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Showing 5451 to 5500 of 8313 works
Supershear Rupture Along the Sagaing Fault Superhighway: The 2025 Myanmar Earthquake
The 28 March 2025 𝑀w 7.7 Myanmar earthquake on the Sagaing fault caused widespread building collapses and over 3,800 fatalities, as well as strong shaking in Bangkok. High-frequen…
Assessing the Effectiveness of Baseflow Separation Methods
This work aims to assess the applicability of three graphical and seven recursive digital filters and evaluate them for differentiating base flow. Different approaches were chosen…
A Comprehensive Review on Crop Simulation Modeling: Emerging Practices and Challenges
Increasing global temperatures and climate variability are significantly altering crop patterns and yields. Monitoring these changes across large areas presents practical challeng…
Secondary Impact Craters on Venus
Counting meteor impact craters is the main method of estimating a planetary surface’s age. However, contamination from secondary craters—created by impact ejecta—can lead to inacc…
Local Sea Surface Temperatures Modulate the Occurrence of Heavy Rainfall Events in the Galápagos Archipelago
Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall events (HRE) globally. In the Galápagos Islands, HREs have caused severe impacts, yet their oc…
Geochemical study and geochronology of the S-type granites in the Northwestern Jiangxi Province, East China: Implicatio…
The Yifeng lithium ore field hosts a variety of granite-related Li deposits for its multi-phase magmatic activity and associated rare-metal mineralization, making it a natural lab…
A turbulence-informed parameterization of phase partitioning in stratiform mixed-phase clouds for the ICOLMDZ model
High-latitude clouds, present over the Arctic Ocean, the Southern Ocean and the Antarctic continent, are very often. Despite being essential for the climate of the poles, they rem…
HARNESSING ALLELIC VARIATION TO ENHANCE PROTEIN CONTENT AND IMPROVE AMINO ACID PROFILES IN FOOD LEGUMES
Agriculture is facing unprecedented challenges to meet the growing demand for safe and nutritious foods. Wide-spread malnutrition in global south could be minimized by including l…
ScS reverberations map widespread subducted slab stagnation in the Mantle Transition Zone
Earth’s mantle transition zone (MTZ) is a region of substantial transformations in the structure and composition of rocks. The mineralogical phase changes, observed seismically as…
Including Atmospheric Backscatter Effects in Modeling of EMIC Wave-Driven Precipitation
Pitch-angle diffusion is a key mechanism driving radiation belt electron loss into the atmosphere. However, traditional bounce-averaged models, which assume complete atmospheric a…
Probabilistic Hydroclimate Emulation with a Digital Twin Technology for Land Surface Model Ensembles
The ensemble size for Earth-system model experiments is often low due to computational and data-storage limitations. However, uncertainty quantification for science and applicatio…
A top-down view of global and regional carbon budgets from an ensemble of atmospheric inversions
Atmospheric inversions provide surface CO₂ flux estimates, based on in situ observed atmospheric CO₂ mole fractions or satellite-based column average CO₂ (XCO₂). Results from such…
The Asian Summer Monsoon Chemical and Climate Impact Project (ACCLIP): An Overview
• A two-research aircraft field campaign successfully investigated the Asian summer monsoon as a chemical transport system • Research flights over East Asia and northwestern Pacif…
Multi-spacecraft observations of energy-dependent SEP Fe/O abundances during the May 2024 superstorm
During mid-May 2024, active region (AR) 13664 produced a series of M- and X-class flares along with several coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that resulted in exceptionally strong aur…
Micromagnetic Simulations of Chemical Remanent Magnetization Acquisition of Single-vortex Magnetite Particles
Magnetic minerals can preserve ancient magnetic records through remanent magnetization. While thermoremanent magnetization (TRM) in volcanic rocks is well-studied, chemical remane…
Solar storms as a key driver of Antarctic upper stratospheric ozone variability pre- and post-CFC era
As concentrations of ozone depleting substances (ODSs) continue to decline, variability of Antarctic ozone remains an important issue. While the ozone hole is now recovering, larg…
Quantifying Tropical Cyclone Vertical Mass Flux in Convection-Permitting Model Simulations
Vertical mass flux (MF) describes the rate at which air and water vapor move upward or downward in an atmospheric column. MF is related to cloud and precipitation formation. This …
High-Resolution Channel Geometry Reveals Contrasting Styles of Gravel River Adjustment
Rivers self-organize to convey water and sediment, giving rise to robust downstream scaling between channel geometry and drainage area, underpinning landscape evolution models. Ho…
SWOT enhances small-scale eddy detection in the Mediterranean Sea
Ocean currents are crucial in regulating Earth’s climate, with a significant impact in the distribution of ocean properties. During the Calibration/Validation phase of the Surf…
Contribution of Urochloa as off-season crop to mitigate the water stress and soil compaction for soybean root growth
A third crop using cover plants may be a sustainable strategy to enhance diversification in no-tillage systems and mitigate soil compaction. This study aimed to evaluate the perfo…
Evaluating Mean State Cloud Properties in the Simple Cloud-Resolving E3SM Atmosphere Model
Accurately simulating clouds remains a key challenge in global climate models, primarily because cloud formation involves sub-grid processes that are parameterized and crudely rep…
Beyond Waste: Transforming Manure into a Resource Through Integrated Systems
Intensification of U.S. livestock production, generating an estimated 1.4 billion tons per year of manure from nearly 10 billion animals, presents both a nutrient resource and an …
Imprint of minute hydrocarbon seepage on solid phase and pore water geochemistry in organic-poor subseafloor sediment
In marine environments, small hydrocarbon (HC) fluxes through organic-poor sediments are often fully degraded by microorganisms before reaching the seabed. Yet, these fluxes influ…
