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Showing 6201 to 6250 of 8313 works
Process-Level Diagnostics of Marine Stratocumulus in TaiESM1: Insights into Parameterization Successes and Deficiencies
Marine stratocumulus clouds strongly influence Earth’s radiation budget by reflecting incoming solar radiation, yet many general circulation models (GCMs) struggle to simulate the…
Correlating the Impact of Mining-Related Deforestation on Surface Temperature and Precipitation Patterns in the Amazon …
The large-scale issues of mining and deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon Rainforest have emerged as critical global concerns, particularly due to their impacts on weather patter…
Irreversible Transitions of the Ocean Circulation in Antarctic Ice-Shelf Cavities
Ice shelves fringing the Antarctic continent experience low or high basal melt rates depending on local shelf conditions, ocean circulation and intensity of ice-sea-air exchanges.…
Scales, Composition, and Oceanographic Forcing of Dunes Beneath Internal Solitary Waves and Tides on the Upper Slope in…
Dunes with lengths of hundreds of meters and heights up to 16 m have been discovered on the upper slope in the South China Sea, at a site exposed to forcing by large internal soli…
Creating a Comprehensive Cryoseismic Catalog at Rhonegletscher: A Scalable Approach Using Distributed Acoustic Sensing …
Monitoring glacier dynamics is essential for understanding climate change impacts, safeguarding water resources, and protecting communities from related hazards. Distributed acous…
A Framework for Modelling Tropical Cyclone-Induced Compound Flooding of the Continental US: Demonstrated in New Orleans
Compound flooding involves the interaction of multiple flood processes (e.g., coastal, fluvial, and pluvial) and is modulated by several factors (e.g., weather, climate, topograph…
High fraction of glacial meltwater along two separate isopycnals observed in summer 2020 near and off the Pine Island a…
The proposed influence of meltwater (MW) spreading on ocean circulation off Pine Island Ice Shelf (PIIS) and the role of ocean circulation in controlling the basal melt rate via h…
Quiet New Particle Formation is a significant aerosol source in the Amazon boundary layer
The mechanisms behind new particle formation (NPF) in the Amazon have long remained elusive, with classical “banana” events being rarely observed. Here, we analysed a decade of pa…
Atmospheric Responses to a Tropical Dust Storm and Their Role in North Polar Ice Cap Reduction on Mars
Using observations from the Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) and images from the Mars Color Imager (MARCI) onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), this study identifies a suppres…
Are Himalayan sub-Moho earthquakes in the petrological mantle?
Increasing numbers of Himalayan and Tibetan earthquakes are being confirmed to originate below the Moho (recognized seismically) and have been taken to imply a brittle, seismoge…
A variational method for reconstructing and separating balanced motions and internal tides from wide-swath altimetric s…
The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission marks a major advance in observing ocean surface dynamics, providing Sea Surface Height (SSH) measurements at unpre…
Response of Magnetospheric Convection to Fast and Slow Solar Wind Streams
Solar wind-magnetosphere interaction is a major driver of global plasma convection in planetary magnetospheres. In Earth's magnetosphere, this convection is governed by magnetic r…
Interannual Sea Level Variability Amplifies Coastal Wetland Loss
Accelerating rates of global sea level rise (SLR) are a primary land loss driver today for coastal wetlands. Predictive models to anticipate rates and locations of land loss typic…
RESIdual STability (RESIST) calibration for improved hydrological model time generalizability
Hydrological models are calibrated on specific periods based on how well simulations match streamflow observations by selecting the parameter vector(s) that provide the highest ac…
May 2024 severe geomagnetic storm suppressed mid-latitude ionospheric E-region formation mechanism
The Ionospheric E-region is primarily formed during the day through the photoionization of molecular oxygen and molecular nitrogen. During the severe geomagnetic storm on May 2024…
Continuous Spatial Stress Variations within a Granitic Rock Mass: Revealed by Cross-sectional Ellipticity of an Array o…
Understanding the spatial variations of in-situ stress is crucial for optimizing subsurface resource development and mitigating geological hazards. However, due to the spatial spa…
Twenty years of global stratospheric fluorine inventories from Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spect…
We present fluorine inventories calculated for twenty years (2004–2023) and five latitude bands (82–60°N, 60–30°N, 30°N–30°S, 30–60°S, and 60–82°S) at altitudes from the surface u…
Assessing deposit-derived pyroclastic flow hazard at Stromboli (Italy): 1. Reconstruction of the dynamics of the Septem…
Stromboli volcano (Italy) is known for its continuous explosive activity punctuated by more energetic explosions called paroxysms. During paroxysms, pyroclastic density currents, …
Impact of Titan's Polar Vortex on the Transport of Chemical Species
Distributions of trace hydrocarbons in the atmosphere of Titan have been observed to possess a strong seasonality. In mid-winter, different hydrocarbons are thought to be able to …
Lunar crustal formation by melt migration and differentiation within a stagnant lid.
