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Showing 9551 to 9600 of 22070 works
A novel wave breaking framework to estimate air-sea gas transfer velocities
Parameterizations of gas transfer velocities are needed for climate predictions. Single parameter models typically only include wind dependence and may readily be used in climate …
Cloud-to-ground lightning and near-surface fire weather control wildfire occurrence in Arctic tundra
Wildfire is common across the pan-Arctic tundra. Tundra fires exert significant impacts on terrestrial carbon balance and ecosystem functioning. Interactions between fire and clim…
Charge State Calculation for Global Solar Wind Modeling
The charge state composition of the solar wind carries information about the electron temperature, density, and velocity of plasma in the solar corona that cannot always be measur…
Drag Coefficient Constraints for Space Weather Observations in the Upper Thermosphere
The space weather research community relies heavily on thermospheric density data to understand long-term thermospheric variability, construct assimilative, empirical, and semi-em…
To Split or to Lump? The Importance of Facies Analysis for Interpreting Stable Isotope Paleoclimate Proxies from Lacust…
Stable isotope geochemistry of terrestrial carbonates provides important opportunities to answer questions about climates, environments, and ecosystems both in the present day and…
On the all-India rainfall index and sub-India rainfall heterogeneity
Key Points: • We examine Indian summer monsoon rainfall interannual variability and telecon-nections 1901-2020 • All-India Rainfall Index (AIRI) closely tracks spatial and tempora…
Spatiotemporal Variability of Flash Drought in the Continental United States
Flash droughts are a recently recognized extreme climate phenomena that occur at the subseasonal timescale and develop with sudden onset and rapid intensity, which have significan…
Extensional Tectonics in Western Anatolia, Turkey: Eastward continuation of the Aegean Extension
Western Anatolia is located at the boundary between the Aegean and Anatolian microplates. It is considered a type-location for marking a significant transition between compression…
Records of Himalayan Metamorphism and Contractional Tectonics in the central Himalayas (Darondi Khola, Nepal)
The Himalayan orogen exposes a range of metamorphosed assemblages, from low-grade Indian shelf sediments of the Tethyan Formation to eclogite and ultra-high pressure rocks documen…
Intra-cloud Microphysical Variability Obtained from Large-eddy Simulations using the Super-droplet Method
In this study, the super droplet-method (SDM) is used in large-eddy simulations of an isolated cumulus congestus observed during the 1995 Small Cumulus Microphysics Study field pr…
Climate-modulated nutrient conditions along the Labrador Shelf: Evidence from nitrogen isotopes in a six-hundred-year-o…
The impacts of climate change on north Atlantic nutrient chemistry remain poorly understood, as there exist a multitude of rapidly changing biological and physical drivers of nutr…
Modelling Small-scale Storage Interventions at the Basin Scale
Recently, there has been renewed interest in the performance and functionality of traditional small-scale storage interventions (check dams, farm bunds and tanks) used across Indi…
Imaging the Hydrothermal System of Kirishima Volcanic Complex, Japan with L-band InSAR Time Series
We present deformation measurements of the Kirishima volcanic complex from ALOS and ALOS-2 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) time-series during 2006-2019. Shinmoe-d…
Tephra deposition enhances organic carbon burial in the Bering Sea
Preservation of organic carbon (OC) in marine sediments exerts a major control on the cycling of carbon in the Earth system. In marine sediment, OC preservation may be enhanced by…
Lagrangian Coherent Structures and Vortex Formation in High Spatiotemporal-Resolution Satellite Winds of an Atmospheric…
Recent advances in geostationary imaging have enabled the derivation of high spatiotemporal-resolution cloud-motion winds for the study of mesoscale unsteady flows. Due to the gen…
Soil carbon dioxide flux partitioning in a calcareous watershed with agricultural impacts
Predicting the partitioning between aqueous and gaseous C across landscapes is difficult because many factors interact to control CO 2 concentrations and removal as DIC. For examp…
Estimating the Effect of Carbon Emissions on Global Average Temperature
