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Abstract. Lagrangian cloud models (LCMs) are increasingly used in the cloud physics community. They not only enable a very detailed representation of cloud microphysics but also l…

Abstract. In the Mediterranean region, climate and land use change are expected to impact on natural and agricultural ecosystems by warming, reduced rainfall, direct degradation o…

Abstract. We present the development of the Adjoint of the Global Eulerian–Lagrangian Coupled Atmospheric (A-GELCA) model that consists of the National Institute for Environmental…

Abstract. Snow-covered surface albedo varies depending on many factors, including snow grain size, snow cover thickness, snow age, forest shading factor, etc., and its parameteriz…

Abstract. Even though dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the most active carbon (C) cycling in soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, it receives little attention from the global C budge…

Abstract. The atmospheric oxidation of aromatic compounds is an important source of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in urban areas. The oxidation of aromatics depends strongly on …

Abstract. Analysis of the variability of the last 18 yr (1993–2012) of a 32 yr run of a new near-global, eddy-resolving ocean general circulation model coupled with biogeochemistr…

Abstract. Insects defoliate and kill plants in many ecosystems worldwide. The consequences of these natural processes on terrestrial ecology and nutrient cycling are well establis…

Abstract. There are three key components for developing a metadata system: a container structure laying out the key semantic issues of interest and their relationships; an extensi…

Abstract. Gaussian models are commonly used to simulate atmospheric pollutant dispersion near sources because they provide an efficient compromise between reasonable accuracy and …

Abstract. This paper describes a method to automatically generate a large ensemble of air quality simulations. Such an ensemble may be useful for quantifying uncertainty, improvin…

Abstract. A new test statistic for climate model evaluation has been developed that potentially mitigates some of the limitations that exist for observing and representing field a…

Abstract. Including the impacts of climate change in decision making and planning processes is a challenge facing many regional governments including the New South Wales (NSW) and…

Abstract. This test extends the evaluation of transport schemes from prescribed advection of inert scalars to reactive species. The test consists of transporting two interacting c…

Abstract. The marine CaCO3 cycle is an important component of the oceanic carbon system and directly affects the cycling of natural and the uptake of anthropogenic carbon. In nume…

Abstract. Climate models are extremely complex pieces of software. They reflect the best knowledge on the physical components of the climate; nevertheless, they contain several pa…

Abstract. Atmospheric modeling systems require economical methods to solve the non-hydrostatic Euler equations. Two major differences between hydrostatic models and a full non-hyd…

Abstract. Here we describe an updated parameterization for prescribing stratospheric aerosol in the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Earth System Model (C…

Abstract. Biodiversity is one of the key mechanisms that facilitate the adaptive response of planktonic communities to a fluctuating environment. How to allow for such a flexible …

Abstract. The aim of this work is to describe the features of and to validate a simple, fast, accurate, and physically based spectral radiative transfer model in the solar wavelen…

Abstract. Processes that describe the distribution of vegetation and ecosystem succession after disturbance are an important component of dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs).…

Abstract. Dynamical downscaling in a continuous approach using initial and boundary conditions from a reanalysis or a global climate model is a common method for simulating the re…

Abstract. The main features of climate change patterns, as simulated by the coupled ocean–atmosphere version 2.5 of the Brazilian Earth System Model (BESM), are compared with thos…

Abstract. This paper describes the implementation of an improved soil thermodynamics in the hydrological module of Earth system model (ESM) developed at the Institut Pierre Simon …

Abstract. Bayesian inference of microbial soil respiration models is often based on the assumptions that the residuals are independent (i.e., no temporal or spatial correlation), …

Abstract. Ensemble-based techniques have been widely utilized in estimating uncertainties in various problems of interest in geophysical applications. A new cloud retrieval method…

Abstract. High-resolution (< 1 km) atmospheric modeling is increasingly used to study precipitation distributions in complex terrain and cryosphere–atmospheric processes. While th…

Abstract. Over the past few years, increasing attention has been focused on the need to publish computer code as an integral part of the research process. This has been reflected …

Abstract. An appropriate representation of point source emissions in atmospheric transport models is very challenging. In the Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport model (…

Abstract. The Gravitational Process Path (GPP) model can be used to simulate the process path and run-out area of gravitational processes based on a digital terrain model (DTM). T…

Abstract. Large-scale (i.e., continental and global) hydrologic simulation is an appealing yet challenging topic for the hydrologic community. First and foremost, model efficiency…

Abstract. We present a protocol for scenario simulations of marine cloud brightening (MCB) solar radiation modification (SRM), which we design for inclusion as a bridge simulation…

Abstract. In this work, SynRad, a new radar forward operator for the Active Tracer High-Resolution Atmospheric Model (ATHAM) volcanic plume model is introduced. The operator is de…

Abstract. The global annual mean contrail climate forcing may exceed that of aviation's cumulative CO2 emissions. As only 2 %–3 % of all flights are likely responsible for 80 % of…

Abstract. Debris flow material properties change during the initiation, transportation and deposition processes, which influences the runout characteristics of the debris flow. A …

Abstract. The local inertial two-dimensional (2D) flow model on LISFLOOD-FP, the so-called ACCeleration (ACC) uniform grid solver, has been widely used to support fast, computatio…

Abstract. The Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project has expanded to include a model intercomparison for the mid-Pliocene warm period (3.29 to 2.97 million yr ago). This …

Abstract. A new version of the Global Model of Aerosol Processes (GLOMAP) is described, which uses a two-moment pseudo-modal aerosol dynamics approach rather than the original two…

Abstract. State-of-the-art Earth system models typically employ grid spacings of O(100 km), which is too coarse to explicitly resolve main drivers of the flow of energy and matter…

Abstract. This paper introduces Omega, the Ocean Model for E3SM Global Applications. Omega is a new ocean model designed to run efficiently on high performance computing (HPC) pla…

Abstract. Version 2 of the unstructured-mesh Finite-Element Sea ice–Ocean circulation Model (FESOM) is presented. It builds upon FESOM1.4 (Wang et al., 2014) but differs by its dy…

Abstract. The accurate simulation of Earth's surface is essential for understanding lithospheric and mantle dynamics, especially in processes such as subduction and surface deform…

Abstract. This paper presents a three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) data assimilation (DA) system for aerosol optical properties, including aerosol optical thickness (AOT) retri…

Abstract. We propose a new deep-learning architecture HIDRA2 for sea level and storm tide modeling, which is extremely fast to train and apply and outperforms both our previous ne…

Abstract. Since the initiation of development at the Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP), University of Bremen, in 1994, the radiative transfer model SCIATRAN (formerly GOMET…

Abstract. The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) is a measure of thermal comfort that quantifies how humans experience environmental conditions. Due to its robustness and vers…

Abstract. In contrast to previous peatland carbon dioxide (CO2) model sensitivity analyses, which usually focussed on only one or a few processes, this study investigates interact…

Abstract. As global warming is proceeding due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations, the Earth system moves towards climate states that challenge adaptation. Past Earth system s…

Abstract. A system for source attribution of tropospheric ozone produced from both NOx and volatile organic compound (VOC) precursors is described, along with its implementation i…

Abstract. While the wind farm parameterization by Fitch et al. (2012) in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model has been used and evaluated frequently, the explicit wake…