The lunar anorthosite highlands represent the Moon’s primary crust, which formed during the solidification of a magma ocean following the Moon-forming giant impact. However, the c…
Production and consumption of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) across the South Pacific: An Isotopic Perspective from a…
Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) is the dominant form of bioavailable nitrogen in the euphotic zone of subtropical gyres, where nitrate (NO3-) concentrations are low. However, ide…
A Swath-based Framework to Disentangle the Dynamic Contributions of Sub-daily Sea-ice Concentration Changes
Spaceborne radiometers have enabled global sea-ice distribution observations since 1979, yet design choices associated with conventional daily-averaged remote sensing products mea…
Scientific, Societal, and Spiritual Implications of Finding (or Not Finding) Life on Mars
As humanity enters a transformative era of Mars exploration—guided by NASA’s strategic Moon-to-Mars roadmap, rapid advances in commercial spaceflight capabilities, and the recent …
Characteristics of T-wave generation around submarine volcanoes
Unexpected major tsunamis have often occurred at Sumisu Caldera and Sofu Seamount, submarine volcanoes far south of Japan. Large T waves from the accompanying seismic events were …
Partitioning Ecosystem Water Fluxes into Transpiration, Surface Evaporation, and Canopy-Intercepted Evaporation Using K…
This study introduces KG-DecompNet, a knowledge-guided machine learning framework developed to partition total evapotranspiration (ET) into its primary components: transpiration (…
Autocorrelation-Based Imaging of Crustal Discontinuities including the Main Himalayan Thrust and Vp/Vs ratio in the Jam…
The Jammu and Kashmir Himalaya, located between the rupture zones of the 1905 Kangra and 2005 Kashmir earthquakes, represent a prominent ‘seismic gap’ where understanding the subs…
An Analytical Model of the Lifecycle of Tropical Anvil Cloud Radiative Effects
\received DD MMMM YYYY \acceptedDD MMMM YYYY Satellite observations and numerical simulations demonstrate the small net Cloud Radiative Effect (CRE) of tropical anvil clouds resu…
Multiple cloud feedbacks in a global model from a single perturbation experiment
We document the large range of cloud feedback that can be obtained from a single perturbation experiment run by a single atmospheric global climate model. The wide range of feedba…
Mercury Transformation in Greenland’s Thermokarst Lakes: A Combined Geochemical and Microbial Perspective
Arctic warming accelerates permafrost thaw, driving the formation of thermokarst lakes. These ecosystems alter the mercury (Hg) biogeochemical cycle, possibly leading to the forma…
Key role of deep-water observations for Probabilistic Parameter Estimation in Lake Hydrodynamic Models
Physics-based hydrodynamic models simulating lake water temperature often face challenges due to sparse observational data and equifinality, where many parameter combinations yiel…
Microplastic Contamination and Detection in Food Systems: A Review of Machine Learning, Traditional Methods, and Other …
Microplastics (MPs) are widespread contaminants in food, beverages, and drinking water, raising concerns over potential health risks. Accurate and standardized detection a signifi…
Evidence for limited atmospheric CO2 rise at the onset of the Miocene Climatic Optimum
The Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO; 16.9 – 14.7 Ma) was a relatively warm period with atmospheric CO2 averaging ~500 ppmv. However, no proxy-records are available to assess CO2 acr…
Diverging Carbon Dynamics in Engineered Ecosystems: Comparing Greenhouse Gases and DOM in Stormwater and Natural Ponds
Urban stormwater ponds (SWPs) are increasingly recognized as critical hotspots for carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling, driven by high external inputs and elevated internal produc…
