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Showing 6901 to 6950 of 8313 works
On the Freeze-in Distance of Solar Wind Fluid Entropy Variability in the Corona
The strong correlation between solar wind entropy and the frozen-in ion charge state ratio O 7+ /O 6+ indicates that entropy variability on timescales of hours or longer is preser…
A Comprehensive analysis of High Resolution VHF Observations with LOFAR of the Positive Initiating Event for Several Li…
The electric fields in lightning clouds are well below the limit to spontaneously initiate a spark. The initiation process of lightning is thus an open question. We present very h…
Co- and Post-seismic Effects of the 2022 Mw 6.4 Ferndale and 2024 Mw 7.0 Offshore Cape Mendocino sequences
The Mendocino Triple Junction is in a tectonically complex region where a multitude of physical mechanisms contribute to crustal deformation. To discern these physical drivers, we…
Stress field and megathrust strength in the Western Hellenic subduction system: insights from the 2024 Mw 5.9 Strofades…
The March 29, 2024, Mw 5.9 earthquake sequence occurred offshore in the western Hellenic subduction system near the Strofades Islands. Here we present high-precision earthquake lo…
Global vertical profiles of tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) obtained by cloud-slicing TROPOMI
Tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) is a powerful greenhouse gas and air pollutant that negatively impacts human health and ecosystems. Routine observations to better understand its vertica…
Advancing reproducible and transparent research with practical skills in data and code management
Data and scientific methods are becoming more complex in today’s landscape of affordable sensors, open data, and machine learning. In addition, collaboration and team science are …
Quantification of Mechanisms for Severe Wind Generation in Simulated Derecho Events
Damaging winds generated by non-tornadic thunderstorms are responsible for property and crop losses comparable to or greater than tornadoes. A significant contributor to these los…
Climate Change Forces Hydrological Regime Shifts in Australian Wetlands
Wetlands provide crucial biodiversity benefits and ecosystem services but are at risk from changing hydrological regimes under climate change. Understanding likely future changes …
Inverse modeling of groundwater salinity in coastal conifer stands exposed to seawater
Coastal aquifer salinization poses a serious threat to human populations and groundwater-dependent ecosystems globally, but scaling individual groundwater observations to a broade…
Archaeal tetraether lipids as tracers for past marine environmental change
Archaea are single-celled microorganisms that are abundant in marine environments and play a key role in the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Archaea can biosynthesize a wide variety o…
On the utility of the transient climate response
The Transient Climate Response (TCR) is a metric of climate sensitivity relevant to present-day climate change, but has been less well studied than the Equilibrium Climate Sensiti…
High-resolution Tomography for the Upper-mantle Structure in North China by Full-waveform Inversion of Short-period Tel…
We investigate the structure and tectonic environment in the crust and upper mantle beneath the North China Craton (NCC) by conducting a full-waveform inversion of teleseismic P a…
Light Gradient Boosting Machine-based Modeling and Forecasting of Oyster Norovirus Outbreaks
Conclusions ➢Oyster norovirus outbreaks are driven by environmental factors such as temperature, solar radiation, salinity, and precipitation. Incorporating location parameters en…
Land Use and Land Cover Control the Composition of Solid-Phase Extracted Dissolved Organic Matter in the Ebro and Mero …
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) regulates key biogeochemical processes in aquatic systems, yet its low concentrations in rivers require preconcentration before detailed characteriz…
Assessing Earth's energy imbalance trend in the early 21st century in two high-resolution coupled models
Satellite observations since 2001 show an increasing Earth’s energy imbalance (EEI) at the top of the atmosphere of \SI{0.45}{W.m^{-2}.dec^{-1}}, a trend understated in coupled cl…
New Representation of Sea Ice Salt Dynamics within NEMO-SI3: Evaluation and Impacts
Many large-scale sea ice models represent salt dynamics, yet, these remain insufficiently evaluated, with large uncertainty on several parameterization choices. To address this, w…
Understanding Biases in Simulated Cloud Radiative Effects in E3SMv3
