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The impacts of renewable energy shifting, passenger car electrification, and lightweighting through 2050 on the atmospheric concentrations of PM2.5 total mass, Fe, Cu, and Zn, and…

Understanding the partitioning of snow and rain contributing to either catchment streamflow or evapotranspiration (ET) is of critical relevance for water management in response to…

During geomagnetically active times, Joule heating in the Lower Thermosphere - Ionosphere is a significant energy source, greatly affecting density, temperature, composition and c…

Soil moisture influences near-surface air temperature by partitioning downwelling radiation into latent and sensible heat fluxes, through which dry soils generally lead to highe…

We use Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) trace gas measurements to investigate whether water vapor (H2O) injected into the stratosphere by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) eru…

Rivers and lakes are intrinsically connected waterbodies yet they are rarely used to hydrologically constrain one another with remote sensing. Here we begin to bridge the gap betw…

Many communities coexist with wildfires that can lead to loss of lives, property, and ecosystem services. The increasing usage of remote sensing tools to aid disaster response and…

Irrigation expansion is often posed as a promising option to enhance food security. Here, we assess the influence of expansion of irrigation, primarily in rural areas of the conti…

In this paper we will present a new mass scale law of the universe. First from the Dimensionless unification of the fundamental interactions we will find the formulas for the Plan…

The WIVERN (WInd VElocity Radar Nephoscope) mission, currently under the Phase-0 of the ESA Earth Explorer program, promises to provide new insight in the coupling between winds a…

Directional discontinuities (DDs) are defined as abrupt changes of the magnetic field orientation. We use observations from ESA’s Cluster mission to compile a database of events: …

Algorithms to determine regions of interest in large or highly complex and nonlinear data is becoming increasingly important. Novel methodologies from computer science and dynamic…

Magnetic reconnection occurs in turbulent plasmas like shock transition regions, while its exact role in energy dissipation therein is not yet clear. We perform a 2D particle-in-c…

Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) has been proposed as a possible complementary solution to limit global warming and its societal consequences. However, the climate impacts of…

Global estimates of mesoscale vertical velocity remain poorly constrained due to a historical lack of adequate observations on the spatial and temporal scales needed to measure th…

This study explores the impact of deep ( >5 m) critical zone (CZ) architecture on vegetation distribution in a semi-arid snow-dominated climate. Utilizing seismic refraction surve…

Enigmatic is a word that often comes up in discussions about Proterozoic molar tooth carbonate structures (MTS). But when unusual features such as these are common in rocks of a p…

Over 18 years of satellite data from Multi-Angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) and 14 years from Global Navigation Satellite System-radio occultation (GNSS-RO), with ERA5 reana…

The Amundsen Sea Embayment in West Antarctica is experiencing the most rapid mass loss and grounding line retreat in Antarctica. Its glaciers are vulnerable to retreat through mar…

The lack of precursory signals at some volcanic eruptions could be due to the analysis performed which failed to capture subtle changes. We have developed a new technique, “Subtle…

Intense atmosphere-ocean-ice interactions in the Ross Sea play a vital role in global overturning circulation by supplying saline and dense shelf waters. Since the 1960s, fresheni…

Fluids with different densities often coexist in subsurface fractures and lead to variable-density flows that control subsurface processes such as seawater intrusion, contaminant …

Moisture transport in summer induces annual precipitation peak over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) thus being one crucial sustentation of water cycle between the TP and its surrounding …

We examine tropical rainfall from Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory’s Atmosphere Model version 4 (GFDL AM4) at three horizontal resolutions of 100 km, 50 km, and 25 km. The mo…

Typhoons are known to substantially influence the coastal circulation and the associated biogeochemical processes. The transport of Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW), an important so…

We report observations of Rayleigh waves that orbit around Mars up to three times following the S1222a marsquake. Averaging these signals, we find the largest amplitude signals at…

Freshwater marshes are prevalent and important stores of carbon. They bury carbon in deeper soils, although reported rates of carbon accumulation are significantly higher over rec…

It is unclear why two-phase fluid flows in porous media develop a series of fluid displacement patterns. This study treats a two-phase flow system as an open thermodynamical syste…

Ocean ventilation translates atmospheric forcing into the ocean interior. The Southern Ocean is an important ventilation site for heat and carbon and is likely to influence the ou…

Research on the analysis of the source mechanism of the mainshock and aftershock events of the May 27, 2006, Yogyakarta earthquake, which is thought to have originated from the Op…

We examined two tear faults, namely, Nos. 4 and 7 Faults, in Tarim Basin to investigate how a tear fault penetrates the salt layer. Using high-quality seismic data, we showed that…

Fine particulate matter with a size less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) is increasing due to economic growth, air pollution, and forest fires in some states in the United States. Although pr…

The moist processes of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 models are assessed using moisture mode theory-based diagnostics ov…

Equilibrium climate sensitivity - ECS - is easily-understood, has been studied for over 150 years and is therefore appealing as a metric for communication of climate model results…

Process modeling of aerosol-cloud interaction is essential to bridging gaps between observational analysis and climate modeling of aerosol effects in the Earth system and eventual…

Upward lightning (UL) has become a major threat to the growing number of wind turbines producing renewable electricity. It can be much more destructive than downward lightning due…

Discharge of groundwater-derived pollutants to inland and marine coastal waters is influenced by the transport and reactive processes occurring in nearshore aquifers. The effect o…

Studying tropical hydroclimate and productivity change in the past is critical for understanding global climate dynamics. Northwest Australia is an ideal location for investigatin…

Biomass burning smoke aerosols exhibit complex impacts on the temperature profile of the atmosphere and cloud development. Central Africa is a region where smoke aerosols are cons…

The water vapor transport in the extratropics is mainly organized in narrow elongated filaments. These filaments are referred to with a variety of names depending on the contexts.…

Ocean swell activities excite body-wave microseisms that contain information on the Earth's internal structure. Although seismic interferometry is feasible for exploring structure…

A novel quantum algorithm for solving the Boltzmann-Maxwell equations of the 6D collisionless plasma is proposed. The equation describes the kinetic behavior of plasma particles i…

The Nyasa/ Malawi rift is characterized by poor magma with relatively large earthquakes. There has been a controversy as to the stress kinematics of the rift, some considering it …

As high-resolution global coverage cannot easily be achieved by direct bathymetry, the use of gravity data is an alternative method to predict seafloor topography. Currently, the …

The Paleo-Tethys and Panthalassa are two major oceans that witnessed the end-Permian mass extinction, and they have been suggested to have distinct compositions, with the Paleo-Te…

There are a large number of tectonic shortening structures distributed across the planet Mercury, which are interpreted as the product of lithospheric deformation mainly attribute…

Attenuation of ocean waves by ice is a crucial process of the interaction between waves and sea ice in marginal ice zone (MIZ), while such interaction can contribute to the retrea…

Quantifying tectonic stress magnitudes is crucial in understanding crustal deformation processes, fault geomechanics, and variable plate interface slip behaviors in subduction zon…

Momentum exchange between ocean tidal waves of different frequencies facilitates energy transfer and dissipation. However, such mechanisms are poorly understood, and how such proc…

Accurately representing vertical turbulent fluxes in the planetary boundary layer is vital for moisture and energy transport. Nonetheless, the parameterization of the boundary lay…