Influences of Meridional SST Gradient Biases on Subsurface Temperature in the Tropical Indian Ocean: Roles of SMOC and …
The tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) exhibits persistent biases in sea surface temperature (SST) climatology across Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models, partic…
Mission Design and Early Navigation Operations for the Lunar Trailblazer Mission
Lunar Trailblazer is a smallsat mission launched on February 27th 2025 as a secondary payload with the Intuitive Machines IM-2 mission. The mission’s goal was to search and charac…
Intercomparisons of Winter Freeboards from Satellite Radar Altimetry for Antarctic Sea Ice
Sea-ice thickness is a key component of the global climate system, regulating the exchange of heat, moisture, and carbon between the atmosphere and ocean. Satellite radar altimetr…
The Application of a Snowpack Runoff Decision Support System for Rain-on-Snow Events
Accurately forecasting hydrologic outcomes of rain-on-snow (ROS) events is critical for water management and flood mitigation, not only in the western U.S., but globally. This stu…
Phosphorus in Blueberry Plants: Soil-Leaf Dynamics and Nutrient Interactions
In acidic soils suitable for blueberry cultivation, P can form insoluble compounds with aluminum and iron, reducing its availability. Blueberry plants rely on root-colonizing fung…
Bimodal PDI modeling improves parameter estimation and uncertainty reduction of hydric soils on the Tibetan Plateau Aut…
Hydric soils on the Tibetan Plateau play a crucial role in regulating alpine ecohydrological processes, yet their hydraulic properties remain insufficiently characterized due to s…
Characterizing wind-dependent low frequency ambient sound with Ocean Observatories Initiative hydrophones
This study characterizes the statistical dependence of low-frequency ambient sound on wind speed using eight years of Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) hydrophone data. Data fr…
The Structural Differences between developing and Non-developing Tropical Cyclone Seeds
We use a newly developed tropical cyclone (TC) seed tracking dataset in ERA5 to investigate how the tangential wind structure of seed differs between those that develop into TCs (…
A Shallow Reflector Beneath Krafla Volcano, NE Iceland, Detected With Seismic Migration of Local Earthquake Phases
This study explores passive reflection seismic imaging at Krafla volcano, NE Iceland. Krafla hosts a large geothermal area and is one of the few places on Earth where magma has be…
Disentangling Fine-Scale Wind and Current Contributions to Wave Height and Wave Steepness Gradients in the Gulf Stream …
The combined effects of fine‐scale wind—arising from air–sea coupling and intrinsic atmospheric dynamics—and current on sea states remain poorly understood, largely due to the sca…
Future warming of Circumpolar Deep Water linked to surface buoyancy forcing
Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) is the warmest water mass in the Southern Ocean and its transport onto the Antarctic continental shelf is the main contributor of heat to the region. …
Atlantic Water structure, variability, and fluxes into the Amerasian Basin: a first look using SODA4
Atlantic Water (AW) inflow plays a central role in Arctic Ocean warming and Atlantification, yet its transport into the Amerasian Basin remains poorly constrained. Using four ocea…
Real-Time Forecasting of Material Flow in Smart Logistics Based on a Transformer-GRU Hybrid Architecture
This study builds a hybrid network that combines the global perception ability of the Transformer with the temporal memory capability of GRU, aiming at real-time forecasting of ma…
DL4GAM: a multi-modal Deep Learning-based framework for Glacier Area Monitoring, trained and validated on the European …
Glaciers play a critical role in our society, impacting everything from sea-level rise and access to clean water to the tourism industry. Their accelerated melt represents a key i…
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