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Showing 701 to 750 of 8313 works
Teleconnection Patterns of River Water Quality Dynamics Based on Complex Network Analysis
Water quality in rivers is influenced by natural factors and human activities that interact in complex and nonlinear ways, which make water quality modelling a challenging task. T…
Formation and motion of horse collar aurora events
The polar cap can become teardrop shaped through the poleward expansion of the dusk and dawn sectors of the auroral oval, to form what is called horse collar aurora (HCA). The for…
Active tectonics, Quaternary stress regime evolution and seismotectonic faults in southern central Hispaniola: implic…
Present-day convergence between Caribbean and North American plates is accommodated by subduction zones, major active thrusts and strike-slip faults, which are probably the sour…
A framework for variational inference and data assimilation of soil biogeochemical models using state space approximati…
Soil biogeochemical models (SBMs) simulate element transfer processes between organic soil pools. These models can be used to specify falsifiable quantitative assertions about soi…
Divergent behavior of hydrothermal plumes in fresh versus salty icy ocean worlds
Water parcels close to their freezing point contract and become heavy on warming if they are sufficiently fresh, but expand and become buoyant when salty. We explore the resulting…
Energy partition at a collisionless supercritical quasi-parallel shock
Shocks in collisionless astrophysical plasmas redistribute some of the incident flow energy into both thermal and non-thermal energy. Quantifying the partition of that energy amon…
The method of images revisited: Approximate solutions in wedge-shaped aquifers of arbitrary angle
This paper focuses on deriving new approximate analytical solutions in wedge-shaped aquifers. The proposed methodology is applicable to any type of aquifer namely, leaky, confined…
Patterns of earthquakes and aseismic slip on a heterogeneous strike-slip fault with static/kinetic friction and tempera…
An earthquake simulator is developed to study the dynamics of seismicity and seismic/aseismic slip partitioning on a heterogeneous strike-slip fault using a generalized model of a…
Groundwater level simulations using wavelet transform-assisted deep learning models
The development of groundwater levels (GWL) simulations, based on deep learning (DL) models, is gaining traction due to their success in a wide range of hydrological applications.…
Combined impacts of temperature, sea ice coverage, and mixing ratios of sea spray and dust on cloud phase over the Arct…
We analyze the importance of cloud top temperature, dust aerosol, sea salt aerosol, and sea ice cover for the thermodynamic phase of low-level, mid-level, and mid to low-level clo…
Predicting Coronal Mass Ejection Arrival Times with Thirty-Minute Accuracy
J. Schmidt and Cairns (2019) have recently shown that they can predict Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) arrival times with an accuracy of 0.9+-1.9 hours for four separate events. They …
A novel efficient method of estimating suspended total sediment load fraction in natural rivers
Sediment transport load monitoring is important in civil and environmental engineering fields. Monitoring the total load is difficult, especially because of the cost of the bed lo…
Southern Ocean control of near-term global warming rates in climate models
Global warming will soon reach the Paris Agreement targets of 1.5C°/2°C temperature increase. Under a business-as-usual scenario, the time to reach these targets varies widely amo…
Effects of Tide and Wave on the Transport of Water and Sediments off the Yellow River Mouth in Winter
The fresh water and sediments transport from the Yellow River mouth downstream along the coast into the Laizhou Bay under the northeasterly wind in winter. The sediment transport …
Observations of gravity waves in the OH airglow layer above Rothera (68S, 68W) using a three-dimensional S-Transform an…
In this study, we apply the three-dimensional Stockwell Transform (3DST) to a novel dataset, namely airglow imager data from Rothera (68S, 68W). We use this approach to investigat…
Climate, variability, and climate sensitivity of “Middle Atmosphere” chemistry configurations of the Community Earth Sy…
Simulating whole atmosphere dynamics, chemistry, and physics is computationally expensive. It can require high vertical resolution throughout the middle and upper atmosphere, as w…
Five Centuries of Groundwater Elevations Provide Evidence of Shifting Climate Drivers and Human Influences on Water Res…