This study systematically investigates biases in cloud radiative effects (CREs) within the recently released Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 3 (E3SMv3). Results show th…
Relative Contributions of Lower-Atmosphere Tidal and Solar-Magnetospheric Forcings to the Day-to-Day Variability of F-r…
We use TIEGCM simulations nudged to realistic tides and their statistical day-to-day variabilities (DTDVs), derived from MIGHTI/ICON observations, to estimate the relative importa…
Wintertime peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) hotspot over China observed from space: Interpretation of CrIS results using upda…
Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is an important tracer of photochemistry formed through the oxidation of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) in the presence of nitrogen oxi…
Exploring the relationship between stress state and fault stability at the Hikurangi Subduction Margin, New Zealand
The Hikurangi Subduction Margin (HSM), New Zealand is characterized by along-strike variation in slip behavior, thought to be linked to spatial-temporal variations of plate interf…
ENSO Predictability from Combined Wyrtki and Hasselmann Memory in a Cyclostationary Linear Inverse Model
Low-order models can improve forecasts of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) by representing its core dynamics within simple frameworks. The eXtended nonlinear Recharge Oscil…
How extreme apparitions of the anthropogenic Middle East Aerosol Plume created, and continue to cause, drought in Darfu…
The IPCC and literature state that aerosols can affect the large-scale Atmospheric Circulation and Hydrologic Cycle (AC/HC). The HC has changed significantly in the Sahel and Darf…
Biosignature Stability under Martian Surface Conditions: Implications for Sample Analysis by the Rosalind Franklin Rover
The 2028 ESA/NASA Rosalind Franklin Rover will search for signs of past and present life in the shallow subsurface of Mars. It is crucial to understand how minerals and any biosig…
Evaluating Lightning Predictability Over Southeastern South America Using Machine Learning and CloudSat Vertical Profil…
Lightning plays a critical role in convective systems. In this study, we apply a machine learning framework to analyze lightning activity over southeastern South America using a c…
Evolution of Sediment Granular Characteristics Carried by Hurricane Hilary-Induced Post-Wildfire Debris Flows
Debris flow deposits in the San Bernardino Forest after Hurricane Hillary have granular characteristics that evolve along the downhill flow paths. The El Dorado wildfire in 2020 a…
Reversible Regime Change: Climate-driven phytoplankton community shifts in the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela
Phytoplankton communities are integral to oceanic biogeochemical cycles and are sensitive indicators of climate-driven environmental variability. Long-term time series capture thi…
IONOSPHERIC RESPONSE CHARACTERIZATION DURING GEOMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES: EISCAT SVALBARD RADAR ANALYSIS (2007)
This work analyses polar cap ionospheric variability and predictive modelling using EISCAT Svalbard Radar (ESR) data from March 2007 to February 2008 during solar minimum. Over fo…
Potential impacts of climate interventions on marine ecosystems
Climate intervention research is expanding as current mitigation efforts to limit warming below crucial targets are falling short. • Substantial knowledge gaps exist on the potent…
Helicity in Rotating Convection with Boundary Topography: Experimental Insights from ToRoCo and Implications for Core D…
Recent evidence points to a relatively young age of the Earth’s inner core. Such findings challenge the classical convection-based geodynamo theory that explains the Earth’s magne…
Improving Geomagnetic Perturbation Forecasts in the Southern Hemisphere via Kernel-Based Encoding of Mirror Symmetry
Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) are a major space weather hazard during geomagnetic storms and pose ongoing threats to technologies using long conductor systems. Accurate …
Subseasonal tropical convection characteristics in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 2
Accurate simulation of subseasonal tropical moist convection remains a key challenge for Earth system models. The difficulties stem from the reliance of cumulus cloud processes on…
Taylor columns and carbon flux: The impacts of Southern Ocean seamounts on upper ocean productivity, as observed by und…
