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Showing 8801 to 8850 of 22070 works
Groundwater dynamics in the Indus revealed by integrated flow modeling and satellite data
In the Indus River Basin, groundwater plays a key role in mitigating the water storage fluctuations due to climate variation and meeting the rapidly increasing water demand in agr…
Quantifying aviation's contribution to global warming
Growth in aviation contributes more to global warming than is generally appreciated because of the mix of climate pollutants it generates: aviation contributed approximately 4% to…
Simulations with the Marine Biogeochemistry Library (MARBL)
The Marine Biogeochemistry Library (MARBL) is a prognostic ocean biogeochemistry model that simulates marine ecosystem dynamics and the coupled cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phospho…
Constraining global marine iron sources and ligand-mediated scavenging fluxes with GEOTRACES dissolved iron measurement…
Iron is a key micronutrient controlling phytoplankton growth in vast regions of the global ocean. Despite its importance, uncertainties remain high regarding external iron source …
Exploring pathways to more accurate machine learning emulation of atmospheric radiative transfer
Machine learning (ML) parameterizations of subgrid physics is a growing research area. A key question is whether traditional ML methods such as feed-forward neural networks (FNNs)…
Societal shifts due to COVID-19 reveal large-scale complexities and feedbacks between atmospheric chemistry and climate…
The COVID-19 global pandemic and associated government lockdowns dramatically altered human activity, providing a window into how changes in individual behavior, enacted en masse,…
Leveraging Uncertainty Quantification to Design Ocean Climate Observing Systems
Ocean observations are expensive and difficult to collect. Designing effective ocean observing systems therefore warrants deliberate, quantitative strategies. We leverage adjoint …
Connection between a subcontinental plume and the mid-lithospheric discontinuity leads to fast and intense craton litho…
Removal and thinning of cratonic lithosphere is believed to have occurred under different tectonic settings, for example, near subduction zones and above mantle plumes. Subduction…
Insights into the seismogenic structures of the arc-continent convergent boundary in eastern Taiwan
Taiwan’s doubly vergent orogen is a relatively young and active arc-continent collision caused by the convergence of the Eurasian and Philippine Sea Plates occurring along a compl…
Spatial Variation of In-Situ Stress Orientation Along the Hikurangi Subduction Margin: Insights from Borehole Image Log…
Knowledge of the contemporary in-situ stress orientations in the Earth’s crust can improve our understanding of active crustal deformation, geodynamic processes, and seismicity in…
Some lava flows may not have been as thick as they appear
Individual lava flows in flood basalt provinces are composed of sheet pāhoehoe lobes and the 10-100 m thick lobes are thought to form by inflation. Quantifying the emplacement his…
Limits on runoff episode duration for early Mars: integrating lake hydrology and climate models
Fluvio-lacustrine features on the martian surface attest to a climate that was radically different in the past. Since climate models have difficulty sustaining a liquid hydrospher…
Insights into Water Mass Origins in the Central Arctic Ocean from in-situ Dissolved Organic Matter Fluorescence.
The Arctic Ocean receives a large supply of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from its catchment and shelf sediments, which can be traced across much of the basin’s upper waters. Thi…
Martian Thermospheric Density Responses to the February and March 2017 C4.1~B3.3 Solar Flare-Induced EUV-Enhancement fr…
Mars thermosphere is responsive to solar activities. Previous studies have not examined the neutral density responses to the solar flares thoroughly due to lack of observations. I…
How does air-sea wave interaction affect tropical cyclone intensity? An atmosphere-wave-ocean coupled model study based…
Capturing TC intensity change remains a great challenge for most state-of-the-art operational forecasting systems. Recent studies found the TC intensity forecasts are sensitive to…
Validation of Wave Spectral Partitions from SWIM instrument on-board CFOSAT against In-situ Data
The Surface Waves Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) instrument onboard the China France Oceanography Satellite (CFOSAT) can retrieve directional wave spectra with a wavelength r…
Influence of thermal stratification on the structure and evolution of the Martian core.
