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Showing 5951 to 6000 of 8313 works
Eddy-induced iron transport sustains the biological productivity in the Gulf of Alaska
The surface waters of the subarctic northeastern Pacific Ocean contain high concentrations of macro-nutrients such as phosphate and nitrate, which can potentially drive the photos…
Identifying the state dependence of effective material properties in a simplified hydrologic hillslope model
Accurate representation of closure relationships—such as subsurface storage-discharge—is essential for hydrologic modeling at the hillslope scale but remains challenging due to th…
Continental-Scale Machine-Learning Classification of Arctic Glacial Landscapes using Simple Morphometrics
Landscapes formed by glacial erosion have previously been classified based on qualitative interpretation of geomorphic evidence, using aerial photography and field study. In the c…
A Multiscale Approach to Simulate Multiphase Non-Isothermal Flow in Deformable Porous Materials
Coupled thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, and chemical (THMC) processes in porous materials play important roles in several energy and environmental engineering applications. The …
Tropical cirrus lifetime estimated from balloon-borne lidar observations
Tropical tropopause layer (TTL) cirrus clouds play a key role in the Earth climate system. Yet the relative role of the various processes shaping them remains poorly known. Charac…
The influence of subglacial water laden sediments on ice shelf basal melting
The grounding zone, where glaciers transition to floating ice shelves, is a key region of influence on ice sheet mass loss, but is poorly observed and thus understood. While tides…
Can a Single Sounding Predict the Weather? An AI Downscaling Framework for Local-Circulation-Dominated Flow over Comple…
Typical AI downscaling models ingest large datasets, obscuring physical insight and straining computational resources. Guided by meteorological theory, a compact yet physically in…
Early Career Critical Zone Science Workshop Outcomes
Critical Zone (CZ) science investigates the interconnected processes occurring from the top of the vegetation canopy to the base of the groundwater. Recognizing the need to foster…
Projections of Sea Level Rise are Highly Sensitive to the Viscous Flow Law Parameters
Glacier flow plays a major role in current and future rates of globally averaged sea-level rise, and is largely controlled by the viscosity of ice. The viscosity of glacial ice de…
Connecting Mixing to Upwelling along the Ocean's Sloping Boundary
Deep-ocean upwelling, driven by small-scale turbulence, plays a key role in climate by regulating the ocean’s capacity to sequester heat and carbon. Recent theoretical studies hav…
Dual-Functional Biomimetic Nanoclusters for Sustained Antifibrotic Therapy and Vascular Protection in Fibrosis Manageme…
Fibrosis represents a critical pathological hallmark underlying multiple chronic diseases, yet conventional pharmacological interventions are hampered by limited bioavailability, …
Nonlinear transport across the Bering Strait with sill depth shoaling
At ~50m deep, the Bering Strait is the only direct connection between the Pacific and Arctic Oceans and allows for significant transport of fresh water and heat to the Arctic. Tho…
Characterizing Explosive Volcanic Eruptions: A Passive Microwave Satellite Approach
We explore the potential of Passive Microwave (PMW) sensors for analyzing volcanic ash plumes from explosive eruptions. Utilizing data from the Global Precipitation Measurement (G…
Statistical Investigations of the Radial IMF Component Impact on the Magnetotail Current Sheet Structure of Mars: MAVEN…
In this study, we investigated the role of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientation in controlling the location and structure of the current sheet (CS) in the Martian magne…
From Fault Ruptures to Atmospheric Perturbations: Examining the 2016 Norcia Seismic Sequence
This study examines the 2016 Central Italy seismic sequence, analyzing the relationship between static displacement fields and seismically induced atmospheric perturbations, speci…
Integrated Application of CRNS and PDI Model: From Monitoring to Modeling
An integrated framework combining CRNS monitoring and PDI-based modeling was developed to enhance soil water estimation in alpine catchments. Field experiments in two small basins…
Spatio-temporal patterns and drivers of high-impact precipitation events in the European Alps (1961-2022)
High-impact precipitation events (HIPEs) in mountainous regions are frequently associated with severe flooding, landslides, and significant impacts on infrastructure and human saf…
S2G-DI: A Deep Learning Framework for Generating High-Resolution Wind Gust Fields from Sparse Mesonet Observations
The growing deployment of surface observational networks (so-called Mesonets) has the potential to transform many sectors, such as agriculture, water resource management, renewabl…
The Dependence of Moist Vortex Intensification on Convection-Induced Moisture Distribution and Low-level Inflow: Insigh…
This study proposes a novel idealized experimental design to investigate the process by which convection clusters transition into tropical cyclone seeds (TC seeds), with a particu…
Whitecaps, bubbles and advection: Insights from concurrent measurements in the open ocean.
