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Showing 5251 to 5300 of 8313 works
Dynamics of downdrafts around a growing convective cloud: A numerical study
We examine the dynamics of cloud-edge downdrafts over the growth phase of isolated cumuli, combining Eulerian and Lagrangian analyses. As in previous studies, our results show tha…
Sky View Factor Analysis for a Compact Self-Contained Urban University Campus: A Case Study of IIT Gandhinagar
Climate change has led to increasing incidences of heat waves in urban India over the past decade. Despite this, many residents need to walk from one area to another to meet their…
Mapping Flood Susceptibility Using Random Forest Exploiting Satellite Observations and Geomorphic Features
Flood events rank among the most destructive natural hazards, necessitating comprehensive risk management strategies to mitigate their impact on society and the environment. Vario…
Spatial Variability and Health Risk Assessment of Fluoride Contaminated Groundwater in Eastern India Using Machine Lear…
Higher fluoride (F −) concentration in groundwater is a major environmental and public health risk worldwide. This study explores the possible sources viz. geological, and anthrop…
Differentiable river routing for end-to-end learning of hydrological processes
Deep Learning (DL) approaches have shown high accuracy in rainfall runoff modeling. Currently, however, large-scale DL hydrological simulations at national and global scales still…
Season-Net: A Deep Learning Framework Bias Correction of Seasonal Forecasting Models
Seasonal climate forecasts play a crucial role in decision-making across sectors like agriculture, energy, and disaster management. However, these forecasts often exhibit spatiall…
Multiple cloud feedbacks from a single perturbation experiment
We document the large range of cloud feedback that can be obtained from a single perturbation experiment run by a single atmospheric global climate model. The wide range of feedba…
Deriving WMO cloud classes from ground-based RGB pictures with a residual neural network ensemble
Clouds of various kinds play a substantial role in a wide variety of atmospheric processes. They are directly linked to the formation of precipitation, and significantly affect th…
Python implementation of Bézier surfaces for 3D modeling and visualization of geological structures
For the first time, interactive 3D HTML modeling and visualization of geological structures derived from classic surface geological information have been developed in a Python env…
A long-term study of the variability of polar-cap patches using Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radars (AMISRs)
The polar cap ionosphere is a dynamic and intricately structured environment that plays host to polar cap patches and other mesoscale density formations. These phenomena can lead …
Exploring geothermal potential in the southern Vienna Basin (Austria) using probabilistic ambient-noise tomography
Surface-wave ambient noise tomography (ANT) has proven to be a cost-effective and reliable tool for imaging sedimentary basins when coupled with dense nodal seismic arrays. Here, …
Whose weather is it? A fairness framework for data-driven weather forecasting
As data-driven weather forecasting models increasingly come in operational use, questions of fairness and equitable access to forecast improvements are gaining urgency. This paper…
Will assimilating VIIRS AOD data improve New Delhi's air pollution forecasts as much as assimilating MODIS AOD?