The successful application of simple statistical methods in economic modelling suggest that similar methods could provide insight into global climate. We apply an autoregressive m…
Origin of carbonate-bearing rocks in Jezero crater: Implications for ancient habitability in subsurface environments
Jezero crater, an ancient lake basin that is the landing site of the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover, contains a carbonate-bearing rock unit termed the margin fractured unit. Some of…
A critical appraisal of the status and hydrogeochemical characteristics of freshwater springs in Kashmir Valley
With growing water scarcity, jeopardized by climate change, and population growth, springs are likely to play an important role in meeting the domestic water demand in future. In …
The onset of anelastic behaviour in polycrystalline olivine
Seismic-frequency torsional forced-oscillation measurements of shear modulus dispersion and associated strain-energy dissipation under conditions of simultaneously high temperatur…
Hydrological effects on seismic-noise monitoring in karstic media
Fluctuations in groundwater content may produce surface deformation and affect the elastic properties of the Earth’s crust. In this study we evaluate the temporal variations of th…
The Solar Probe ANalyzer -Ions on Parker Solar Probe
The Solar Probe ANalyzer for Ions (SPAN-I) onboard NASA’s Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft is an electrostatic analyzer with time-of-flight capabilities that measures the ion c…
Rock Size-frequency Distributions of the InSight Landing Site, Mars
Rocks around the InSight lander were measured in lander orthoimages of the near field (<10 m), in panoramas of the far field (<40 m), and in a high-resolution orbital image around…
Towards a Multi-Representational Approach to Prediction, Understanding, and Discovery in Hydrology
A key step in model development is selection of an appropriate representational system, including both the representation of what is observed (the data), and the formal mathematic…
Ground-based Radar Observations of Snow Cover Evolution and Flowing Avalanches
Satellite-based radar measurement are increasingly important for the detection of avalanche activity and the characterization of the snow cover properties on a regional scale. How…
HatchFrac: A fast open-source DFN modeling software
This paper introduces a comprehensive C++ software package, HatchFrac, for stochastic modelling of fracture networks in two and three dimensions. Two main methods, the inverse CDF…
Methane Plume Emissions Associated with Puget Sound Faults in the Cascadia Forearc
Key Points: • Extensive methane bubble plumes have been discovered on the Puget Sound seafloor. • The emission sites of these plumes are associated with major fault zones that pen…
The three-dimensional light field within sea ice ridges
Sea ice pressure ridges have been recognized as important locations for both physical and biological processes. Thus, understanding the associated light-field is crucial, but thei…
Conjugate photoelectron energy spectra derived from coincident FUV and radio measurements
We present a method for estimating incident photoelectrons’ energy spectra as a function of altitude by combining global scale far-ultraviolet (FUV) and radio-occultation (RO) mea…
Natural Gas Gathering and Transmission Pipelines and Social Vulnerability in the United States
Midstream oil and gas infrastructure comprises vast networks of gathering and transmission pipelines that connect upstream extraction to downstream consumption. In the United Stat…
Duration of Individual Relativistic Electron Microbursts: A Probe Into Their Scattering Mechanism
We used the Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer (SAMPEX) to identify and quantify the duration of relativistic, >1 MeV, electron microbursts. A typical relativist…
Interactive Impacts of Uncertainties in Bias-Corrected Hydrologic Simulations: Southern China
This study aims to comprehensively examine diverse uncertainties/multiplicities (e.g., performance indicators, bias-correction methods, hydrologic models, bias-correction schemes,…
Deep structure of the crust in the area of the 2016-2017 Central Italy seismic sequence from receiver function analysis
We compute a high-resolution topographic model of the Moho beneath the faulting system activated during the 2016-2017 Central Italy seismic sequence, using Receiver Function (RF) …
From Stream Flows to Cash Flows: Leveraging Evolutionary Multi-Objective Direct Policy Search to Manage Hydrologic Fina…