Statistical Study on the Lower Mesospheric and Upper Stratospheric Ozone Changes Observed by Aura MLS Satellite During …
Solar eclipse events (SEs) provide an excellent natural experiment for the response of the middle atmosphere to short-term changes in solar radiation. For this study, we quantify …
Atmospheric specifications for infrasound studies. Part 1: operational analyses
Operational analysis products issued by weather services are needed for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty’s (CTBT) infrasound monitoring activities. They provide atmospher…
Stochastic weather generation for scenario-neutral impact assessments using simulation-based inference
Scenario-neutral and robust adaptation methods assess the vulnerability of climate-sensitive systems against a range of plausible climate conditions, independent of the socioecono…
A fast analytical model for the complete radial structure of tropical cyclone low-level wind field
• Tropical cyclone structure can be divided into three parts: inner and outer cores, and far outer region based on different dominant physics. • A fast analytical model for comple…
Quantitative Analysis of Relative Humidity Effects on Atmospheric Visibility in Chengdu, a Megacity in the Sichuan Basin
Despite substantial PM2.5 reductions since 2013, haze events remain frequent in Chengdu, a Sichuan Basin megacity with persistently high relative humidity (RH). This study first e…
Non-isothermal models in unsaturated soils for predicting soil water retention behaviors
Non-isothermal soil water retention behavior plays fundamental role in understanding moisture dynamics in the vadose zone, yet its governing mechanisms remain poorly constrained. …
A Data-Driven Explainable Framework for Diagnosing Cluster Assignments of Right-Moving Tornadic Supercell Soundings
This study demonstrates an explainable machine learning framework for explicitly selecting important environmental features that determine clusters of right-moving tornadic superc…
Deep learning models for ASCAT soil moisture retrieval: Part I - Methodologies and sub-daily analysis
Recent advances in deep learning offer new opportunities for enhancing soil moisture (SM) retrieval from satellite observations. In this study, we investigate the potential of neu…
Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Offshore Tsunami Data Assimilation
In recent years, offshore tsunami observation networks equipped with ocean bottom pressure gauges (OBPGs), such as S-net, DONET, and N-net, have been deployed around Japan, enabli…
Nonsymmetric seismic moment tensors and seismic torques: Theory and application to caldera collapse earthquakes at Kīla…
We derive a novel seismic representation theorem for nonelastic dynamics in an arbitrarily shaped 3D volume enclosed by a surface 𝑺, building on Burridge et al. (1993) and extendi…
Observational study of the lightning activity of ‘‘Relámpago del Catatumbo’’ from 2014 to 2024
The "Relámpago del Catatumbo" is a striking phenomenon that occurs over Lake Maracaibo, where the most intense lightning activity on the planet takes place. In this work, we exten…
Data-based estimates of ocean carbon uptake biased high from neglect of submonthly atmospheric pressure variability
Current estimates of the global ocean carbon sink based on measurements of CO2 fugacity are inconsistent with those obtained from global ocean biogeochemistry models. Here we inve…
Toward generative machine learning for boosting ensembles of climate simulations
Ensemble prediction is crucial for reliable estimation of uncertainty in climate predictions to inform decision making. In face of limited computing power, climate modelers need t…
New Fit for the O+-O Collision Frequency Including Fine Structure Effects
A new fit is presented for the oxygen ion-neutral collision frequency nu in . The fit explicitly depends on the neutral temperature T n , which characterizes the thermal distribut…
Simulating Aedes Mosquito Habitats for Climate-informed Dengue Forecasting
The mosquito-borne disease dengue is dependent on climate, in part because of the climate sensitivities of its Aedes mosquito vectors. These climate–dengue associations are levera…
A First of Its Kind: The Extended Autonomous Deployment of the Autosub Long Range with Dual pH Sensors
For the first time, the Autosub Long Range (ALR) has completed a fully autonomous, long-distance scientific mission. The ALR was equipped with a suite of oceanographic sensors inc…
Flood Impacts on Individual Well-Being: Insights from a Post-Event Survey Across Differently Exposed Groups in Marche R…
In Europe, current flood risk assessment practices often rely on the number of directly exposed residents as a proxy of the overall flood impact on people, thereby overlooking the…
The Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 3. Part II: Overview of the coupled system
The Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 3 (E3SMv3) represents the latest advancement in Earth system modeling developed by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to address cr…
What’s Next For Snow: Insights from the NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program Community Snow Meeting
Earth's snow cover strongly influences the climate system and represents an important resource for agricultural, industrial, and domestic water use. The last decade of snow-focuse…
A Framework for the Evaluation of Flood Inundation Predictions Over Extensive Benchmark Databases
Accurate Flood Inundation Mapping (FIM) is essential for forecasting and evaluation. Traditional pixel-based approaches can be time-intensive and error-prone. Here, we introduced …
Leveraging the Atmospheric River Framework to Categorize Top-Decile Precipitation Regimes in Colorado
This study investigated four top-decile precipitation regimes in Colorado (CO) using a k-means clustering approach. Two cool-season regimes featured northwesterly and southwesterl…
On the biases of empirical riverine gas transfer velocity models at high submergence
Quantifying gas transfer velocity in rivers, a key step in characterising riverine ecosystems, carbon cycling, and greenhouse gas emissions, typically relies on empirical or semi-…
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