This study examines whether fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air quality forecasts in New Delhi will benefit from assimilation of Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) …
Global calibration of archaeal GDGT-based ocean paleotemperature proxy
TEX₈₆ paleotemperature proxies, derived from GDGTs produced by marine archaea, are widely used to reconstruct past ocean temperatures. However, existing global calibrations often …
Seasonal variability of nitrate concentrations below the root zone: A monthly predictive modelling approach
NLES5 is an empirical model extensively used for estimating annual nitrate leaching from the root zone. The model is based on leaching data obtained by multiplying the measured ni…
Machine Learning Approach to Pore-Proxy in Benthic Foraminifera for Paleo- Reconstruction of Dissolved Oxygen in a Lago…
Although pore morphometrics in benthic foraminifera serve as a proxy for dissolved oxygen (DO) and nitrate (NO3-) reconstruction in oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), their applicabilit…
Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Soil Water Deficits in Precipitation-Abundant Heterogeneous Karst Hillslopes
Under global climate change, the uncertainty of soil drought stress risks is increasing. However, existing research still lacks sufficient assessment of drought impacts on soils i…
Global Diversity of Marine Heatwave Evolutions
Marine heatwaves (MHWs) – discrete and prolonged warm ocean temperature extremes–have been widely investigated based on satellite sea surface temperature observations. However, mo…
Modeling Non-Tidal Surface Fluid Loading Signatures in Global Vertical GNSS Displacements with a Deep Learning Framework
Daily Global Navigation Satellite Systems' (GNSS) displacement time series are commonly used to study the deformation of the Earth's surface. Deformations result from tectonic a…
Seismic Characterization of Lahars on Volcán de Fuego Toward the Development of a Machine Learning-Based Detection Algo…
Lahars are among the most frequent hazards associated with Volcán de Fuego, Guatemala. Despite their recurrence, early detection and automated alerts remain challenging since they…
Multitaper magnitude-squared coherence for time series with missing data: Understanding oscillatory processes traced by…
• Haley (2021) extended the multitaper method for estimating magnitude-squared coherence (MSC) to accommodate time series with missing data • We demonstrate missing-data multitape…
Water Use Efficiency in Ghana’s Smallholder Farming Systems: Unpacking the Benefits of Integrating Conservation Tillage…
Changes in temperature and rainfall patterns have resulted in decreased crop yields, increased pest and disease pressure, soil degradation, and water scarcity. This makes a strong…
Elliptical Orbit Representation for the Annual Evolution of the Northern Hemisphere Stratospheric Polar Vortex. Part II…
This study develops a regression-based framework for long-lead prediction of the Northern Hemisphere stratospheric polar vortex (SPV), building on the elliptical orbit representat…
A new theoretical framework for parameterizing nonequilibrium fractionation during evaporation from the ocean
The evaporation model for water isotopes proposed by Craig and Gordon (1965) is used in most isotope-enabled atmospheric models for the parameterization of nonequilibrium fraction…
TITAN-LSTM: A Weather Radar Nowcasting Tool
This study introduces a new artificial intelligence radar nowcasting algorithm that combines two techniques: TITAN (Thunderstorm Identification, Tracking, Analysis and Nowcasting)…
The Role of Pedersen Conductance on the Dawn - Dusk Asymmetries in Jupiter’s Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System: Model - D…
Jupiter’s rapidly rotating magnetosphere, with internal plasma sources such as the volcanic moon Io, provides a unique natural laboratory for studying internally driven planetary …
Investigation of the influence of geological structures on groundwater flow in the Memphis aquifer: An AEM-based study …
The Memphis aquifer, the major source of public water supply in western Tennessee, lies within the Mississippi Embayment and New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ). Recently acquired airb…
Triggering dynamic instability in marine ice sheet via surface processes
During the last deglaciation, the Barents-Kara Ice Sheet (BKIS), a marine-based sector of the Eurasian Ice Sheet, was subject to a drastic retreat over only a few centuries. While…
Meteorological tsunamis: from local hazard to global relevance
Research on meteorological tsunamis or meteotsunamis—long ocean waves in the tsunami frequency band caused by intense and sustained atmospheric disturbances capable to resonantly …
EGGS-WG: An open source global gridded stochastic weather generator derived from ERA5-Land
A new open source and freely available stochastic weather generator, the ERA5-land Global Gridded Stochastic Weather Generator (EGGS-WG), is made public. This model offers several…
Going deeper with deep learning: Automatically tracing internal reflection horizons in ice sheetsmethodology and benchm…
• We develop a supervised machine learning method to automatically trace internal reflection horizons of intermediate to large depths in ice sheets detected by radioecho sounding.…
Aqualite Engine 1.0: An online cloud based monitoring-forecasting tool for advanced water quality management
A unified model structure for both lake and river thermal dynamics. • Stochastic calibration of parameters, along with separate model for machine learning based pure data driven c…
Scenario-based mechanistic interpretation of multivariate statistical evidence to assess the aquifer-scale competition …
Chlorinated ethenes (CEs) in groundwater degrade mainly via Reductive Dechlorination (RD), organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) for energy gaining. However, OHRB are usually les…
Apparent Thermal Inertia of Soils in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica: Orbital Thermal Remote Sensing Reveals Modern…
Despite the persistent cold and dry climate of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) of Antarctica, a variety of glacial, fluvial, aeolian, and lacustrine processes have operated in the M…
Generating ensembles for convective-scale precipitation downscaling using generative machine learning
High-resolution precipitation information is essential for understanding localised extremes. However, global reanalysis products such as ERA5 cannot resolve fine-scale features du…
Testing audio compression autoencoders for seismology: moving toward foundation models
Efforts to develop foundation models (FMs) for seismic waveform analysis are beginning to advance with progress still needed for geophysics applications. Current supervised learni…
An Idealized Model for the Emergence of the North Icelandic Jet
The North Icelandic Jet (NIJ) is a significant contributor to the lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, transporting dense overflow waters banked up along…
What is the relationship between the aurora and relativistic electron precipitation during a storm-time substorm?
