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Dust devils are a weather phenomenon in which lofted particles become charged through triboelectrification, generating electromagnetic fields. These pose hazards for electronic eq…

The uncertainty of the analysis and the error growth of the forecast from two of the best prediction systems based on radar data assimilation are studied to determine how close we…

Methyl chloroform (MCF) is a synthetic ozone-depleting substance used as an industrial solvent. Its primary sink is reaction with the hydroxyl radical (OH), making it a key tracer…

Sea surface mean square slope and rain rate measurements from the NOAA Wide Swath Radar Altimeter (WSRA) were used to investigate the impact of both wind speed and rain on the oce…

In the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0, technologies have made a breakthrough into numerous fields, signifying a transformative integration of technologies to enhance productivit…

Insolation forcing at the top of the atmosphere is widely-used in paleoceanographic and paleoclimatological studies. In paleoclimate simulations, it must reflect Earth’s orbital h…

A recent report released by the Department of Energy concludes that U.S. tide-gauge data in aggregate provide no evidence for relative sea-level (RSL) acceleration above the histo…

Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) is a native fruit crop of North America, gaining global popularity in production due to its distinct flavor and potential health benefits. …

The British Paleogene Igneous Province (61 to 55 Ma) records the paleomagnetic field at a key period in Earth's history following the end of Cretaceous Normal Superchron, when the…

We implemented in GFDL’s global atmospheric model a parameterization for convective gravity waves, which explicitly describes the wave source based on the latent heating rates fro…

Model precipitation biases in the southeast Pacific Ocean intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) are often tied to the underestimation of stratocumulus (Sc) and shallow cumulus (Cu…

Turbidites have been widely studied as indicators of the occurrences and magnitudes of paleo-tsunamis and paleo-earthquakes. Inversion to estimate the flow conditions from turbidi…

Humanity have become a dominant force in shaping the state of the Earth system and pushed it into the Anthropocene. Global environmental issues intertwined with traditional social…

Mercury (Hg) concentrations in continental hydrothermal systems vary over six orders of magnitude across multiple tectonic settings. Sources include mantle fluids, remobilized con…

Askja is a large central volcano in the Northern Volcanic Zone (NVZ) of Iceland which last erupted effusively in 1961 and subsequently experienced steady deflation from the 1970s …

The South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ) is a dominant feature of South Pacific climate variability. Sensitivity of the SPCZ to changes in mean climate is investigated for a set …

The Antarctic Slope Current (ASC) is often considered a barrier to the poleward transport of Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW), yet its vast extent has hindered circumpolar analysis of…

Stream temperature influences aquatic ecosystem health, species distribution, and water quality. In snow-dominated watersheds, rain-on-snow (ROS) events regulate stream temperatur…

Enhanced weathering and biochar application on working lands show promising signs of delivering durable carbon dioxide removal required to meet internationally agreed upon climate…

Gravity waves in the thermosphere of Mars are complex and variable phenomena capable of causing significant changes to processes in the upper atmosphere of Mars, which can affect …

Water pollution is a critical constraint to water security, impacting natural environment and reducing the resilience of infrastructure. Conventional approaches, often focused on …

This study provides a kinematic explanation for why facies interfaces dominate solute transport in heterogeneous aquifers. Using flow and transport simulations, we apply kinematic…

The failure of a bridge can bring the communication between two regions to a standstill, severely affecting the economic activity, and loss of life and property in extreme cases. …

Back-propagating earthquakes, characterized by a secondary front reversing into previously ruptured regions, have been recently documented due to advances in seismological techniq…

The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) exerts a strong control on interannual length-of-day variations, but its imprint on polar motion excitation remains to be identified. We ex…

Drought is one of the most widespread and disruptive natural hazards globally, with environmental and societal effects that may increase psychological distress. Yet, its associati…

The Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) and its follow-on mission, GRACE-FO, have observed global mass changes and transports, expressed as terrestrial water storage a…

Seasonal land motion can be caused by processes above the surface or underground. These processes often are linked to natural changes in the hydrological cycle. Seasonal deformati…

The Nile Delta is among the world’s most vulnerable coasts, facing intensified shoreline retreat from sea level rise, subsidence, sediment decline, and human interventions. Whil…

This study presents a large-scale mapping framework for identifying and characterizing periodic decameter aeolian landforms on Mars using CTX mosaics and machine learning. To test…

[1]¿p#1 Extratropical and Arctic cyclones regulate mid-to-high-latitude climate through the transport of heat, moisture, and momentum, yet their long-term behavior beyond the w…

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are large structures of magnetised plasma ejected from the Sun’s atmosphere into the heliosphere. The interaction of CMEs with the ambient solar wind…

The viscous-plastic equations (VPE) of sea-ice dynamics and some of their variants are arguably the most widely used model to track the evolution of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice i…

Soil loss due to erosion is a widespread problem in agricultural landscapes. However, a scarcity of long-term datasets and lack of reliable models challenge our understanding of t…

Mixing-limited reactions in unsaturated porous media are controlled by complex pore-scale processes arising from air and water phases coexistence. Decreasing water saturation incr…

We present a novel experimental approach based on 3D printing and X-ray computed tomography to characterize fracture aperture distribution and evolution in 3D fracture networks un…

Mesoscale and submesoscale features with Rossby and Richardson numbers near unity indicate a breakdown of geostrophic balance. This gives rise to ageostrophic flows that drive cir…

The Arctic is a rapidly changing region, warming faster than the rest of the planet, and experiencing dramatic sea ice loss. Sea ice melt is one of the sources of Arctic Ocean fre…

Warming temperatures are causing an uphill shift of the rain-snow transition zone, reducing snow at lower elevations. However, a warmer atmosphere can retain and transport more mo…

Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) pose a major risk to power systems, yet drivers of mid-latitude large GICs remain elusive. Using the operational GIC data from North Americ…

This article uses a formula for Action, the path that minimizes energy, which can be written in the Lagrangian form as $ \int (T-V) dt$, which has a solution of a whole number mul…

Proxy records of past climates that reflect shifts in precipitation stable isotopes have yielded powerful insights into regional hydroclimate dynamics. Spatial networks of proxy r…

NASA's ICESat-2 mission was launched in 2018 carrying a photon-counting laser altimeter, with a primary objective of measuring height changes across Earth's surface. ICESat-2 has …

Transitions between energy-limited, water-limited, and transitional evapotranspiration regimes are central to understanding land–atmosphere interactions and climate impacts. While…

Water and fertilizer significantly impact potato growth and yield, necessitating an efficient field supply system. This study examined the effects of irrigation and fertigation on…

Tropical cyclone (TC) rainfall poses a significant threat to coastal regions, particularly in the near-storm region, where the inner core’s strongest convection occurs. Temporal v…

Coastal radar system are located around the world and many happen to transmit at frequencies capable of skywave propagation via the ionosphere. Therefore, they can be detected hun…