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Showing 7401 to 7450 of 8313 works
Understanding the Drivers of Carbon-Nitrogen Cycle Variability in CMIP6 ESMs with MAGICC CNit v2.0: Model and Calibrati…
Carbon–nitrogen coupling is a critical constraint for improving carbon cycle and climate simulations in Earth system models (ESMs), yet large uncertainties hinder inter-model comp…
Online learning of a machine learning cloud fraction closure in a hybrid earth system model
Modeling cloud fraction accurately is essential to closing the radiation budget in climate models where top-of-atmosphere root mean square error biases are still several times lar…
Wakes from offshore wind farms reduce simulated energy fluxes across the surface of the Baltic Sea
Offshore wind farms have the potential to contribute a substantial portion of electricity generation for several European states, and thus represent a key component of the green t…
Zero-Shot Precipitation Downscaling Across Global Climate Regimes Using a Foundation-Style Deep Learning Framework
High-resolution precipitation estimates are essential for characterizing climate extremes, assessing sectoral impacts, and improving early-warning systems. However, the spatial re…
A Global Analysis of Future Compound Flood-Drought Events
Droughts and floods are commonly studied independently of one another, largely overlooking their possible co-occurrence and interdependencies. This may lead to significant risk un…
Data-Driven Hydrological Discharge Simulation in the Limpopo River Basin for Transboundary Water Management
Robust hydrological simulation is key for sustainable development, water management strategies, and climate change adaptation. In recent years, deep learning methods have been dem…
EMMA-Tracker v1.0: A lifecycle-based algorithm for identifying and tracking mesoscale convective systems in observation…
Understanding the long-term climatology and physical drivers of Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) in Europe is hindered by the lack of multi-decadal datasets and the difficultie…
Dual Role of a Subducted Seamount in Megathrust Rupture Initiation and Rupture Barrier
Using high-resolution 3D tomography and a relocated 2010-2022 earthquake catalog, we identify a seamount at 20-25 km depth beneath the Mompiche–Cojimíes region in the coastal fore…
Improving Biocementation Homogeneity of Porous Media by Inducing Precipitation Delay using Acetic Acetate Buffering in…
Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) is a sustainable green biogeotechnology utilizing ureolytic bacteria for soil stabilization. However, rapid ureolysis kinetics cau…
Dome C migration in Antarctica during the last 800,000 years
The ice core extracted as part of the Beyond EPICA project is expected to provide the longest continuous climate record, reaching back at least 1.2 million years. However, the hyp…
Revealing the Butterfly Effect in Deep Learning Weather Prediction Model via Kinetic Energy Spectra Change
The butterfly effect—where tiny uncertainties in initial conditions rapidly amplify into drastically different outcomes—is a main reason for using ensembles in probabilistic weath…
Evaluation of different tomato varieties in terms of growth, yield, and yield components in the Garasbaalay district, B…
A field experiment was conducted during the Jiilaal season from January to June 2024 at Tabeelaha Sheikh Ibrahim village, Garasbaaley district, Banadir region, Somalia. The field …
CbPM estimates of net primary production in the North Atlantic from profiling floats and satellites diverge seasonally …
Net primary production (NPP), defined as the difference between gross primary production and phytoplankton respiration, is often estimated using algorithms applied to remote sensi…
Gray-Zone Simulation of the Convective Boundary Layer Using Fourier Neural Operator
Turbulence parameterization methods in the gray zone are challenging for numerical weather prediction. Previous machine learning (ML) weather prediction models primarily focus on …
Beyond the Mean: the Mesoscale Patterns of the Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone
The organization of clouds in the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) varies markedly from day to day. To investigate how different mesoscale cloud patterns relate to the mean p…
A Global Evaluation of Lithology-Dependent Marine Sediment Compaction Parameters and their Uncertainties
Tectonic subsidence, sea level, and paleoclimate reconstructions using marine records rely on accurate decompaction of the sediment column. Over time, increased overburden pressur…
Runout mechanism of landslides in alluvial basins with emphasis on the impact and erosion effects
Landslide runout is a critical factor in risk assessment, and runout distance is the most widely used indicator of mobility. Runout distance is determined both by the landslide's …
A minor revision to high-order WENO discretization
A revised computation is introduced to address numerical overshoots inherent in high-order (9th and 11th) weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) discretizations. These artifa…
Quantifying Urban Morphology-Induced Uncertainty in Urban Meteorology and Heat Stress Simulations in Southern California
Accurate representation of land use and urban morphological parameters (UMPs), particularly building height, road width, and roof width, is critical for urban climate/weather mode…
Groundwater in the Pacific Islands under Climate Change
The Pacific Islands are among the most exposed regions to the impacts of climate change. Groundwater resources, as vital resources that are an integral part of cultures, must be p…
A contrasting TEC behaviour over the low-latitude post-midnight sector during recovery phases of May and October 2024 s…
