water- and sediment-discharge conditions
The dynamics and evolution of deltas and their channel networks involve interactions between many factors, including water and sediment discharge and cohesion from fine sediment a…
Persistent link between Caribbean precipitation and Atlantic Ocean circulation during the Last Glacial revealed by a sp…
The high sensitivity of tropical hydro-climate to the mean position of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) at different time scales is well known. However, recent research s…
Effect of a thin weak layer at around the 660-km discontinuity on subducting slab morphology in the mantle transition z…
The subducting slab morphology in the mantle transition zone (MTZ) is strongly affected by the mantle viscosity and density variations at the 660-km discontinuity (D660). Besides …
The Responses of High Latitude Clouds and High and Mid-Latitude Surface Pressures to the Solar Wind Sector Structure.
The opacity of clouds at Alert, Canada have been shown by measurements of their infrared irradiances to change with the day-to-day solar wind input to the global atmospheric elect…
Imaging the Kanto Basin bedrock with noise and earthquake autocorrelations
Sedimentary basins can strongly amplify seismic waves from earthquakes. To better predict strong ground motions, thorough knowledge of sediment thickness and internal basin struct…
Atmospheric wind and temperature profiles inversion using infrasound: an ensemble model context
We present an inversion methodology where acoustic observations of infrasound waves are used to update an atmospheric model. We sought a flexible parameterization that permits to …
Earthquake rupture through a step-over fault system: An exploratory numerical study of the Leech River Fault, southern …
The Leech River fault (LRF) zone located on southern Vancouver Island is a major regional seismic source. We investigate potential interactions between earthquake ruptures on the …
The isotopic patterns and source apportionment of nitrate and ammonium in atmospheric aerosol
Atmospheric aerosol affects climate, ecology, visibility, and public health and has attracted widespread attention. The fraction of inorganic aerosols in the atmosphere is signifi…
Imaging VGOS observations and investigating source structure effects
The next-generation, broadband geodetic very-long-baseline interferometry system, named VGOS, is being developed globally with an aim to achieve 1~mm accuracy for station position…
Seismogenic Depth Variation across the Transtensional Northern Walker Lane
We calculate high-precision absolute and relative earthquake relocations to investigate the relationship between seismicity and major active faults, and to explore variation in se…
Generation of the Amundsen Sea Low by Antarctic orography
The Amundsen Sea Low (ASL) is a distinctive feature of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) high latitude atmospheric circulation, regulating regional Antarctic climate, meridional heat t…
Probabilistic Quantification of Tsunami Currents in Karachi Port, Makran Subduction Zone, using Statistical Emulation
In this paper, we model the full range of possible local impacts of future tsunamis in the Makran subduction zone (MSZ) at Karachi port, Pakistan. For the first time, the 3-D subd…
Small magnitude earthquake sequences and seismic swarms in the Northern Apennines (central Italy): new observations fro…
In this work we examine the seismicity of Montefeltro, a historical region of central Italy located between the northern Apennines and the Republic of San Marino towards the north…
Finite element modelling of inter-seismic deformation associated with Arabia-Eurasia plate convergence in western Lures…
The Zagros thrust belt formed due to the convergence between the Arabian and Eurasian plates during the closure of the Neo-Tethys Ocean. GPS measurements show that the northward r…
Observational evidence for the role of Hall conductance in Alfvén wave reflection
Electromagnetic energy carried by magnetohydrodynamic modes is an important mechanism in the energy transfer between the magnetosphere and the ionosphere. Through wave reflection …
A New Lake Classification System based on Thermal Profiles to Better Understand the Most Dominant Lake Type on Earth
Lakes are traditionally classified based on their thermal regime and trophic status. While this classification adequately captures many lakes, it is not sufficient to understand s…
Triggering of the 2012 Ahar-Varzaghan earthquake doublet (Mw6.5&6.3) by the Sahand Volcano and North Tabriz fault (…
Seismic history of the North Tabriz fault (NTF), the main active fault of Northwestern Iran near Tabriz city, and its relation to the Sahand active Volcano (SND), the second high …
Dynamics of episodic magma injection and migration at Yellowstone caldera: revisiting the 2004-2009 episode of caldera …
The 2004-2009 uplift episode is the largest recorded episode of unrest at Yellowstone caldera. We use GPS and InSAR time series spanning 2004-2015, with a focus in the aforementio…
Unveiling the magmatic plumbing system of Tatun volcano in northern Taiwan using joint inversion of local and teleseism…
The Tatun volcano group (TVG) proximate to the 7-million-population metropolis Taipei has long been a central concern in volcanic hazard in the Taiwan. While the TVG has been prev…
Different enrichment patterns of magnetic particles modulated by primary iron-phosphorous input
Magnetic particles associated with iron (Fe) oxides are widespread on the surface of Earth and Mars and serve as reasonable climatic indicators. Ferrimagnetic maghemite (Mgh) and …
Turbidity hysteresis in an estuary and tidal river following an extreme discharge event
Non-linear turbidity-discharge relationships are explored in the context of sediment sourcing and event-driven hysteresis using long-term (≥12 year) turbidity observations from th…
Strategies for equitable remote learning communities in graduate STEM classes
For many universities, the emergency transition to remote learning in March 2020 has evolved into full or partial remote teaching for the foreseeable future. Decades of research s…
Burying Earth's primitive mantle in the slab graveyard
The evolution of mantle composition can be viewed as process of destruction whereby the initial chemical state is overprinted and reworked with time. Analyses of ocean island basa…