During substorms, Earth's magnetotail undergoes rapid dipolarization, driving Earthward plasma flows that decelerate and dissipate energy upon encountering the dipole magnetic fie…
A ~7.25 Ma Diversified Forest Supported Yuanmou Hominoids Survival in Yunnan: Evidence from Palynology and U-Pb Carbona…
The late Miocene hyena coprolites, preserved in the hominoid fossil-bearing strata in Yuanmou Basin, provides critical materials to explore hominoids’ living age and environment. …
Knowledge-Guided Machine Learning for Operational Flood Forecasting
We present a knowledge-guided machine learning framework for operational hydrologic forecasting at the catchment scale. Our approach, a Factorized Hierarchical Neural Network (…
Exogenous and Endogenous Displacements in 3D Porous Media
Gas displacement is ubiquitous in engineering applications and natural phenomena. Compared to exogenous displacement, studies on endogenous displacement within 3D porous media rem…
A Generalized Deep Learning-Based Ensemble Smoother for Data Assimilation of Hydrological Systems
Data assimilation (DA) plays a critical role in reducing simulation uncertainty and improving process understanding in hydrological systems. The ensemble smoother (ES) has emerged…
Atmospheric chemistry surrogate modeling with sparse identification of mass action dynamics
Modeling gas-phase atmospheric chemistry is computationally challenging because the underlying dynamics are high-dimensional (requiring many variables) and stiff (occurring across…
Scenario-Based Data Assimilation Framework to Improve Production Estimates for Geologically Complex Geothermal Reservoi…
Geothermal energy has the potential to decarbonize heating, cooling, and power production. However, efficient and sustainable exploitation is challenging due to the limited data, …
Accurate Geomagnetic Paleointensities Can Be Retrieved from Prevalent Non-ideal Igneous Recorders
Acquiring accurate absolute paleointensities of the geomagnetic field is essential for studying the evolution of the geodynamo in Earth’s core and its thermal history. Thermoreman…
Is Drought the Primary Driver of the Seasonality of Carbon Allocation in a Subtropical Pine Forest?
The growth dynamics of above- versus belowground tissues, i.e. carbon allocation, affect the forests' ability to cope with environmental stresses and may affect their ability to…
Observed increase in tropical Pacific ocean surface cold-warm contrast is well outside model-simulated range.
Tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs) exhibit a strong background east-west gradient, which intensified between 1982 and 2020. This trend is not well captured by global…
Can the marked Arctic Ocean freshwater content increases of the last two decades be explained within observational unce…
The freshwater content of the Arctic Ocean has increased dramatically in the last two decades, particularly in the Beaufort Gyre. However, quantifying the sources of this change i…
Surrogate-driven Variance-based Sensitivity Analysis of Thermal Storage Tanks in Integrated Energy Systems
Sensitivity analysis and uncertainty quantification are essential steps for enhancing the accuracy of computational models by identifying and mitigating uncertainties. This study …
Physical modeling of gelatinous zooplankton sinking in the deep global ocean
Gelatinous zooplankton (GZ) has been proposed as a possible major overlooked contributor to the biological carbon pump. However, studies investigating GZ biomass carbon fluxes rea…
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