Biological productivity in the Southern Ocean is higher than the global average, but not uniformly distributed; the mechanisms behind nutrient supply and subsequent influences on …
Southern South American dust inputs to the South Atlantic and Southern Oceans: trace element solubility and deposition …
Southern South America (SSA) is an important source of dust, and its associated micronutrient trace elements, to the waters of the Southern Ocean. As part of the UK contribution t…
Influence of mesoscale circulations on the formation of humidity haloes
Humidity haloes-regions of enhanced water vapour surrounding trade wind shallow cumulus clouds-can significantly influence downward longwave radiation due to their elevated moistu…
Soft Proton Forecasting for SMILE Using XGBoost and Solar Cycle-Informed Synthetic Datasets
Soft proton contamination presents a persistent threat to the performance of space-based X-ray observatories such as ESA’s upcoming Solar-wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explor…
Randomization across breeding cohorts improves the accuracy of conventional and genomic selection
Breeding programs conventionally evaluate cohorts in separate trials; however, environmental differences across testing areas can be confounded with genetic differences between co…
Seasonal patterns of the Caribbean Current and its influence on the small island of Curaçao
Large-scale ocean currents exhibit spatial and temporal variability that can influence local circulation patterns, particularly around small islands. Two distinct flow regimes wer…
Interpretable Soil Water Retention Prediction Using Hierarchical Attention Networks with Uncertainty Quantification
Understanding which soil properties control water retention at different moisture states remains a critical challenge for predicting how soils respond to management and environmen…
Agricultural Non-Consumptive Water Use Estimation and Water Management Performance Assessment Through a Remote Sensing-…
In Utah, significant agricultural water demand (75% of available water) combined with arid climate and population growth puts pressure on existing water resources. Also, Utah clim…
Deciphering Watershed Transport Process: A Differentiable Hybrid SAS Function Approach
Uncovering transit time distributions (TTDs) remains a long-standing challenge in understanding watershed transport processes. The StorAge Selection (SAS) function provides a nume…
Capability demonstration of a JEDI-based system for TEMPO assimilation: system description and evaluation
The launch of the Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) mission in 2023 marked a new era in air quality monitoring by providing high-frequency, geostationary obs…
A New X-line Model: Comparison to MHD Magnetic Separator
Predicting the location of magnetopause reconnection remains a major challenge. Existing models often fail to predict the location of the reconnection line seen in global MHD simu…
Elastic-plastic flexure and heat flux on icy moons
Investigation of ice-shell flexure observed in elevation data is one of the few ways to infer the thermal evolution of icy moons. Most previous work have relied on the classical b…
Mean Kinetic Energy and its Projected Changes Dominate over Eddy Kinetic Energy in the Arctic Ocean
As sea ice retreats in a warming climate, the Arctic Ocean is becoming more energetic; yet little is known about this additional energy’s distribution in the water column. We use …
New 2010 Maule aftershock catalog reveals structure of the deep subduction interface
On February 27th 2010, a Mw 8.8 earthquake occurred near Maule in south-central Chile. The subsequent rapid deployment of a dense network of seismic stations on land was able to c…
A Late Cretaceous-Eocene Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (MM25) that combines marine magnetic anomaly records, radioiso…
The Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS) is essential to date geological events in stratigraphic sequences and to reconstruct plate motions. The first GPTSs were based on the re…
Vertical Farming in the Urban Ecosystem: A Systematic Review of its Multifaceted Impacts on Food Security, Urban Heat I…
Background: Rapid urbanization and climate change pose significant challenges to urban food security, environmental sustainability, and public health. Vertical farming (VF), the p…
Analysis of the Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Tropical Mesoscale Convective Systems
The Tracked IMERG Mesoscale Precipitation Systems (TIMPS), combined with data from ERA5 and TRMM/GPM are used to identify the processes that govern the initiation and maintenance …
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