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Showing 9401 to 9450 of 22070 works
Counter-gradient momentum transport through subtropical shallow convection in ICON-LEM simulations
It is well known that subtropical shallow convection transports heat and water vapour upwards from surface. It is less clear if it also transports horizontal momentum upwards to s…
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Statistics of the Intense Current Structure in the Dayside Magnetopause Boundary Layer
This paper presents a comprehensive study of the intense current structure (ICS) at the dayside magnetopause, by using the high-resolution data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale …
The July 2019 European heatwave in a warmer climate: Storyline scenarios with a coupled model using spectral nudging
Extreme weather events are triggered by atmospheric circulation patterns and shaped by slower components, including soil moisture and sea-surface temperature, and by the backgroun…
On the detection of COVID-driven changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide
We assess the detectability of COVID-like emissions reductions in global atmospheric CO 2 concentrations using a suite of large ensembles conducted with an Earth system model. We …
Is it possible to predict ENSO frequency changes for the coming century?
El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is one of the most important climate variabilities on an inter-annual time-scale. We aim to find out whether ENSO frequency will change in a ch…
Spatiotemporal variability of earthquake source parameters at Parkfield, California, and their relationship with the 20…
Earthquake stress drop is an important source parameter that directly links to strong ground motion and fundamental questions in earthquake physics. Stress drop estimations may co…
Observations of Stress-Strain in Drifting Sea Ice at Floe Scale
The mechanical deformation of sea ice has substantial influence over large-scale (e.g., > 10 km) ice properties, such as the ice thickness distribution, as well as small-scale (e.…
The Atmospheric Scale Lengths of Turbulence and Its Dependencies Derived from GPS Single Difference with a Common Clock
Microwave signals, for example, those from Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and very long baseline interferometry, are affected by tropospheric turbulence in such a way …
Dependence of Climate Sensitivity on the Given Distribution of Relative Humidity
We study how the vertical distribution of relative humidity (RH) affects climate sensitivity, even if it remains unchanged with warming. Using a radiative-convective equilibrium m…
Latitudinal beaming of Jupiter’s radio emissions from Juno/Waves flux density measurements
The observations from the Juno spacecraft in polar orbit of Jupiter provide for the first time a complete view of Jupiter’s radio emissions from all latitudes. Characterizing the …
Simultaneous characterization of wildfire smoke and surface properties with imaging spectroscopy during the FIREX-AQ fi…
We introduce and evaluate an approach for the simultaneous retrieval of aerosol and surface properties from Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer Classic (AVIRIS-C) data …
Empirical selection of Auroral Kilometric Radiation during a multipoint remote observation with Wind and Cassini
Auroral Kilometric Radiation (AKR) is radio emission that originates in particle acceleration regions along magnetic field lines, coinciding with discrete auroral arcs. Found in b…
Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere changes caused by the July 2, 2019 total Eclipse in South America over the Andes Lida…
This paper presents the results of a campaign covering a week of observations around the July 2, 2019, total Chilean eclipse. The eclipse occurred between 1922–2146 UTC, with comp…
Influence of permafrost type and site history on losses of permafrost carbon after thaw
We quantified permafrost plateau and post-thaw carbon (C) stocks across a peatland permafrost thaw chronosequence in Interior Alaska to evaluate the amount of C loss with thaw. Pe…
Investigating Strike-Slip Faulting Parallel to the Icelandic Plate Boundary Using Boundary Element Models
Most faults in Iceland strike roughly parallel to the divergent plate boundary, a part of the Mid-Atlantic Rift, which would be expected to lead to primarily normal faulting. Howe…
Explicit calculations of Wet Bulb Globe Temperature compared with approximations and why it matters for labor productiv…
Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) is a widely applied heat stress index. However, most applications of WBGT within the heat stress impacts literature do not use WBGT at all, but o…