Hydrologic variability can present severe financial challenges for organizations that rely on water for the provision of services, such as water utilities and hydropower producers…
Effects of ozone isotopologue formation on the clumped-isotope composition of atmospheric O2
Tropospheric 18O18O is an emerging proxy for past tropospheric ozone and free-tropospheric temperatures. The basis of these applications is the idea that isotope-exchange reaction…
Absorbing aerosol decreases cloud cover in cloud-resolving simulations over Germany
Aerosol can affect clouds in various ways. Beside the micro-physical impact of aerosol particles on cloud formation, the interference of aerosol with atmospheric radiation leads t…
Occurrence of Warm Freezing Rain: Observation and Modelling Study
Freezing rain has been normally considered to be composed of supercooled raindrops when the near surface air temperature is below freezing. However, according to a statistical sur…
Influence of deformation and fluids on the Ti exchange in quartz
Coarse-grained quartz veins from the Prijakt Nappe (Austroalpine Unit, Schober Mountains, Eastern Alps), that formed under amphibolite facies conditions, were overprinted by lower…
Downscaling CESM2 in CLM5 to Hindcast Pre-Industrial Equilibrium Line Altitudes for Tropical Mountain Glaciers
Tropical mountain glaciers are an important water resource and highly impacted by recent climate change. Tropical mountain glaciation also occurred in the recent and deep past, wh…
Past and Future Climate Variability Uncertainties in the Global Carbon Budget using the MPI Grand Ensemble
Quantifying the anthropogenic fluxes of CO2 is important to understand the evolution of carbon sink capacities, on which the required strength of our mitigation efforts directly d…
On the robustness of the evaluation of ENSO in climate models: How many ensemble members are needed?
Large ensembles of model simulations require considerable resources, and thus defining an appropriate ensemble size for a particular application is an important experimental desig…
Quantifying the lobe reconnection rate during dominant IMF By periods
Lobe reconnection is usually thought to play an important role in geospace dynamics only when the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) is mainly northward. This is because the most…
Seismic reflection and electrical resistivity imaging reveal pre-Quaternary glaciation in the Rocky Mountains (Unaweep …
Unaweep Canyon (Uncompaghre Plateau, Colorado) represents an enigmatic landscape with a complex evolution. Interpretations for its origin have ranged from ancestral fluvial erosio…
Ongoing alteration of mantle peridotite in the weathering horizon: Initial results from the Oman Drilling Project Multi…
The Oman Drilling Project “Multi-Borehole Observatory” (MBO) samples an area of active weathering of tectonically exposed peridotite. This paper reviews the geology of the MBO reg…
A minimal model to diagnose the contribution of the stratosphere to tropospheric forecast skill
Many recent studies have confirmed that variability in the stratosphere is a significant source of surface sub-seasonal prediction skill during northern hemisphere winter. It may …
Biogeochemical dynamics in adjacent mesoscale eddies of opposite polarity
We examined the biogeochemical impact of pairs of mesoscale cyclones and anticyclones in spatial proximity (<200 km apart) in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. While previous st…
Iron depletion in the deep chlorophyll maximum: mesoscale eddies as natural iron fertilization experiments
In stratified oligotrophic waters, phytoplankton communities forming the deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) are isolated from atmospheric iron sources above and remineralized iron bel…
Low-cost, Low-profile Dendrometer Optimized for Grapevines
Increasing agricultural demand for fresh water resources in the face of a changing climate requires improved irrigation management solutions to maximize resource efficiency while …
Towards Reproducible Hydrological Modelling with eWaterCycle
The eWaterCycle platform(https://www.ewatercycle.org/) is a fully Open Source system designed explicitly to advance the state of Open and FAIR Hydrological modelling. Reproducibil…
Impact of Dust on climate and AMOC during the Last Glacial Maximum Simulated by CESM1.2
While the impact of dust on climate and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) during the interglacial period such as the mid-Holocene (MH) has been studied extensivel…
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