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Abstract. Bocquet and Sakov (2013) introduced a low-order model based on the coupling of the chaotic Lorenz-95 (L95) model, which simulates winds along a mid-latitude circle, with…

Abstract. The Community Atmosphere Biosphere Land Exchange (CABLE) model has been coupled to the UK Met Office Unified Model (UM) within the existing framework of the Australian C…

Abstract. We describe a program that produces paleo-ice sheet reconstructions using an assumption of steady-state, perfectly plastic ice flow behaviour. It incorporates three inpu…

Abstract. The present study evaluates the global numerical weather prediction model GME with respect to the grid-scale parameterization of frozen particles, both ice and snow, foc…

Abstract. Preparing for episodes with risks of anomalous weather a month to a year ahead is an important challenge for governments, non-governmental organisations, and private com…

Abstract. Parameterization of turbulent fluxes under stably stratified conditions has always been a challenge. Current surface fluxes calculation schemes either need iterations or…

Abstract. We examine an alternative approach to heterogeneous cluster-computing in the many-core era for Earth system models, using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Fo…

Abstract. A semi-parametric PAR diffuse radiation model was developed using commonly measured climatic variables from 108 site-years of data from 17 AmeriFlux sites. The model has…

Abstract. Most land surface models can, depending on the simulation experiment, calculate the vegetation distribution and dynamics internally by making use of biogeographical prin…

Abstract. Interactions between the land biosphere and the atmosphere play an important role for the Earth's carbon cycle and thus should be considered in studies of global carbon …

Abstract. The constellation of Earth-observing satellites has now produced atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration estimates covering a period of several years. Their global cove…

Abstract. This article studies the growth of the prediction error over lead time in a schematic model of atmospheric transport. Inspired by the Lorenz (2005) system, we mimic an a…

Abstract. The ability of machine-learning-based (ML-based) model components to generalize to the previously unseen inputs and its impact on the stability of the models that use th…

Abstract. The growing abundance of data is conducive to using numerical methods to relate air quality, meteorology and emissions to address which factors impact pollutant concentr…

Abstract. Recent observational and modeling studies show that variations of stratospheric ozone and the resulting interaction between ozone and the stratospheric circulation play …

Abstract. The atmospheric composition forecasting system used to produce the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) forecasts of global aerosol and trace gas distribution…

Abstract. This study documents clouds simulated by the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) version 2 (E3SMv2) and attempts to understand what causes the model behavior chang…

Abstract. The equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) – the equilibrium global mean temperature response to a doubling of atmospheric CO2 – is a high-profile metric for quantifying …

Abstract. Model-calculated forecasts of soil organic carbon (SOC) are important for approximating global terrestrial carbon pools and assessing their change. However, the lack of …

Abstract. A flexible treatment for gas- and aerosol-phase chemical processes has been developed for models of diverse scale, from box models up to global models. At the core of th…

Abstract. Lightning flashes can produce a discharge in which a continuing electrical current flows for more than 40 ms. Such flashes are proposed to be the main precursors of ligh…

Abstract. Groundwater is critical in the hydrological cycle, impacting water supply, agriculture, and climate regulation. However, current Land Surface Models (LSMs) often struggl…

Abstract. Standard vector calculus formulas of Cartesian three space are projected onto the surface of a sphere. This produces symmetric equations with three nonindependent horizo…

Abstract. We have implemented a regional carbon dioxide data assimilation system based on the CarbonTracker Data Assimilation Shell (CTDAS) and a high-resolution Lagrangian transp…

Abstract. The efficient and accurate simulation of fluid flow and heat transport underground plays an important role in groundwater migration and geothermal resource prediction. R…

Abstract. Tracers/markers/particles are commonly used in geodynamical models to track composition and sometimes other quantities throughout the domain. A common problem is that ov…

Abstract. Accurate modeling of the effect of snow cover on the surface energy and mass fluxes is required from land surface models. The Interactions between Soil–Biosphere–Atmosph…

Abstract. In the field of space geodetic techniques, such as global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs), tropospheric zenith hydrostatic delay (ZHD) is chosen as the a priori val…

Abstract. The eSCAPE model is a Python-based landscape evolution model that simulates over geological time (1) the dynamics of the landscape, (2) the transport of sediment from so…

Abstract. The US Northern Great Plains and the Canadian Prairies are known as the world's breadbaskets for their large spring wheat production and exports to the world. It is esse…

Abstract. Here, we present validation tests of the fluid dynamic solver presented in von Boetticher et al. (2016), simulating both laboratory-scale and large-scale debris-flow exp…

Abstract. Numerical models have become an indispensable tool for understanding and predicting the flow of ice sheets and glaciers. Here we present the full-Stokes software package…

Abstract. Climate field reconstruction (CFR) refers to the estimation of spatiotemporal climate fields (such as surface temperature) from a collection of pointwise paleoclimate pr…

Abstract. This study uses a chemistry–climate model CHASER (MIROC) to explore the roles of heterogeneous reactions (HRs) in global tropospheric chemistry. Three distinct HRs of N2…

Abstract. In this study, the non-iteration dimensional-split semi-Lagrangian (NDSL) advection scheme is applied to the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Regiona…

Abstract. Glaciers and ice caps exhibit currently the largest cryospheric contributions to sea level rise. Modelling the dynamics and mass balance of the major ice sheets is there…

Abstract. A quasi-geostrophic model of Southern Hemisphere's wintertime atmospheric circulation with horizontal resolution T21 has been coupled to a global ocean circulation model…

Abstract. Modelling of mineral dust is often done using one single mean species. But for biogeochemical studies, it could be useful to access to a more detailed information on dif…

Abstract. Stratospheric ozone affects climate directly as the predominant heat source in the stratosphere and indirectly through chemical reactions controlling other greenhouse ga…

Abstract. We present a framework for evaluating multi-model ensembles based on common empirical orthogonal functions (common EOFs) that emphasize salient features connected to spa…

Abstract. Urban smoke exposure events from large wildfires have become increasingly common in California and throughout the western United States. The ability to study the impacts…

Abstract. Earth system models (ESMs) must represent processes below the grid scale of a model using representations (parameterizations) of physical and chemical processes. As a tu…

Abstract. Urban regions are responsible for emitting significant amounts of fossil fuel carbon dioxide (FFCO2), and emissions at the finer, city scales are more uncertain than tho…

Abstract. The use of statistical models to study the impact of weather on crop yield has not ceased to increase. Unfortunately, this type of application is characterized by datase…

Abstract. Climate change projections still suffer from a limited representation of the permafrost–carbon feedback. Predicting the response of permafrost temperature to climate cha…

Abstract. Accurate and efficient modeling of atmospheric composition, including aerosols and trace gases and their interactions with radiation, clouds, and dynamics is essential f…

Abstract. A new, path-integral method is presented for apportioning the concentrations of pollutants predicted by a photochemical model to emissions from different sources. A nove…

Abstract. Land ecosystems are important sources and sinks of atmospheric components. In turn, air pollutants affect the exchange rates of carbon and water fluxes between ecosystem…

Abstract. Attribution in its general definition aims to quantify drivers of change in a system. According to IPCC Working Group II (WGII) a change in a natural, human or managed s…

Abstract. Accurately modelling the contribution of Greenland and Antarctica to sea level rise requires solving partial differential equations at a high spatial resolution. In this…