Soil microorganisms regulate extracellular enzyme production to maximize their growth rate
Soil carbon cycling and ecosystem functioning can strongly depend on how microbial communities regulate their metabolism and adapt to changing environmental conditions to improve …
Deformational-energy partitioning in glacier shear zones
Most of the mass loss from the Antarctic Ice Sheet occurs through glaciers and ice streams, where fast-flow is partially controlled by rapid ice deformation in the margins. Deform…
Advanced bulk optical models linking the backscattering and microphysical properties of mineral dust aerosol
Sensitivities of the backscattering properties to microphysical properties (in particular, size and shape) of mineral dust aerosols are examined based on TAMUdust2020, a comprehen…
Concentration-Discharge Patterns Across the Gulf of Alaska Reveal Geomorphological and Glacierization Controls on Strea…
High latitude glacierized coastal catchments of the Gulf of Alaska (GoA) are undergoing rapid hydrologic changes in response to climate change and glacial recession. These catchme…
Energetic Intra-Cloud Lightning in the RELAMPAGO Field Campaign
A particular strength of lightning remote sensing is the variety of lightning types observed, each with a unique occurrence context and characteristically different emission. Dist…
Deep Learning, Explained: Fundamentals, Explainability, and Bridgeability to Process-based Modelling
Recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI), and particularly in deep learning (DL), have created tremendous excitement and opportunities in the earth and environmental s…
Atmospheric rivers' orientation and landfall direction matter for characterising the associated impact on extreme rainf…
Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) are filamentary channels of strong poleward water vapour transport in the midlatitudes. Recent studies have found that ARs are northwesterly and northeast…
Orbital and suborbital variations of productivity and sea surface conditions in the Gulf of Alaska during the past 54,0…
As a high-nutrient and low-chlorophyll region, the modern Gulf of Alaska (GoA) is strongly impacted by the limitation of iron. Paleostudies along the Alaskan slope have mainly foc…
Intertwined eco-morphodynamic evolution of salt marshes and tidal channels cutting through them
The formation and development of tidal channels and salt marshes are controlled by complex interactions between hydrodynamics, sediment transport, and vegetation dynamics. Tidal c…
The effects of surface curvature and temperature on charge transfer during ice-ice collisions.
Charging of colliding ice matched somewhat a study (Mason & Dash, 2000, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900104) in which there was qualitative agreement with a prediction of Baker a…
Anchoring Multi-Scale Models to Micron-Scale Imaging of Multiphase Flow in Rocks
Image-based pore-scale modeling is an important method to study multiphase flow in permeable rocks. However, in many rocks, the pore size distribution is so wide that it cannot be…
Reevaluation of total-column ozone trends and of the Effective Radiative Forcing of ozone-depleting substances
We evaluate total-column ozone trends using a piecewise linear regression approach and maximizing usage of five gridded total-column ozone datasets. The new approach yields more c…
The state of the atmosphere throughout the seasons: how well can atmospheric models explain infrasound observations at …
Over the past two decades the German Aerospace Center facility near Heilbronn, Germany, has conducted a considerable number of tests of the ARIANE-5 main rocket engine. From the 1…
Influence of the Solar Cycle on the North Atlantic Oscillation
We examine the influence of the solar cycle on the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on its pathway from the upper stratosphere to the surface by applying lagged regression analyse…
The Statistical Distributions of Evaporation Duct and the Communication Characteristics Over the South China Sea
To fully grasp the evaporation duct characteristics and effectively support the application of radio systems in the South China Sea (SCS), we proposed a statistical method by usin…
Regional Geology of the Hypanis Valles System, Mars
We present a geomorphic map of the Hypanis Valles watershed and a geomorphic map of the Hypanis deposit region at its terminus. We mapped these two regions at different scales: 1:…
Relating Darcy-scale chemical reaction order to pore-scale spatial heterogeneity