The apparent end of the internally generated Martian magnetic field at 3.6-4.1 Ga has been linked to insufficient core cooling. While the dynamo cessation time is a key event in t…
Plant Phenotyping with Limited Annotation: Doing More with Less
Deep learning (DL) methods have transformed the way we extract plant traits – both under laboratory as well as field conditions. Evidence suggests that “well-trained” DL models ca…
The Illumination of Thunderclouds by Lightning: Part 1: The Extent and Altitude of Optical Lightning Sources
Optical space-based lightning sensors including NOAA’s Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) detect lightning though its transient illumination of the surrounding clouds. What spac…
The Illumination of Thunderclouds by Lightning: Part 2: The Effect of GLM Instrument Threshold on Detection and Cluster…
Lightning is measured from space using optical instruments that detect transient changes in the illumination of the cloud top. How much of the flash (if any) is recorded by the in…
The Illumination of Thunderclouds by Lightning: Part 4: Volumetric Thunderstorm Imagery
Optical instruments such as the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) detect lightning based on transient changes in cloud illumination. The horizontal location of lightning is det…
MAVEN observation study of the effects of crustal magnetic fields on the ratio of Ne/NCO2 of Martian ionosphere
As there are strong crustal magnetic fields in some Martian concentrated regions. it has long been a goal of Martian science to understand how crustal magnetic field affects surro…
Analysis of long-term GIC measurements in transformers in Austria
Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs), a result of solar wind interaction with the Earth’s magnetic field and the resistive ground, are known to flow in power transmission grids…
Accurate retrieval of asymmetry parameter for large and complex ice crystals from in-situ polar nephelometer measuremen…
The retrieval of the asymmetry parameter from nephelometer measurements can be challenging due to the inability to detect the whole angular range. Here, we present a new method fo…
Evolution of thermal electron distributions in the magnetotail: convective heating and scattering-induced losses
Earth’s magnetotail is filled with solar wind and ionospheric electrons, whose initial energies are significantly lower than the typical energies (temperatures) of plasmasheet ele…
Correlation between South China and India and development of double rift systems in the South China-India Duo during la…
South China, India and their derivative terranes/blocks preserve a larger amount of similar magmatic and sedimentary records related to the tectonic transition from Rodinia to Gon…
Essential Water Variables (EWVs) for the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) Nexus
The GEOSS Water Strategy–From Observations to Decisions (Lawford et al., 2014) identifies several key water variables as Essential Water Variables (EWVs). This was based on broad …
Flow aware parameterizations invigorate the simulated ocean circulation under the Pine Island ice shelf, West Antarctica
Warm, subsurface ocean waters that access ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea are likely to be a key driver of high meltrates and ice shelf thinning. Numerical models of the ocean cir…
Gold mineralization and metallogenesis associated with mantle dynamics in East China
East China can be divided into two parts: the North China Block (or North China Craton) (NCC) and the South China Block (SCB). The mechanism for the destruction of the NCC and the…
Mantle upwelling beneath the Tibetan Plateau based on P-wave teleseismic tomography
I carried out P-wave teleseismic tomography and constructed the velocity structure of the upper mantle in the Tibetan Plateau based on the 58999 P-wave arrivals extracted from 200…
Prolonged La Nina events and associated heat distribution in the Tropical Indian Ocean during 1958--2017
La Nina events influence the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) sea surface temperature, sea level and heat content significantly. However, proper quantification in the context of ocean …
Thermospheric Composition and Solar EUV Flux from the Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission
Observations of far-ultraviolet (FUV) dayglow by the Global-scale Observations of Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission provide a new opportunity to monitor relative composition changes in…
Constraining aerosol phase function using dual-view geostationary satellites
Passive satellite observations play an important role in monitoring global aerosol properties and helping quantify aerosol radiative forcing in the climate system. The quality of …
