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Showing 9301 to 9350 of 22070 works

Probing the southern African lithosphere with magnetotellurics, Part II, linking electrical conductivity, composition a…

The tectonic history of Southern Africa includes Archean formation of cratons, multiple episodes of subduction and rifting and some of the world’s most significant magmatic events…

Changes in Crack Shape and Saturation in Laboratory-Induced Seismicity by Water Infiltration in the Transversely Isotro…

Open cracks and cavities play important roles in fluid transport. Underground water penetration induces microcrack activity, which can lead to rock failure and earthquake. Fluids …

Geologic History and Crater Morphology of Asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Crater morphology and surface age of asteroid (162173) Ryugu are characterized using the high-resolution images obtained by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Our observations reveal that …

Spatial and temporal pattern of wildfres in California from 2000 to 2019

The environmental pollution, property losses and casualties caused by wildfires in California are getting worse by the year. To minimize the interference of wildfires on economic …

A long-lived swarm on the Central Bransfield Basin, Antarctica

We study a large and long-lived earthquakes swarm occurring in 2020-2021 in the Bransfield Basin, south of the South Shetland islands, Antarctica. We make use of local seismologic…

Dynamical coupling between the low-latitude lower thermosphere and ionosphere via the non-migrating diurnal tide as rev…

The diurnal-eastward propagating tide with zonal wavenumber 3 (DE3) has gained significant attention due to its ability to preferentially propagate to the ionosphere and thermosph…

Reanalysis of the ionospheric total electron content anomalies around the 2011 Tohoku-Oki and 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes…

We investigate the veracity of the reports by Iwata & Umeno (2016, doi:10.1002/2016JA023036) and Iwata & Umeno (2017, doi:10.1002/2017JA023921), both of which claimed that the obs…

Vertical Profiles of Ozone Concentrations in the Lower Troposphere Downwind of New York City during LISTOS 2018-2019

Twenty-six balloon-borne ozonesondes were launched near the north shore of central Long Island in the summers of 2018 and 2019 as part of the Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone …

Low-temperature thermochronology of the Izu collision zone, central Japan: Implications for mountain building at an act…

Arc-arc collision plays an important role in the formation and evolution of continents (e.g., Yamamoto et al., 2009; Tamura et al., 2010). The Izu collision zone central Japan, an…

Centroid Moment Tensor catalog with 3D lithospheric wavespeed model: the 2016-2017 Central Apennines sequence

Moment tensor inversions of broadband velocity data are usually managed by adopting Green’s functions for 1D layered seismic wavespeed models. This assumption can impact on source…

Extreme Precipitation Return Levels for Multiple Durations on a Global Scale

Quantifying the magnitude and frequency of extreme precipitation events is key in translating climate observations to planning and engineering design. Past efforts have mostly foc…

In-situ observation of pre-, co- and post-seismic shear slip at 1.5 km depth

Understanding the initiation and arrest of earthquakes is one of the long-standing challenges of seismology. Here we report on direct observations of borehole displacement by a me…

Tropical peatland hydrology simulated with a global land surface model

Tropical peatlands are among the most carbon-dense ecosystems on Earth, and their water storage dynamics strongly control these carbon stocks. The hydrological functioning of trop…

The integration of indigenous and scientific knowledge for the conservation of the Amazonian rivers in Peru

The rivers in the Peruvian Amazon basin are the veins that feed the largest rainforest on the planet. They connect habitats and ecosystems and are considered a source of high biod…

Deep Learning for Improving Numerical Weather Prediction of Rainfall Extremes

The accurate prediction of rainfall, and in particular rainfall extremes, remains challenging for numerical weather prediction models. This can be attributed to subgrid-scale para…

Tidal and Solar Radiation Impacts near the Tiwi Islands in the Southern Arafura Sea

Time series of shipboard observations in the southern Arafura Sea near the Tiwi Islands indicated that the water column dynamics differed between the east and west sides of the is…

Perturbation of boundary conditions to create appropriate ensembles for regional data assimilation in coastal estuary m…

Regional data assimilation is conducted for a coastal estuary using the ensemble Kalman filter, real observation data from Ise Bay, Japan, and a simulation model called the Ise Ba…

What controls the mesoscale variations in water isotopic composition within tropical cyclones and squall lines? Cloud r…

One way to test our understanding of the impact of convective processes on the isotopic composition of water vapor and precipitation is to analyze the isotopic mesoscale variation…

The Dependence of Tropical Modes of Variability on Zonal Asymmetry

Tropical modes of variability, including the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) and the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO), are challenging to represent in climate models. Previous …

Extreme vertical drafts in the polar summer mesosphere: A mesospheric super bore?

