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The riverine mobilization and export of OC from different compartments of the terrestrial biosphere such as standing biomass, organic-rich surface soils and deep mineral soils hav…

As temperatures rise with climate change, water demand will likely shift in response to both environmental stress and human adaptation. Understanding how managed water systems res…

Satellite observations indicate a substantial increase in Earth’s top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiative imbalance since 2010. We estimate trends in effective radiative forcing (ERF) b…

Repeating earthquakes are nearly identical seismic events that occur reiteratively on the same fault patch with highly consistent focal mechanisms. Their magnitude-dependent recur…

Fibrosis and vascular remodeling remain critical challenges in systemic diseases, where conventional pharmacological interventions often show limited efficacy. In this study, we d…

Root biomechanics play a fundamental role in stabilizing wetland soils and sustaining coastal ecosystems under increasing environmental stress. This study investigates the tensile…

A real-time turbidity monitoring system was developed to address limitations in traditional methods by integrating advanced optical sensors with a machine learning framework. The …

The creation of topologically separated patches requires a physical mechanism to tear the electron density contours. This paper begins with common assumptions about the F-region i…

Beginning in autumn, sea ice expands into the southern Bering Sea where it remains until spring. In winter, some commercial stocks, particularly crab thrive in ice-infested areas,…

Accurate and continuous monitoring of soil water content (SWC) is critical for efficient irrigation management, particularly under variable irrigation systems. This study investig…

Climate change is increasing the magnitude and frequency of extreme weather events, leading to an increase in the economic losses from these natural disasters. Financial instituti…

The escalating pace of space exploration has ushered in a new era reminiscent of the space race of the 1960s. However, the discourse on exogeoconservation – the protection of g…

Propagating waves on the surface of the ocean can be represented as a stochastic process, whose statistics are characterized by a spectrum. Measuring the wave spectrum, and quanti…

Winter storms in the Beaufort Sea can trigger large-scale sea ice breakup, opening leads and enhancing ice mobility. These events can influence the mixed layer through various pro…

Landslide risk is traditionally predicted by process-based models with detailed assessments or point-scale attribute-based machine learning (ML) models with first-or second-order …

This study presents the first model intercomparison of aerosol-cloud-turbulence interactions in a controlled cloudy Rayleigh-Bénard Convection chamber environment, utilizing the …

Subterranean estuaries under high-energy conditions function as effective biogeochemical reactors, where waterbodies of varying physico-chemical properties mix and chemical reacti…

Trends in annual precipitation statistics are extracted from the CONUS-404 hydroclimate reanalysis for the 1993-2022 period. For the annual precipitation volume, contrasted trends…

Floods are posing increasing threats to lives, infrastructure, and ecosystems across global, continental, and regional scales, driven by intensifying hydrological extremes, agi…

Humic tropical lakes and wetlands are globally important sources of atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs). However, mechanistic insight into GHG cycling in such systems remains limi…

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a powerful greenhouse gas, with the ocean contributing ~4.2 Tg N y-1 to global N2O emissions. The Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP) is a hotspot of N2O emissio…

We present a novel theoretical framework in which the cosmological constant Λ is promoted from a fixed scalar to a dynamical thermodynamic variable emerging from the quantum micro…

Nares Strait, the channel between Ellesmere Island and northwest Greenland, connects the Arctic Ocean’s Lincoln Sea to northern Baffin Bay and onwards to the subpolar North Atlant…

Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is used to infer the subsurface resistivity structure. ERT requires solving a nonlinear inverse problem that is often approximated as linea…

Antarctic-origin abyssal waters occupy a significant volume and play a critical role in ocean circulation and ventilation. The abyssal water volume undergoes a major reduction in …

The TEX86 paleotemperature proxy is widely used to reconstruct ocean surface temperatures over the past 100 million years. However, archaeal culture experiments show that nutrient…

Recent observations from NASA’s Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and ESA’s Solar Orbiter high light the importance of Alfvén waves in solar coronal heating and accelerating the solar wind…

Fruit and vegetable supply is essential for a healthy diet, yet their vulnerability to climate risks is often overlooked, particularly in terms of cross-border risks. In this stud…

This study presents a high-resolution seismic tomography model of the subduction zone beneath the Atacama segment in northern Chile, based on over 8,800 seismic events detected us…

Accurately assessing tropical cyclone (TC) flood risk requires capturing the dynamic interactions between rainfall-driven and coastal flood processes. We simulate flooding from ov…

Planktonic foraminifera are instrumental in reconstructing paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic conditions. However, preferential dissolution can significantly bias both assembl…

Ultra-Low-Frequency (ULF) waves cause local Thermosphere-Ionosphere (T-I) perturbations, but their impacts on the global T-I system including the generation of Travelling Atmosphe…

In 2023, Canada experienced its worst wildfire season on record, releasing carbon emissions and contributing to extreme air pollution in northeastern United States. This study inv…

This article reports some corrections to the numbers presented in Tables 1 and A1 of the published article entitled “New Views of Lunar Seismicity Brought by Analysis of Newly Dis…

North American cold spells (NA CS) co-occurring with European wind extremes, known as Pan-Atlantic compound extremes, can arise from diverse dynamical pathways. This study investi…

We integrated the bimodal-PDI scheme into the Community Land Model (CLM5) for Tibetan wetland sites. Benchmark simulations using in-situ soil moisture networks and eddy covariance…

Tides can modify sea surface height by several meters, yet their representation in models remains imperfect, largely owing to errors in simulating tidal energy loss. In the open o…

Semeru (Indonesia) is a persistent eruptive volcano, but its volcanic activity remains poorly constrained. Here we used a combination of different remote sensing data to improv…

Mantle-derived magma flux has a first-order control on long-term volcanic productivity, volatile cycling, and crustal growth in convergent margins. Yet, the factors controlling it…

The development of harmonized, standardized, and integrated environmental observation systems is a key challenge in Earth system science and essential for advancing interdisciplin…

Each year during the Asian summer monsoon, a distinct aerosol layer known as the Asian Tropopause Aerosol Layer (ATAL) forms in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. So …

We observed a terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF) shortly after the return stroke in a positive cloud-to-ground (+CG) flash during a 2025 winter thunderstorm in the Hokuriku region …

Image-based phenotyping represents an innovative approach in breeding research, allowing rapid and reliable measurements that aid in decision-making. This study used image analysi…

Uncertainty in anthropogenic forcing driven by aerosol-cloud interactions (aci) limits our ability to infer the sensitivity of the Earth system to forcing from historical records.…

Reservoirs play a critical role in water management, yet comprehensive and real-time observations of reservoir storage change remain limited, especially outside the U.S. Observati…

Oceanic intrinsic processes can drive chaotic sea level variations over the global ocean, which are superimposed on those associated with atmospheric variability (forced variabili…

Surface self-potential (SP) measurements provide a promising tool for monitoring deep fluid injections, yet quantitative modeling of SP signals remains challenging due to the comp…