Effects of landscape complexity on crop productivity: an assessment from space
Agricultural producers have many incentives to clear small natural areas from their fields, as this can expand their cultivated land base. However, natural areas can play a role i…
Vertical Methane Fluxes Driven by Methanogen in Riparian Buffers of Urban Wetlands
Abstract Background, Aims and Scope. Wetland soil is one of the largest natural contributors to methane emissions, which is a prevalent greenhouse gas. The vertical flux pattern o…
The Effect of Equatorial noise on the Proton Density Structure of the Inner Van Allen Belt
We present evidence of damping of equatorial noise due to Finite-Larmor-radius (FLR) effect in the inner Van Allen belt. Detail observation of the FLR phenomenon in the inner belt…
Influence of the Last Glacial Maximum on New Jersey shelf offshore fresh groundwater reservoirs - investigating the rol…
Offshore freshened groundwater reservoirs occur on continental shelves in several regions of the world. Their origins are an active area of research, however, models often rely on…
Neutrons on Rails - trans-regional monitoring of soil moisture and snow water equivalent
Large-scale measurements of the spatial distribution of water content in soils and snow are challenging for state-of-the-art hydrogeophysical methods. Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (…
Glaciers of the Olympic Mountains, Washington - the past and future 100 years
In 2015, the Olympic Mountains contain 255 glaciers and perennial snowfields totaling 25.34 ± 0.27 km 2 , half of the area in 1900, and about 0.75 ± 0.19 km 3 of ice. Since 1980, …
Influence of slab-ocean parametrization in a regional climate model (RegCM4) over Central Africa
The study aims to assess the local response of the regional climate model version 4.6 (RegCM4.6) to the coupling of ocean-atmosphere interaction in Central Africa. The ability of …
Dominance of Wildfires Impact on Air Quality Exceedances during the 2020 Record-Breaking Wildfire Season in the United …
The western United States experienced a record-breaking wildfire season in 2020. This study quantifies the contribution of wildfire emissions to the exceedances of health-based Na…
The Gothic Dome: Kilometer-scale Miocene Exhumation in Colorado’s Elk and West Elk Mountains
The Colorado Rockies were initially raised during the Laramide Orogeny ca. 70-45 Ma. But consensus exists that the range experienced a second, post-Laramide episode of surface upl…
Seismic Evidence for Magmatic Underplating and Intrusion in Northeast China
The origin of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanism in Northeast China (NE China) and the formation of the Songliao Basin (SB) therein are highly controversial topics in the earth s…
Towards a framework of catchment classification for hydrologic predictions and water resources management in the ungaug…
The Congo Basin exhibits tremendous heterogeneities, out of which it emerges as an intricate system where complexity will vary consistently over time and space. Increased complexi…
Broadband Infrasound Signal of a Collapsing Glacier
A major ice collapse (20.000 m3) from a hanging glacier on Mount Eiger, Switzerland was recorded by a small aperture array as a broadband (0.1-10 Hz) infrasound signal. Array anal…
Observed Wind and SST Variability off the California Coast During Summertime High Wind Events
Sea surface winds off the California coast are characterized by high wind events that occur in spring and summer. In June, a well-defined wind event region is formed off the five …
Characterization of Irreversible Land Subsidence in the Yazd-Ardakan Plain, Iran from 2003-2020 InSAR Time Series
Groundwater extraction at rates exceeding recharge is occurring throughout Iran for agricultural and industrial activities, resulting in land subsidence in many areas, particularl…
Hypnos Board: A Low-Cost All-In-One Solution for Environment Sensor Power Management, Data Storage, and Task Scheduling
Open source in-situ environmental sensor hardware continues to expand across the geosphere to a variety of applications. These systems typically perform three fundamental tasks: s…
Integrated Sentinel-1 InSAR and GNSS time-series along the San Andreas fault system
Measuring crustal strain and seismic moment accumulation, is crucial for understanding the growth and distribution of seismic hazards along major fault systems. Here we develop a …
Toward Accurate Physics-Based Specifications of Neutral Density using GNSS-Enabled Small Satellites
Satellite-atmosphere interactions cause large uncertainties in low-Earth orbit determination and prediction. Thus, knowledge of and the ability to predict the space environment, m…
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