The present study reports on the variability of the post-midnight ionosphere over the low-latitude sector during the recovery phases of the May and October 2024 storms. Multi-inst…
A new approach for estimating turbulence parameters from COSMIC GPS RO and its evaluation using ST/MST Radar network ov…
[1]¿p#1 newcommands Assessment of atmospheric turbulence beyond local scales is of utmost importance. As a first step in this direction, a novel method to estimate turbul…
Magnetohydrodynamic Modeling of Island Wake Dynamics: Application to Chu Island, Weihai
洋流通过切割产生感应电磁场 通过地球的磁场。当这些电流受到影响时 在岛屿附近，会发生特定的水动力扰动，形成流动 类似漩涡街道的结构。研究其特征 关于岛屿尾迹中诱发的电磁场，本研究提出了一个 基于 理论框架的耦合模型 磁流体力学，积分纳维-斯托克斯方程和 麦克斯韦方程。该方法系统地纳入了 控制流体相互作用的物理过程 运动场和电磁场，从而建立了多物理学 结合模…
Geolipidomics: Non-targeted Analysis of Rapidly Heated Geologic Samples with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Lipids are powerful tools for reconstructing paleoenvironments and geologic processes because of their ubiquity and preservation in the rock record. Traditionally, organic geochem…
A Unified Vector Electromagnetic Framework for Ionospheric Scintillation and Polarization Effects in GNSS
The ionosphere imposes coupled amplitude, phase, and polarization distortions on trans-ionospheric GNSS signals, reflecting the structure and dynamics of electron-density irregula…
Energy Balance of Fluid-driven Frictional Rupture in Fractured Rocks
Fluid pressurisation at depth can reactivate pre-existing fractures and faults by triggering frictional slip that ranges from slow (aseismic) slip to dynamic rupture. These can o…
Integration of Head, Temperature and Concentration Data for Subsurface Delineation Using the Pilot Point Method: Synthe…
Characterization of subsurface heterogeneity is essential for improved understanding groundwater flow, contaminant transport and to propose remediation strategies. To improve t…
Decadal coherence of Arctic thermohaline staircases
Thermohaline staircase layers have been consistently observed in the Arctic Ocean for over 50 years. Previous studies demonstrate that these structures exhibit large-scale spatial…
Ten Simple Rules to Increase the Usability of Earth Observation Mission Datasets
Publicly-funded Earth Observation (EO) missions present unprecedented challenges and opportunities for observing our changing planet and applying the knowledge gained to benefit s…
A New Proxy for Reconstructing Westerly Wind Variability in the South Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean
Southern Hemisphere westerly winds are important drivers of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic environmental change. Short observational wind records prevent us from fully understanding …
Magnetic Induction Localization for UAV-based Radar Swarms via a Hybrid LSTM-Optimization Method
Using uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) based radar sensors for root-zone soil moisture (RZSM) profile observations presents an engineering challenge. High-frequency radars have compa…
Understanding Geo-Environmental Factors for Landslide Occurrences Using Geographically Explainable AI: A Case Study fro…
Landslide Susceptibility Assessment (LSA) is essential for disaster mitigation and spatial planning, especially in regions with complex terrain and increasing development pressure…
Trusting machine learning with physics: A fidelity verification framework for complex systems
Neural networks (NN) are embraced to model complex systems based only on data, but their opacity remains a concern. It remains unclear if skill comes from learning physical depend…
The Pacific-Japan (PJ) Pattern and Variability as Climate Model Evaluation Metrics
The Pacific-Japan (PJ) pattern, a major mode of East Asian summer monsoon variability, features a tri-polar or dipolar structure, centered over southern Japan with opposing anomal…
Waves and ion kinetics across an interplanetary shock observed at two heliocentric longitudes
not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown We investigate an interplanetary shock at two different helioce…
Urban and power plant NOx emissions in Sub-Saharan Africa inferred from TROPOMI
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions are increasing rapidly in Sub-Saharan Africa, affecting local air quality. Outside South Africa, most hotspots are relatively small, posing a chall…
The Amazon River-Breeze Circulation Limits Detection of Aerosol-Cloud Interactions in Warm Clouds
Increased aerosol concentrations can brighten low-level clouds and extend their lifetimes, but aerosol–cloud interactions (ACI) remain highly uncertain and difficult to quantify. …
Synergistic Pathways for CO 2 and Multi-Media Mercury Emission Control in China.
China and many developing countries face dual challenges in achieving carbon neutrality and controlling multi-media Hg pollution. Previous studies have employed computable general…
Compound meteorological and agricultural droughts in California's changing climate
California’s large urban populations and valuable agricultural sectors are increasingly vulnerable to intensifying droughts driven by climate variability and change. Droughts are …
Enhancing Low-Cost Sensor Reliability for Air Quality Monitoring using Deep Learning and Monte Carlo-based Uncertainty …
Increasing levels of harmful air pollutants, particularly particulate matter smaller than 2.5 µm (PM2.5), pose a significant global public health risk. While accurate monitoring i…
Global Urban-Rural Differences in Precipitation: Cities See More Light Rain but Milder Extremes
Ample evidence has shown that cities modulate regional hydrometeorology and hydroclimatology. Because different precipitation intensities have distinct hydrological and societal i…
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