The polar summer mesosphere is the Earth’s coldest region, allowing the formation of mesospheric ice clouds. These clouds produce strong polar mesospheric summer echoes (PMSE) tha…

Mechanisms and impacts of climate tipping elements

“Climate tipping elements” often refer to large-scale earth systems with the potential to respond nonlinearly to anthropogenic climate change by transitioning towards substantiall…

Physics-informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for Wave Propagation and Full Waveform Inversions

We propose a new approach to the solution of the wave propagation and full waveform inversions (FWIs) based on a recent advance in deep learning called Physics-Informed Neural Net…

Initiation and mobility of irrigation-induced loess flowslide recurrence on the Heifangtai area in China: Insights from…

The Heifangtai area is commonly known as the museum of loess landslides in China. Irrigation-induced loess flowslides frequently recur along the margin cliffs of the Hefaingtai te…

Mapping MMS Observations of Solitary Waves in Earth's Magnetic Field

Electrostatic solitary waves (ESWs) are a type of nonlinear time-domain plasma structure (TDS) generally defined by bipolar electric fields and propagation parallel to the local m…

Effects of Megasplay Fault Activity on Earthquake Hazards: Insights from Discrete Element Simulations

Deep-water megasplay faults may promote or limit earthquake rupture and tsunami genesis. To better understand how megasplay faults affect earthquake rupture and associated tsunami…

Exploring the Sensitivity of Lunar Interior Structure from Geophysical and Geochemical Constraints

Abstract The key to evaluating the formation history and evolution of the Moon lies in understanding the current state of its interior. We used a multidisciplinary approach to exp…

Impact of Estuarine Dams on the Estuarine Parameter Space and Sediment Flux Decomposition: Idealized Numerical Modeling…

Estuarine dams can result in profound changes to estuarine environments. However, their impact on estuarine currents, stratification, and sediment fluxes is not well understood. T…

Neural Network AEROsol Retrieval for Geostationary Satellite (NNAeroG): Algorithm Framework Development

Geostationary satellites observe the earth surface and atmosphere with a short repeat time which can thus provide aerosol parameters with high temporal resolution. Due to the limi…

Characterising the response of vegetation cover to water limitation in Africa using geostationary satellites

Hydrological interactions between vegetation, soil, and topography are complex, and heterogeneous in semi-arid landscapes. This along with data scarcity poses challenges for large…

Impact of a scale-aware convective parameterization scheme on the simulation of convective cells related heavy rainfall…

This study investigates the impact of the scale-aware convective parameterization scheme (CPS) on convective cells related to simulation of heavy precipitation across the gray-zon…

Low biodegradability of dissolved organic matter from Southeast Asian peat-draining rivers

Southeast Asia’s extensive tropical peatlands account for a significant proportion of the global riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) flux to the ocean. Peat-derived DOC is ric…

Interannual changes in terrestrial water storage in the Qaidam basin based on multi-mission satellite data and their co…

Regional water storage monitoring is very essential and critical for regional water resource management, hydro-ecological sustainable development and studying interaction between …

The Pattern of Temporal Redox Shifts Can Determine If Anaerobic FeII or CH4 Production Dominates

Temporal redox fluctuations alter the pools of reducible FeIII and greenhouse gas emissions in humid upland soils. However, it is less clear how the characteristics of these fluct…

Measuring “weather whiplash” events in North America: An increased frequency linked with rapid Arctic warming?

