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Representing mesoscale turbulence in eddy-permitting ocean models raises challenges for climate simulations; in such models, eddies and their associated energy and transport effec…

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) can harm people, animals, and can affect consumptive and recreational use of inland water bodies. Measuring and monitoring cyanobac…

Recent detections of water ice in the permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) at the lunar poles have reignited scientific and commercial interest in the exploration of Earth’s closes…

To understand the melt source of hotlines with asynchronous volcanoes, we investigate the lithospheric structure of the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL), a chain of volcanoes without …

This paper introduces a novel method for retrieving the particle size distribution (PSD) of hydrometeors from Ka-band polarimetric radar measurements of horizontal reflectivity (Z…

Malaria eradication requires reducing transmission in endemic areas and maintaining these reductions in areas where elimination has been achieved. In Altamira, a municipality in t…

Serpentinization occurs due the hydration of ultramafic rocks in various tectonic settings. This hydration has been proposed as a source of geological hydrogen that could be engin…

Extreme precipitation (EP) poses a severe risk under a changing climate. In this study, we use daily gridded precipitation data (1980–2024) and a connected-component labeling algo…

Stable cadmium (Cd) isotopes have previously been considered as a paleo-productivity proxy, owing to the nutrient-like behaviour of cadmium in the modern ocean water column. Howev…

Earthquakes occur in populations with few large events and many small ones, yet many earthquake rupture models employ a smooth stress field and other conditions that prohibit the …

The Arctic warms faster than anywhere else on our planet, and paleoclimate data are key to placing this amplified response in a long-term context. But most past temperature proxie…

Tracking underwater fish species is crucial for population monitoring, stock assessments, ecological balance, and endangered species protection. While image processing and compute…

Hydrologic models are trained on a limited set of data that represents past conditions, but are often used to predict new conditions that aren’t necessarily represented by trainin…

We present a hierarchical Bayesian model of the global geomagnetic field for the last 8,000 years. The model is built solely with thermoremanent records, which include archeomagne…

We use recently compiled GNSS velocities across the Zemuhe-Daliangshan fault zone, part of the central Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system, to reconcile a long-standing mismatch bet…

The Amazon Basin, one of the most biodiverse regions on Earth, is shaped by complex interactions between climate, hydrology, and forest dynamics. It’s strongly influenced by seaso…

Extreme rainfall is fundamentally driven by microphysical processes aloft, which can be strongly influenced by interactions with complex terrain. Despite longstanding hypotheses r…

GeoLatinas, a not-for-profit, international organization founded in 2019, promotes and supports Latina women in Earth and Planetary Sciences. Our organization has team-led initiat…

Limitations of Traditional PSHA: Standard probabilistic seismic hazard assessment relies on empirical, time-independent (Poisson) recurrence models, which constrain representation…

This proposal encourages the use of interdisciplinary developmental studies to implement more effective educational policies leveraging our Cognitive-Based Emulation (CBE) Field M…

An analysis of E region ion layer formation is presented, including the effects of a non-dipole geomagnetic field and gravity on vertical ion drifts, with a particular focus on E …

Underwater fish species monitoring plays a pivotal role in marine conservation, enabling accurate stock assessments, sustainable production management, and protection of endangere…

Linking hydrograph dynamics with subsurface transport velocities and biogeochemical responses remains a central challenge in watershed hydrology, yet it is essential for improving…

Zhao et al.’s (2025) time-calibration of a TPW event sought stratigraphic evidence of orbitally-forced climate change using a conventional cyclostratigraphic method. This relies o…

In the Australian sector of the Southern Ocean (SO), marine cold-air outbreaks (MCAOs) commonly reach Tasmania and beyond, particularly during austral winter. Compared to the Nort…

Differentiable hydrologic models combining neural networks with process-based backbones—fully implemented or approximated by surrogate models—offer highly competitive accuracy and…

Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves can interact with ring current ions and scatter them into the atmosphere. The classical framework for studying EMIC wave-ion interaction…

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) carries oceanic heat northward to the subpolar North Atlantic (SPNA), where the surface water cools and sinks to the deep oc…

This study presents two years of high-resolution data from two urban freshwater ponds in Esbjerg, Denmark, revealing recurrent wintertime dissolved oxygen (DO) depletion linked to…

Wind-blown sand transport is a prominent process on Mars; however, current models may systematically overestimate the threshold friction velocity u*t critical for predicting aeoli…

Deep learning-based statistical downscaling is increasingly adopted in weather and climate science. However, the choice of training loss function, which is central to guiding mode…

Past work shows sociodemographic disparities in siting of pollution sources and exposures to contaminants in drinking water. Advancements in water treatment such as reverse osmosi…

Subduction zones are long-term regulators of Earth’s climate by controlling deep Earth and surface carbon cycles. However, the role of subduction zone activity in driving the Toar…

The state of the marine ecosystem can be estimated by a combination of numerical models and satellite observations through data assimilation (DA) methods. Satellite data represent…

The eastern United States experienced a transition from above-normal temperatures in October-November 2024 to extreme cold during the 2024/25 winter, despite the presence of mild …

This review synthesizes empirical evidence of collective adaptation across ecological, health, and learning systems. Using data-driven studies and networkbased analyses, it identi…

Electrical polarization at the fluid–mineral interface reflects pore-scale properties such as surface area, pore radius, porosity, and formation factor, which control fluid flow a…

[1]¿p#1 newcommands The Labrador Sea is a vital component of global ocean circulation, hosting vigorous deep convection that can mix to deeper than 2000 m. Features that …

We present a model for volcanic eruption based on the Brownian motion of denser bod- ies of magma, embedded in a less dense one. The viscosity of the embedding magma contrasts the…

This article offers a physics-first explanation for how Earth’s crust reshapes over time. Instead of starting with horizontal plate motions, it begins with planetary cooling and b…

Century-scale drought variability remains poorly understood globally due to sparse instrumental records and limited paleoclimate reconstructions. Yet, quantifying long-term forced…

The HILT (Heavy Ion Large Telescope) instrument aboard SAMPEX (the Solar, Anomalous, and Magnetospheric Particles Explorer satellite) measured heavy ions via multi-detector coinci…

In India, over 200 million people live within 100 km of the coastline, and many reside in low-lying areas exposed to increasing flood risks associated with sea-level rise. However…