Due to spatial scaling effects, there is a discrepancy in mineral dissolution rates in porous media measured at different spatial scales. Many reasons for this spatial scaling eff…
Mars Methane Sources in Northwestern Gale Crater Inferred from Back-Trajectory Modeling
During its five years of operation as of 2017, the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) Tunable Laser Spectrometer (TLS) on board the Curiosity rover has detected six methane spikes abov…
Geology and Geochemistry of Noachian Bedrock and Alteration Events, Meridiani Planum, Mars: MER Opportunity Observations
We have used Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity data to investigate the origin and alteration of lithic types along the western rim of Noachian-aged Endeavour crater on Meridiani …
Discretization of Deep Low-Frequency Earthquakes Associated with Different Temporal Activity Patterns beneath Japanese …
We constructed a catalog of volcanic deep low-frequency (DLF) earthquakes across 52 regions in Japan to investigate their seismicity based on three analyses: relocation, classific…
Where are Mars' Hypothesized Ocean Shorelines? Large Lateral and Topographic Offsets Between Different Versions of Pale…
Mars’ controversial hypothesized ocean shorelines have been found to deviate significantly from an expected equipotential surface. While multiple deformation models have been prop…
Swarm-derived indices of geomagnetic activity
Ground-based indices, such as the Dst, ap and AE, have been used for decades to describe the interplay of the terrestrial magnetosphere with the solar wind and provide quantifiabl…
Organic Matter Composition of Biomineral Flocs and its Influence on Suspended Particulate Matter Dynamics along a Nears…
The seasonal variation in concentration of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP), particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) were investigated together with floc size an…
Kronian Magnetospheric Reconnection Statistics Across Cassini's Lifetime
Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental physical process in planetary magnetospheres, in which plasma can be exchanged between the solar wind and a planetary magnetosphere, and mat…
Meteoric smoke and meteor influx from global SOFIE observations
Measurements from the Solar Occultation For Ice Experiment (SOFIE) are used to characterize meteoric smoke and meteor influx in both hemispheres. New smoke extinction retrievals f…
Evidence of wildfire smoke in surface water of an unburned watershed
Large wildfires generate smoke that greatly compromises air quality over a wide area. Limited studies have suggested that smoke constituents may enter natural water bodies. In an …
Meridional migration of Indian Ocean Monsoon precipitation during the early Holocene: Evidence from the Andaman Sea
The Holocene evolution of the Indian Ocean Monsoon (IOM), especially the spatiotemporal nature of its maximum precipitation period, remains controversial. Here we present a high-r…
Imprint on the upper mantle discontinuities of a subducted Paleo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere and the formation of the Em…
Generally, it is suggested that mantle plume upwelling led to the formation of the Emeishan large igneous province (ELIP). However, this notion has been challenged by recent geolo…
Quantifying the Importance of Soil Forming Factors Using Multivariate Soil Data at Landscape Scale
The role of soil forming factors (time, parent material, climate, biota, topography) on soil processes has commonly been studied using soil sequences where only one factor varies …
Two Cenozoic extensional phases in Mallorca and their implications in the geodynamic evolution of the western Mediterra…
We study the structure of the Llevant ranges in Mallorca with special emphasis in the Cenozoic extensional evolution of the island, which we integrate in a new geodynamic model fo…
A subseasonal Earth system prediction framework with CESM2
A framework to enable Earth system predictability research on the subseasonal timescale is developed with the Community Earth System Model, version 2 (CESM2) using two model confi…
Dancing Sprites Above a Lightning Mapping Array - an analysis of the storm and flash/sprite developments
We present a multi-instrumental analysis of a 20-hour duration Mesoscale Convective System (MCS) over the northwestern Mediterranean sea on September 21, 2019, that produced 21 sp…
Morphodynamics of barchan-barchan interactions investigated at the grain scale
Corridors of size-selected crescent-shaped dunes, known as barchans, are commonly found in water, air, and other planetary environments. The growth of barchans results from the in…
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