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Crop yield and phenological stages are remarkably sensitive to not only environmental factors like atmospheric conditions and physical properties of soils but also agricultural ac…

The melt viscosity (η) of anhydrous and hydrous peridotite was investigated using a multipronged approach combining micropenetration viscometry, conventional DSC, flash DSC and Br…

In the last few decades, Geology courses, particularly in the Global North have seen a decline in student enrolment. Geologists have linked this downturn to a lack of exposure to…

The distribution of land and ocean on Earth’s surface shapes the global atmospheric circulation and climate by modulating fluxes of water and energy between the surface and the at…

Warm air intrusions over Arctic sea ice can rapidly change the snow and ice surface conditions and can alter sea ice concentration (SIC) estimates derived from satellite- based mi…

In 2019, the Government of India launched the National Clean Air Program (NCAP) to address the pervasive problem of poor air quality and the adverse effect on public health. Coord…

Low-intensity but high-frequency coastal flooding, also known as nuisance flooding, can negatively affect low-lying coastal communities with potentially large socioeconomic effect…

The frequency and intensity of coastal flooding is expected to accelerate in low-elevation coastal areas due to sea level rise. Coastal flooding due to wave overtopping affects co…

Geologic hydrogen (H2) deposits could be a source of climate friendly energy. In this work, we perform a prospective life cycle assessment of a generic geologic hydrogen productio…

In the process of mineral nucleation and growth, substrate surface properties and substrate types introduce favorable areas where nucleation events are more likely to occur. The p…

Water temperature is a key feature of freshwater ecosystems but comprehensive datasets are severely lacking, a limiting factor in research and management of freshwater species and…

In summertime and during heat events the urban heat island can negatively impact public health in urban areas. In the context of climate change, climate adaptation receives more a…

Mangrove forests, which are essential for the maintenance of terrestrial and marine biodiversity on tropical coasts and constitute the main blue-carbon ecosystems for the mitigati…

Crystal nucleation, precipitation, and growth during a reactive fluid flow and solute transport are critical in many natural and industrial systems. Mineral growth is a prime exam…

Short communication highlighting the rise of preprints in Earth Sciences.

Widespread distributed fracturing during earthquakes threatens infrastructure and lifelines. We combine high-resolution rupture maps from the five major surface-rupturing strike-s…

The fossil record of Quaternary reef systems, as expressed in uplifted regions by sequences of stacked terraces, has been extensively used either to understand their morphodynamic…

Developed barrier systems (barrier islands and spits) are lowering and narrowing with sea-level rise (SLR) such that habitation will eventually become infeasible or prohibitively …

This research utilises Ferdinand von Hochstetter’s unpublished November 1860 Folio of survey data from the first major terrestrial topographical and geological survey in New Zeala…

Atmospheric macroturbulence transports energy down the equator-to-pole gradient. This is represented by diffusion in energy balance models (EBMs), and EBMs have proven valuable to…

Continuous excitation of isolated noise sources leads to repeating wave arrivals in cross correlations of ambient seismic noise, including throughout their coda. These waves propa…

Observationsofcolumnwatervaporinthetropicsshowsignificantvariationsinspaceandtime,indicatingthatitisstrongly influenced by the passage of weather systems. It is hypothesized that …

Interactions between large-scale waves and the Hadley Cell are examined using a linear two-layer model on an f-plane. A linear meridional moisture gradient determines the strength…

450 million people live on river deltas and thus on land that is precariously low above the sea level and sinking because of human activities and natural processes. Although globa…

The Clifdenian-Tongaporutuan interval in the Southern Taranaki Basin experienced significant turbidity activities during the Middle to Late Miocene leading to formation and burial…

In the context of intensification of flood risks, NbS propose an interesting approach to conciliate population’s protection and biodiversity. While this recently emerging c…

1. Hydromorphology provides a physical framework for aquatic biocenoses. Its condition directly affects the quality of habitats available for fauna and flora and its assessment is…

Nature-based solutions (NbS) are increasingly assessed in sustainable urban projects to improve human welfare and biodiversity. Particularly, the design, implementation and assess…

Over the last decade, Nature-based Solutions (NbS) for water management have gained traction as triple-win options for climate action due to their ability to address social, econo…

The study analyzed the daily extreme rainfall indices and its consequences on Meher (summer) season cereal crop calendar in the agro-climatic zones (ACZs) of a watershed. Long-ter…

Flooding is the most frequent type of natural disaster, inducing devastating damages at large and small spatial scales. Flood exposure analysis is a critical part of flood risk as…

Transformative adaptation is essential to face the unprecedented biodiversity and climate change crises. Nature-based Solutions (NbS) could accelerate the transformation of social…

Although earthquakes are a threat in many countries and considerable resources have been invested in safety regulations, communities at risk often lack awareness and preparedness.…

Accurate, and high-resolution wave statistics are critical for regional hazard mapping and planning. However, long-term simulations at high spatial resolution are often computatio…

Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) have been widely studied over the past decades due to their likely link to mass extinction events. Previous work involving U-Pb zircon dating of the…

A large non-double-couple component of a tectonic earthquake indicates that its rupture likely was complex and likely involved multiple faults. Detailed source models of such eart…

To address the problem of climate changes, CO2 sequestration by forests should be assessed. Forests store carbon in their biomass- about half of it is carbon. The trees’ diameter,…

We report confirmed impact sources for two seismic events on Mars detected by the NASA InSight mission. These events have been positively associated with fresh impact craters iden…

On the Greenland Ice Sheet, hydrofracture connects the supraglacial and subglacial hydrologic systems, coupling surface runoff dynamics and ice velocity. Over the last two decades…

The Puget Sound Coastal Storm Modeling System (PS-CoSMoS) is a tool designed to dynamically downscale future climate scenarios (i.e., projected changes in wind and pressure fields…

Smallholder agriculture has historically dominated Ethiopia's agricultural production. To boost crop output and productivity, agrochemicals and agricultural equipment have proven …

Rivers are pathways and storage zones for plastic pollution. Land-based plastic waste enters river systems through anthropogenic and hydrometeorological processes, after which the…

Modern and ancient hypersaline lakes and oceans have been identified across the solar system, but the habitability and potential of these environments to preserve organic matter r…

Each year, the biological carbon pump is responsible for converting carbon dioxide into millions of tonnes of organic carbon, and for transferring a fraction of it to the deep oce…

A 38-year hindcast water level product is developed for the United States Southeast Atlantic coastline from the entrance of Chesapeake Bay to the southeast tip of Florida. The wat…

Climatic and Terrain parameters which include the soil moisture, precipitation, evapotranspiration, maximum and minimum temperature are the most crucial factors which drives the f…

The Earth's climate, marked by long-term shifts and punctuated events, shapes terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Despite the present interglacial period's warmth and stability com…

Messina Strait is a narrow fault-bounded marine basin that separates the Calabrian peninsula from Sicily in southern Italy. It sits in a seismically active region where normal fau…