The term “weather whiplash” was recently coined to describe abrupt swings in weather conditions from one extreme to another, such as from a frigid cold spell to anomalous warmth o…

Hidden potential in predicting wintertime temperature anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere

Variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) drives wintertime temperature anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere. Dynamical seasonal prediction systems can skilfully predict…

Geomorphological modeling of tidal inlets for sustainable deltaic lagoon management: A case study in the Po River Delta…

River deltas and enclosed lagoons represent a zone where fluvial and littoral processes interacts through a redistribution, erosion, and deposition of sediment, with a huge impact…

Modeling Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics, Carbon Sequestration, and the Climate Benefit of Sequestration

Mathematical models are essential for integrating different processes that control rates of soil C dynamics and for assessing C sequestration and related climate benefits. Many mo…

Identifying Major Hydrologic Change Drivers in a Transboundary Highly Managed Endorheic Basin: Integrating Hydro-ecolog…

Saline endorheic lakes play a crucial role in ecological regulation and biodiversity conservation in semi-arid regions. They provide a wide range of ecosystem services such as hab…

Analysis of IGS repro3 Station Position Time Series

The IGS contribution to ITRF2020, based on the third IGS reprocessing campaign (repro3), comprises daily position estimates for 1905 globally distributed GNSS stations. As an esse…

Extreme value distributions describe interannual variability in the seasonal North Atlantic phytoplankton bloom

The North Atlantic phytoplankton bloom depends on a confluence of environmental factors that drive transient periods of exponential phytoplankton growth and interannual variabilit…

Relationships among Forearc Structure, Fault Slip, and Earthquake Magnitude: Numerical Simulations with Applications to…

Two adjacent segments of the Chile margin exhibit significant differences in earthquake magnitude and rupture extents during the 1960 Valdivia and 2010 Maule earthquakes. We use t…

Characterizing the N2O isotopomer behavior of two N-disturbed soils using natural abundance and isotopic labelling tech…

Nitrous oxide (N 2 O), a potent greenhouse gas that contributes significantly to climate change, is emitted mostly from soils by a suite of microbial metabolic pathways that are n…

Day-night Contrast in the Cloud Water Responses to Aerosols

Clouds play an essential role in the global energy budget but the impact of anthropogenic aerosols on clouds is still poorly understood. We use fifteen-minute temporal resolution …

GPS Constraints on Drought-Induced Groundwater Loss Around Great Salt Lake, Utah, with Implications for Seismicity Modu…

Great Salt Lake (GSL), Utah, lost 1.89 +/- 0.04 meters of water during the 2012 to 2016 drought. During this timeframe, data from the GRACE mission do not detect anomalous mass lo…

Modeling the dynamics of salt marsh formation

The valuable ecosystem services of salt marshes are spurring marsh restoration projects around the world. However, it is difficult to forecast the final vegetated area based on ph…

Phytoplankton bloom in the Gulf of Elat/Aqaba: physical vs. ecological forcing

Phytoplankton bloom in the Gulf of Elat/Aqaba was studied before mainly using one-dimensional models and observations from the northern Gulf. Thus, the spatial variability within …

Comparison of open-source image-based reconstruction pipelines for 3D root phenotyping of field-grown maize

Understanding root traits is essential to improve water uptake, increase nitrogen capture and raise carbon sequestration from the atmosphere. However, high-throughput phenotyping …

Glacier ice surface properties in South-West Greenland Ice Sheet: first estimates from PRISMA imaging spectroscopy data

Snow and ice melt processes on the Greenland Ice Sheet are a key in Earth’s energy balance and hydrological cycle, and they are acutely sensitive to climate change. Melting dynami…

Three-dimensional clustering in the characterization of spatiotemporal drought dynamics: cluster size filter and drough…

In its three-dimensional (3-D) characterization, drought is approached as an event whose spatial extent changes over time. Each drought event has an onset and end time, a location…

The Recognition and Formation Mechanism of Break-up Sequence --an example from the Baiyun Sag in Northern Margin of Sou…

The South China Sea (SCS) is one of the largest marginal sea in southeast Asia. The northern continental margin of the SCS has been considered an intermediate between the magma-po…

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