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Abstract. The present work describes the implementation of the state of the art Cloud-J v7.3 photolysis rate calculation code in the EMEP MSC-W chemistry-transport model. Cloud-J …

Abstract. Humans play a large role in the hydrological system, e.g. by extracting large amounts of water for irrigation, often resulting in water stress and ecosystem degradation.…

Abstract. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) from grain legumes is of significant importance in global agricultural ecosystems. Crops with BNF capability are expected to support t…

Abstract. Monitoring the evolution of snowpack properties in mountainous areas is crucial for avalanche hazard forecasting and water resources management. In situ and remotely sen…

Abstract. Ice-free land comprises 26 % of the Earth's surface and holds liquid water that delineates ecosystems, affects global geochemical cycling, and modulates sea levels. Howe…

Abstract. Graphics processing units (GPUs) are becoming a compelling acceleration strategy for geoscience numerical models due to their powerful computing performance. In this stu…

Abstract. Aerosol vertical stratification is important for global climate and planetary boundary layer (PBL) stability, and no single method can obtain spatiotemporally continuous…

Abstract. The UPSCALE (UK on PRACE: weather-resolving Simulations of Climate for globAL Environmental risk) project constructed and ran an ensemble of HadGEM3 (Hadley Centre Globa…

Abstract. This study applies the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) 3D-Var assimilation tool originally developed by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP…

Abstract. Peatlands, which contain large carbon stocks that must be accounted for in the global carbon budget, are poorly represented in many earth system models. We integrated pe…

Abstract. This article describes a modular ensemble-based data assimilation (DA) system which is developed for an integrated surface–subsurface hydrological model. The software en…

Abstract. An external perturbation to the climate system from anthropogenic or natural activity first impacts the climate by inducing an alteration to Earth's energy budget, known…

Abstract. In this study, we present the development of a Simple Actuator Disk model for Large-Eddy Simulation (SADLES), implemented within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WR…

Abstract. A new model for transport and fate of chemicals in the aquatic environment is presented. The tool, named ChemicalDrift, is integrated into the open-source Lagrangian fra…

Abstract. This paper provides an overview of the United States (US) Department of Energy's (DOE's) Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 2 (E3SMv2) fully coupled regionally r…

Abstract. Biomass burning is a significant source of trace gases and aerosols to the atmosphere, and the evolution of these species depends acutely on where they are injected into…

Abstract. We present a Lagrangian convective transport scheme developed for global chemistry and transport models, which considers the variable residence time that an air parcel s…

Abstract. The semi-Lagrangian absolute vorticity (SL-AV) atmospheric model is the global semi-Lagrangian hydrostatic model used for operational medium-range and seasonal forecasts…

Abstract. This paper describes an approximation to the lower incomplete gamma function γl(a,x) which has been obtained by nonlinear curve fitting. It comprises a fixed number of t…

Abstract. The commonly adopted biogeochemistry spin-up process in an Earth system model (ESM) is to run the model for hundreds to thousands of years subject to periodic atmospheri…

Abstract. The organic fraction of atmospheric aerosols has proven to be a critical element of air quality and climate issues. However, its composition and the aging processes it u…

Abstract. The Community Intercomparison Suite (CIS) is an easy-to-use command-line tool which has been developed to allow the straightforward intercomparison of remote sensing, in…

Abstract. The verification of high-resolution meteorological models requires highly resolved validation data and appropriate tools of analysis. While much progress has been made i…

Abstract. The Background Error Analysis Testbed (BEATBOX) is a new data assimilation framework for box models. Based on the BOX Model eXtension (BOXMOX) to the Kinetic Pre-Process…

Abstract. Snow is a key component of the cryosphere and has significant impacts on surface energy balance, hydrology, atmospheric circulation, etc. In addition, numerous studies h…

Abstract. The regional climate model REMO was coupled with the FLake lake model to include an interactive treatment of lakes. Using this new version, the Fenno-Scandinavian climat…

Abstract. Understanding the differences between regional simulations of land–atmosphere interactions and near-surface conditions is crucial for a more reliable representation of p…

Abstract. Bridging physics and deep learning is a topical challenge. While deep learning frameworks open avenues in physical science, the design of physically consistent deep neur…

Abstract. Although integrated water resource models are indispensable tools for water management at various scales, it is of primary importance to ensure their proper fitting on h…

Abstract. Ice sheet surface mass balance describes the net snow accumulation at the ice sheet surface. On the Antarctic ice sheet, winds redistribute snow, resulting in a surface …

Abstract. Methane is the second most important greenhouse gas in terms of anthropogenic radiative forcing. Since pre-industrial times, the globally averaged dry mole fraction of m…

Abstract. Data assimilation (DA) is an essential component of numerical weather and climate prediction. Efficient implementation of DA algorithms benefits both research and operat…

Abstract. Climate change impacts both lakes and their surrounding catchments, leading to altered discharge and nutrient loading patterns from catchments to lakes, as well as modif…

Abstract. Climate change and increased fire are eroding the resilience of boreal forests. This is problematic because boreal vegetation and the cold soils underneath store approxi…

Abstract. The prediction of convection (in terms of position, timing, and strength) is important to achieve for high-resolution weather forecasting. This problem requires not only…

Abstract. The atmosphere, ocean, and sea ice components in Earth system models are coupled via boundary conditions at the sea surface. Standard coupling algorithms correspond to t…

Abstract. In 2021, a team of developers from the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR), the German Climate Com…

Abstract. Homogeneous reactivity has been extensively studied in recent years through outdoor air-quality simulations. However, indoor atmospheres are known to be largely influenc…

Abstract. Interactions and feedback between components of the Earth system can have a significant impact on local and regional climate and its changes due to global warming. These…

Abstract. Assessing aerosol mixing states, which primarily depend on aerosol chemical compositions, is indispensable to estimate direct and indirect effects of aerosols. The limit…

Abstract. Autumn leaf phenology marks the end of the growing season, during which trees assimilate atmospheric CO2. The length of the growing season is affected by climate change …

Abstract. We have used a normal-mode analysis to investigate the impacts of the horizontal and vertical discretizations on the numerical solutions of the nonhydrostatic anelastic …

Abstract. Weather and climate models are complex pieces of software which include many individual components, each of which is evolving under pressure to exploit advances in compu…

Abstract. Plume-SPH provides the first particle-based simulation of volcanic plumes. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) has several advantages over currently used mesh-based me…

Abstract. Most studies evaluating cloud in general circulation models present new diagnostic techniques or observational datasets, or apply a limited set of existing diagnostics t…

Abstract. This paper presents the inclusion of an online dynamical downscaling of temperature and precipitation within the model of intermediate complexity iLOVECLIM v1.1. We desc…

Abstract. Ocean surface represents roughly 70 % of the Earth's surface, playing a large role in the partitioning of the energy flow within the climate system. The ocean surface al…

Abstract. The emerging field of high-energy atmospheric physics studies how high-energy particles are produced in thunderstorms, in the form of terrestrial γ-ray flashes and γ-ray…

Abstract. Despite recent advances in the development of detailed plant radiative transfer models, large-scale canopy models generally still rely on simplified one-dimensional (1-D…

Abstract. Accurately simulating snow cover dynamics and the snow–atmosphere coupling is of major importance for topics as wide-ranging as water resources, natural hazards, and cli…