Groundwater depletion is a concern around the world with implications for food security, ecological resilience, and human conflict. Long-term perspectives provided by tree ring-ba…
Towards Cloud-Native, Machine Learning Based Detection of Crop Disease with Imaging Spectroscopy
Developing actionable early detection and warning systems for agricultural stakeholders is crucial to reduce the annual \$200B USD losses and environmental impacts associated with…
Fully coupled photochemistry of the deuterated ionosphere of Mars and its effects on escape of H and D
Although deuterium (D) on Mars has received substantial attention, the deuterated ionosphere remains relatively unstudied. This means that we also know very little about non-therm…
Quantifying net community production and calcification at Station ALOHA near Hawai’i: Insights and limitations from a d…
A budget approach is used to disentangle drivers of the seasonal mixed layer carbon cycle at Station ALOHA (A Long-term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment) in the North Pacific Subtr…
Implementation of a machine-learned gas optics parameterization in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System
Radiation schemes are physically important but computationally expensive components of weather and climate models. This has spurred efforts to replace them with a cheap emulator b…
River delta morphotypes emerge from multiscale characterization of shorelines
Delta shoreline structure has long been hypothesized to encode information on the relative influence of fluvial, wave, and tidal processes on delta formation and evolution. We int…
The impact of human-induced climate change on potential tornado intensity as revealed through multi-scale modeling
A novel, multi-scale climate modeling approach is used to provide evidence of potential increases in tornado intensity due to anthropogenic climate change. Historical warm- and co…
Solar and solar wind energy drivers for O+ and O2+ ion escape at Mars
Mars once had a dense atmosphere enabling liquid water existing on its surface, however, much of that atmosphere has since escaped to space. We examine how incoming solar and sola…
Recent tangible interannual variability of monsoonal orographic rainfall in the Eastern Himalayas
Himalayas hydroclimate is a lifeline for South Asia’s most densely populated region. Every year flooding in the Himalayan rivers is usual during monsoon, which impacts millions of…
Statistical Method-Based Multi-Model Ensemble Forecasting for North American Hazardous Air Quality
Wildfires can cause hazardous air quality conditions and affect human health. Accurate prediction of wildfire air quality is challenging due to uncertainties in fire emission, plu…
Cloud Botany: Shallow cumulus clouds in an ensemble of idealized large-domain large-eddy simulations of the trades
Small shallow cumulus clouds (< 1 km) over the tropical oceans appear to possess the ability to self-organise into mesoscale (10-100 km) patterns. To better understand the process…
The Impact Of Flocculation on In Situ and Ex Situ Particle Size Measurements by Laser Diffraction
Accurate particle size distribution (PSD) measurements of suspended particulate matter composed of flocs and aggregates are important to improve understanding of ecological and ge…
Basin Structure for Earthquake Ground Motion Estimates in Urban Los Angeles Mapped with Nodal Receiver Functions
Basin structures in the northern Los Angeles area have been identified from a nodal seismic array along 10 lines across three basins. The dense array of 758 geophones spaced at 25…
THE INFLUENCE OF PARTICLE VIBRATING MOTION ON BED-LOAD VARIABLES
The motion state of a particle is a crucial aspect in sediment transport problems. In this paper, we conceptualized three states: stillness, ‘transport’ and ‘non-transport’. Start…
Ubiquitous Earthquake Dynamic Triggering in Southern California
Earthquakes can be dynamically triggered by the passing waves of events from disconnected faults. The frequent occurrence of dynamic triggering offers tangible hope in revealing e…
Shocked soil - a rare terrestrial impactite
Impactites generally consist of target rocks subjected to a shock wave during an impact event, but theoretically can be composed of surficial materials such as soil or other uncon…
Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER): Instrument and Science Measurement Description
SABER (Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry) is a 10-channel infrared radiometer that is one of four instruments on the NASA TIMED (Thermosphere-Ionosphe…
Modeling denitrification: can we report what we don’t know?