Field measurements of breaking waves and bubble depths were obtained using a stereo video system collocated with a submerged acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) in the centra…
Influence of composite rheology and water on planetary dynamics
Many aspects of solid Earth's evolution such as crustal growth, tectonic regime and the onset of plate tectonics remain debated. Here, the influence of composite rheology and wate…
Soil organic matter stabilization by polyvalent cations in a buried alkaline soil
Buried paleosols can store large quantities of organic carbon (C), much of which persists for millennia due to isolation from surface processes that promote decomposition. Subsoil…
Bridge Between Quantum and Classical Bremsstrahlung
This article uses a formula for Action, the path that minimizes energy, which can be written in the Lagrangian form as $ \int (T-V) dt$, which has a solution of a whole number mul…
Opportunistic Short-term Compensatory Water Uptake by Subalpine Trees Observed via in situ Water Isotope Measurements
Variations in tree water sources are important to understand in semi-arid ecosystems because climatic shifts towards lower snowpack and increased drought affect water availabil…
Rate effects and apparent time-dependent strength of landslide shear zones
Landslides, earthflows, and volcano slope failures often initiate along shear zones containing gouge layers similar to those in tectonic faults, yet their near-surface frictional …
Uncertainty in Estimating the Relative Change of Design Floods under Climate Change: a Stylized Experiment with Process…
The resilience of water systems to future hydrology depends on reliable projections of hydrological change. Process-based and, more recently, machine learning-based hydrological m…
Interaction of Ocean Currents and Seamounts: Role of Bottom Topography Around Atlantis II
This work investigates through a modeling exercise the interaction of a strong, varying current with a seamount, focusing on the Gulf Stream and Atlantis II, one of the New Englan…
Compound Drivers of Rising Ozone Extremes in the North China Plain (2013-2023): Aerosol Decline, Hot Droughts, Afforest…
Over the past decade (2013–2023), PM2.5 levels in eastern China have dropped by ~70% due to air pollution controls, yet ground-level ozone (O3) has risen by 1–3 ppbv/yr, especiall…
Runaway Cooling from Large Solar Reductions Modulated by Ocean Overturning Circulation and Heat Uptake
The climate system can respond asymmetrically to warming and cooling, yet this asymmetry remains underexplored. This study uses multi-century experiments with two coupled global c…
The effects of late Pleistocene sea-level fluctuations and sediment transport processes on the sequestration of fresh a…
Offshore Freshened Groundwater (OFG) is regarded as a significant albeit non-renewable unconventional water resource stored within continental shelves. While meteoric recharge dur…
Weather Regime Diversity, Transitions, and Trends using Hexagonal Self-Organizing Maps
Persistent atmospheric circulation patterns, or weather regimes, strongly modulate surface weather and extremes, yet their internal diversity, transitions, and trends remain less …
Soil Structure and Mixing Controls on Water-Rock Contact: Implications for Enhanced Weathering
Enhanced weathering (EW)—the addition of finely ground silicate rock powder to soils—has emerged as a promising nature-based carbon removal strategy. However, quantifying weatheri…
Unsupervised Neural and Statistical Clustering for Scalable Rainfall Estimation in Data-Sparse Regions
Accurate rainfall information underpins land-surface water budgets, extreme-weather analyses, and climate-model evaluation. Yet in many parts of the world, rain-gauge networks are…
Global Parameter Sensitivity in Forecast-Informed Reservoir Operations using Model Predictive Control
Hydrologic forecasts have demonstrated considerable benefits for flood risk reduction and water supply operations in specific basins. However, it remains unclear how these benefit…
Precipitation Efficiency by Storm Type in Km-scale Climate Simulations and Satellite Observations
Precipitation efficiency (PE), the fraction of cloud condensate converted into surface precipitation, is a key metric for understanding Earth’s hydroclimate but has been challengi…
Emergence of uncompensable heat stress during monsoon season in India
Uncompensable heat stress (UHS)—characterized by the loss of homeostasis due to excessive environmental thermal loading—causes substantial mortality in India. However, the spatial…
Community Voices on the Future of Radiation Belt Research: A Summary of the 2024 GEM Radiation Belt Focus Group Round-T…
This commentary summarizes key insights from a round-table discussion organized by the “System Understanding of Radiation Belt Particle Dynamics through Multi-Spacecraft and Groun…
Evaluation of GFSv16 for near-real-time data impact studies during the Atmospheric River Reconnaissance Program 2022
• GFSv16 was run on a university computer to assess the impacts of dropsonde data on forecasts of atmospheric rivers (ARs). • Data denial experiment demonstrated an overall improv…
Coupled ice sheet structure and bedrock geology in the deep interior of East Antarctica: Results from Dome A and the So…
The deep interior of the East Antarctic Ice sheet likely contains important records of climate and ice sheet evolution. Here we report on a recent aerogeophysical survey of the s…
Climate Change and its effects on Agriculture: Uzanee Mouza
Climate change is no longer a distant danger-this is a current reality such as redeveloping ecosystems, economies and society. For Bangladesh is a country located in the center of…
Observed and modeled amplification of the frequency, duration, and extreme heat impacts of the Pacific trough regime
The large-scale atmospheric circulation is a key driver for regional climate extremes, yet its response to anthropogenic forcing remains uncertain. The Pacific trough (PT) regime …
Latitudinal Distribution of Atmospheric Radiocarbon over the Southern Ocean Driven by Ocean Upwelling
The Southern Ocean is a key anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) sink, yet the processes governing the rate of uptake remain only partly understood. We use observations of radiocarb…
Investigating Geomagnetic Disturbances in the Expansion Phase of Strong Substorms
This study advances space weather forecasting by investigating geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) triggered during rapid decreases in the SuperMAG Auroral Electrojet Lower (SML) inde…
Evaluating the Reliability of Grain-size-Sorted Sediments for Organic Biomarker Analysis
Organic and inorganic geochemical proxies are fundamental for interpreting past climate variability. For inorganic analysis, marine sediments are often size sorted to isolate fora…
Statistical Properties of Solar Wind Parameters Driving Relativistic Electron Precipitation
We analyze the solar wind (SW) properties associated with relativistic electron precipitation (REP) observed at low-Earth orbit (LEO). A statistical analysis is performed on the S…
Heatwave Dynamics in Bangladesh: Long-Term Trends and Contributing Factors.
Bangladesh, with 170 million people, faces deadly heatwaves due to high temperatures, humidity, poor socioeconomic conditions, and lack of air conditioning. Heatwaves significantl…
How high is too high? Freezing level height as an essential indicator of glacier-climate regime shifts
Tropical glaciers are rapidly retreating under anthropogenic climate warming, posing significant hydrological, ecological, and socio-environmental risks. In this commentary, I sho…
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