Evaluating Model Physics in the Unified Forecast System (UFS) Medium-Range Weather Application
To support the development of the Global Forecast System (GFS) physics suite and identify opportunities for improving the model physics in the UFS, the Developmental Testbed Cente…
Enhanced climate response to ozone depletion from ozone-circulation coupling
The effect of stratospheric ozone depletion is simulated in GFDL AM4 model with three ozone schemes: prescribing monthly zonal mean ozone concentration, full interactive stratosph…
SKB Task Force GWFTS: Task 9 - Increasing the realism of solute transport modelling in fractured media
SKB and several other waste management organizations have established the international SKB Task Force on Modelling of Groundwater Flow and Transport of Solutes (TF GWFTS) to supp…
Making The Invisible Visible: How an artist can translate/transform scientific data into a comprehensible visual langua…
While Artistic techniques may help scientists visualize data and communicate results to their colleagues, I believe the Arts can play a more significant role in communicating scie…
Machine Learning Approaches in Lunar Mantle Heterogeneity Investigations
Lunar mare basalts are the products of their corresponding parent magma compositions, sourced from the lunar upper mantle. The lunar mantle has been repeatedly modeled through num…
Polytypism in semi-disordered lizardite and amesite by low-dose HAADF- STEM
Serpentine minerals exert important controls on the physical properties of ultramafic rocks and have the potential to influence deformation phenomena in fault zones and to control…
Using Remote Sensing Data-based Hydrological Model Calibrations for Predicting Runoff in Ungauged or Poorly Gauged Catc…
Because remote sensing (RS) data are spatially and temporally explicit and available across the globe, they have the potential to be used for predicting runoff in ungauged or poor…
Evolution model for the Absheron Mud Volcano: from stratified sediments to fluid mud generation
We propose a semi-quantitative model of the initiation and early evolution of a mud volcano. Basin modeling was calibrated against our previous seismic interpretation of the Abshe…
Transport upscaling in highly heterogeneous aquifers and the prediction of tracer dispersion at the Macrodispersion Exp…
We present an upscaled Lagrangian approach to predict the plume evolution in highly heterogeneous aquifers. The model is parameterized by transport independent characteristics suc…
Seasonal and diurnal variations of cloud systems over the East Tibetan Plateau and the East China: A Cloud-Resolving mo…
Seasonal and diurnal variations of the cloud are profoundly affected by the large-scale environment and the local topography. In this study, the one-year-long simulation was condu…
Rheological inheritance controls the formation of segmented rifted margins in cratonic lithosphere
Observations from rifted margins reveal that significant structural and crustal heterogeneity develops through the process of continental extension and breakup. While a clear link…
Eruptive Cycle and Bubble Trap of Strokkur Geyser, Iceland
The eruption frequency of geysers can be studied easily on the surface. However, details of the internal structure including possible water and gas filled chambers feeding eruptio…
Nanoscale Imaging of High-Field Magnetic Hysteresis in Meteoritic Metal Using X-Ray Holography
Stable paleomagnetic information in meteoritic metal is carried by the cloudy zone ~1-10 micron wide regions containing islands of ferromagnetic tetrataenite embedded in a paramag…
Solar Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Vegetation Indices for Heat Stress Assessment in Three Crops at Different Ge…
Remotely-sensed Solar Induced chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) is a novel promising tool to retrieve information on plants’ physiological status due to its direct link with the phot…
Detailed seismic imaging of the Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake rupture zone from data recorded by dense linear arrays
We analyze seismograms recorded by four arrays (B1-B4) with 100-m station spacing and apertures of 4-8 km that cross the surface rupture of the 2019 Mw7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake. T…
Quantifying On-farm Nitrous Oxide Emission Reductions in Food-Supply Chains
Reducing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agriculture is critical to limiting future global warming. In response, a growing number of food retailers and manufacturers have commi…
Wind and fetch dependence of gas transfer velocity in an Arctic sea-ice lead determined from eddy covariance CO flux me…
The air-water exchange of trace gases such as CO is usually parameterized in terms of a gas transfer velocity, which can be derived from direct measurements of the air-sea gas flu…
Applying Simple Machine Learning Tools to Infer Streambed Flux from Subsurface Pressure and Temperature Observations
We demonstrate the application of two simple machine learning tools - regression tree and gradient boosting analyses - to a hydrologic inference problem to address two objectives.…
A comparison between station observations and reanalysis data in the identification of extreme temperature events
While many studies comparing atmospheric reanalysis and surface observations have focused on the similarity of mean fields, trends, or frequencies of extreme events, very few have…
Analysis of the variation of stable carbon isotopes in macroalgae communities from shallow marine habitats in the Gulf …
The C isotopic composition in macroalgae (δ 13 C) is highly variable and its prediction is very complex relative to terrestrial plants. To contribute to the knowledge on the varia…
The new Mountain Observatory of the Project “Optimizing Cloud Seeding by Advanced Remote Sensing and Land Cover Modific…
In this study, we discuss a new mountain peak observatory in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Using coordinated scan patterns, a Doppler lidar and cloud radar were employed to stud…
Diurnal ocean surface warming drives convective turbulence and clouds in the atmosphere
Sunlight warms sea surface temperature (SST) under calm winds, increasing atmospheric surface buoyancy flux, turbulence, and mixed layer depth in the afternoon. The diurnal range …
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