Biogeochemical models simulate soil nitrogen (N) turnover and are often used to assess N losses through denitrification. Though models simulate a complete N budget, only specific …
Strong Evidence of Heterogeneous Processing on Stratospheric Sulfate Aerosol in the Extrapolar Southern Hemisphere Foll…
The January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HT-HH) caused the largest enhancement in stratospheric aerosol loading in decades and produced an unprecedented enhancement…
Dynamics of oceanic slab tearing during transform-fault horizontally-oblique subduction: Insights from 3D numerical mod…
Oceanic-plates vertical tearing is seismically-identified in the present-day Earth. This type of plate tearing is frequently reported in horizontally-oblique subduction zones wher…
A spatially resolved and environmentally informed forecast model of West Nile virus in Coachella Valley, California.
West Nile virus is the most significant arbovirus in the United States in terms of both morbidity and mortality. West Nile exists in a complex transmission cycle between avian hos…
Bayesian Inference and Global Sensitivity Analysis for Ambient Solar Wind Prediction
The ambient solar wind plays a significant role in propagating interplanetary coronal mass ejections and is an important driver of space weather geomagnetic storms. A computationa…
Accelerating large-eddy simulations of clouds with Tensor Processing Units
Clouds, especially low clouds, are crucial for regulating Earth’s energy balance and mediating the response of the climate system to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations. Desp…
Searching for intra-cloud positive leaders in VHF
We have used the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) to search for the growing tip of an intra-cloud (IC) positive leader. Even with our most sensitive beamforming method, where we cohere…
Gravity wave drag parameterizations for Earth's atmosphere
Atmospheric gravity waves (GWs), or buoyancy waves, transport momentum and energy through Earth’s atmosphere. GWs are important at nearly all levels of the atmosphere, though, th…
A framework for variational inference and data assimilation of soil biogeochemical models using state space approximati…
Soil biogeochemical models (SBMs) simulate element transfer processes between organic soil pools. These models can be used to specify falsifiable quantitative assertions about soi…
Machine learning emulator for physics-based prediction of ionospheric response to solar wind variations
Physics-based simulations are important for elucidating the fundamental mechanisms behind the time-varying complex ionospheric conditions, such as field-aligned currents (FACs) an…
Variation of cloud properties ascribed by sea ice states in the central and western Arctic
Based on wintertime observations during the MOSAiC expedition in 2019-2020, it was found that Arctic cloud properties show significant differences when clouds are coupled to the f…
Indices of Pacific Walker Circulation strength: trends, correlations and uncertainty
The strength of Pacific Walker circulation (PWC) significantly affects the global weather patterns, the distribution of mean precipitation, and modulates the rate of global warmin…
Breaking the Ring of Fire: How ridge collision, slab age, and convergence rate narrowed and terminated the Antarctic co…
The geometry of the Antarctic-Phoenix Plate system, with the Antarctic Plate forming both the overriding plate and the conjugate to the subducting oceanic plate, allows quantifica…
A New Method to Invert for Interseismic Deep Slip Along Closely Spaced Faults using Surface Velocities and Subsurface S…
Inversions of interseismic geodetic surface velocities often cannot uniquely resolve the three-dimensional slip-rate distribution along closely spaced faults. Microseismic focal m…
Long-term trends in productivity across Intermountain West lakes provide no evidence of widespread eutrophication
Eutrophication represents a major threat to freshwater systems and climate change is expected to drive further increases in freshwater primary productivity. However, long-term in-…
Deepening of Southern Ocean gateway leads to abrupt onset of a deep-reaching meridional overturning circulation
During the Eocene-Oligocene transition, the meridional overturning circulation underwent large changes, associated with the geological evolution of Southern Ocean gateways. These …
Causal model evaluation of Arctic-midlatitude teleconnections in CMIP6
In this study, we apply causal discovery to analyse causal links among key processes that contribute to Arctic-midlatitude teleconnections. First, we calculate the causal dependen…
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