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The diffusion coefficients (D) for both dimethylsulfide (DMSP) and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) were determined using diffusion-ordered nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscop…

Weather and climate models approximate diabatic and sub-grid-scale processes in terms of grid-scale variables using parameterizations. Current parameterizations are de- signed by …

Geophysical surveys add value to biogeochemical studies because of their ability to characterize systems remotely, and their precise time resolution. One limitation, however, is t…

Ongoing increase in human and climate pressures, in addition to the lack of monitoring initiatives, makes the Caatinga one of the most vulnerable forests in the world. The Caating…

The length-scale of deposition beneath a buoyant sediment-laden river plume can be strongly influenced by enhanced settling-driven convection, and is directly related to the horiz…

This report presents a case study for automatic fish species classification in underwater video monitoring of fish passes. Although the presented approach is based on the FishCam …

Submarine volcanism accounts for c. 75% of the Earths volcanic activity. Yet difficulties with imaging their exteriors and interiors mean the extrusion dynamics and erupted volume…

Since 1992, there has been a revolution in our ability to quantify the land ice contribution to SLR using a variety of satellite missions and technologies. Each mission has provid…

Storm reports show an upward trend in the power of tornadoes from longer and wider paths and higher damage ratings. Quantifying the magnitude of the increase is difficult given di…

One of the most challenging tasks when studying large submarine landslides is determining whether the landslide was initiated as a single large event, a chain of events closely sp…

Despite extensive outcrop and previous sedimentologic study, the role of tidal processes along sandy, wave- and river-dominated shorelines of the North American Cretaceous Western…

Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary (LAB) is a lower boundary of the lithospheric plate, so, it is an important tectonic boundary. We present the package of numerical program LABWA…

A large portion of the Birds Head Peninsula of NW New Guinea is an inlier that reveals the pre-Cenozoic geological history of the northern margin of eastern Gondwana. The peninsul…

The planform of estuaries is often described with an ideal shape, which exponentially converges in landward direction. We show how growing topographically forced nonmigratory (i.e…

Quantifying the unfrozen water content of permafrost is critical for assessing impacts of surface warming on the reactivation of groundwater flow and release of greenhouse gasses …

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a geophysical technique widely used to study the shallow subsurface and identify various sediment features that reflect electromagnetic waves. Ho…

Discrete structures (e.g. faults) or pervasive fabrics (e.g. foliation), which may occur in pre-rift sedimentary and/or crystalline basement rock, can control the growth and geome…

The amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere, oceans, crust, and mantle have important ramifications for Earth’s biologic and geologic history. Despite this importance, the history an…

Many coastal and estuarine environments are dominated by mixtures of non-cohesive sand and cohesive mud. The migration rate of bedforms, such as ripples and dunes, in these enviro…

Volcanic ash particle properties depend upon their genetic fragmentation processes. Here, we introduce QEMSCAN particle mineralogical analysis (PMA) to quantify the phase distribu…

Rainfall-runoff modelling is one of the key challenges in the field of hydrology. Various approaches exist, ranging from physically based over conceptual to fully data driven mode…

The development of large ice-sheets across the Northern Hemisphere during the late Pliocene and the emergence of the glacial-interglacial cycles that punctuate the Quaternary mark…

Lateral shortening is expressed in unique ways in salt basins, especially if pre-shortening diapirs are present. We present an overview and new 3-D conceptual models capturing the…

Net radiation reaching the forest floor is influenced by vegetation density. Previous studies have confirmed that in mid-latitude conifer forests in Greenville, ME (45.5°N), net r…

In many petroleum-bearing, data-poor ‘frontier’ basins, source, reservoir, and seal distribution is poorly constrained, making it difficult to identify petroleum systems and play …

Monitoring the migration of pore pressure, deformation, and saturation plumes with effective tools is important for the storage and utilization of fluids in underground reservoirs…

The 2016 Pedernales earthquake (Mw=7.8) ruptured a portion of the Colombia-Ecuador subduction interface where several large historical earthquakes have been documented since the g…

Purpose of review: Climate is changing in response to rising concentrations of atmospheric CO2 and it is commonly asserted that this will cause droughts to become more frequent an…

This study investigates the controls to fault and rift geometry for a young rift system. Our case study is a large fault in southern Malawi. The geometry of the fault at the surfa…

Natural fault patterns, formed in response to a single tectonic event, often display significant variation in their orientation distribution. The cause of this variation is the su…

Strain style, magnitude, and distribution within mass-transport complexes (MTCs) is important for understanding the process evolution of submarine mass flows and for estimating th…

The genus Tetraselmis (Chlorophyta) includes more than 30 species of unicellular micro-algae that have been widely studied since the description of the first species in 1878. Tetr…

Linear aeolian bedforms are the most abundant bedform type in modern Earth sand seas and are very common in our Solar System. Despite their abundance, the long-term development of…

Trench-parallel strike slip faults develop at lithospheric scale during oblique high-angle subduction. A “sliver” plate forms due to slip partitioning between the subduction plane…

In order to investigate deformation within the upper plate of the Calabrian subduction zone we have mapped and modelled a sequence of Late Quaternary palaeoshorelines tectonically…

There is a keen interest in inferring spatial associations between different variables spanning the same study area. We present a method for quantitative assessment of such associ…

The Southern Ocean has complex spatial variability, characterized by sharp fronts, steeply tilted isopycnals, and deep seasonal mixed layers. Methods of defining Southern Ocean sp…

The Natkusiak continental flood basalts and Franklin sills of Victoria Island preserve an exceptional record of the ca. 716–723 Ma Franklin large igneous province and are synchron…

Acoustic waves with a wide range of frequencies are generated by lightning strokes during thunderstorms, including infrasonic waves (0.1 to 20 Hz). The source mechanism for these …

Land change including deforestation undermines the sustainability of the environment. Using data on 1992‐2015 pattern change in over 1.7 million meso‐scale landscapes worldwide we…

Dyke swarms are common on Earth and other planetary bodies, comprising arrays of dykes that can extend laterally for 10’s to 1000’s of kilometres. The vast extent of such dyke swa…

The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), one of the best-studied paleoclimatic intervals, offers a prime opportunity to investigate how the climate system responds to changes in greenhouse…

How an earthquake rupture propagates strongly influences potentially destructive ground shaking. Complex ruptures often involve slip along multiple faults, masking information on …

Damage zones are ubiquitous components of faults that may affect earthquake rupture. Simulations show that pulse-like rupture can be induced by the dynamic effect of waves reflect…

Aseismic ridge subduction is considered to exert major controls on volcanic activity, formation of porphyry Cu-Au deposits and the generation of juvenile Earth’s crust. Yet, there…

Recently, several VGOS twin telescopes in Europe were completed. We examine the use of VGOS twin telescopes by a new scheduling approach. This ap- proach is based on integer linea…

Here, we provide a comment in response to a recently published paper ‘Unintentional unfairness when applying new greenhouse gas emissions metrics at country level’ by Rogelj and S…

The wetting state is an important control on flow in subsurface multi fluid phase systems, e.g., carbon storage and oil production. Advances in X-ray imaging allow us to character…

There are no doubts long-term observatories provide unique insight on ecosystems trajectories. Can we use earliest data to set restoration goals? We take the example of Lake Genev…

Detailed investigations into natural groundwater organic matter (OM) as carbon sources or sinks in the natural carbon cycle are generally limited. Groundwater OM concentration and…