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Abstract. The Country Level Air Quality Calculator (CLAQC) is an open-source modeling tool that utilizes national sectoral emissions and weather data to forecast monthly and annua…

Abstract. In large lakes subject to the Coriolis force, basin-scale gyres and mesoscale eddies, i.e. rotating coherent water masses, play a key role in spreading biochemical mater…

Abstract. I present a method for developing extensible and modular computational models without sacrificing serial or parallel performance or source code readability. By using a g…

Abstract. The convective transport module, CVTRANS, of the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model has been revised to better represent the physical flows and incorporate r…

Abstract. The integral invariant coordinate I and Roederer's L or L* are proxies for the second and third adiabatic invariants, respectively, that characterize charged particle mo…

Abstract. Data assimilation is the process of combining real-world observations with a modelled geophysical field. The increasing abundance of satellite retrievals of atmospheric …

Abstract. Historically, climate models have been developed incrementally and in compiled languages like Fortran. While the use of legacy compiled languages results in fast, time-t…

Abstract. Representation of atmospheric transport is a major source of error in the estimation of greenhouse gas sources and sinks by inverse modelling. Here we assess the impact …

Abstract. Modern land surface model simulations capture soil profile water movement through the use of soil hydraulics sub-models, but good hydraulic parameterisations are often l…

Abstract. Numerical modeling provides an opportunity to quantify the reaction of lakes to alterations in their environment, such as changes in climate or hydrological conditions. …

Abstract. The paper describes the LIMA (Liquid Ice Multiple Aerosols) quasi two-moment microphysical scheme, which relies on the prognostic evolution of an aerosol population, and…

Abstract. We present an overview of the modelling of particle number concentrations (PNCs) in five major European cities, namely Helsinki, Oslo, London, Rotterdam, and Athens, in …

Abstract. We present new coarse resolution (0.5° × 0.5°) vegetation height and vegetation-cover fraction data sets between 60° S and 60° N for use in climate models and ecological…

Abstract. Wet deposition plays a crucial role in the removal of aerosols from the atmosphere. Yet, large uncertainties remain in its implementation in atmospheric transport models…

Abstract. The Extrapolar SWIFT model is a fast ozone chemistry scheme for interactive calculation of the extrapolar stratospheric ozone layer in coupled general circulation models…

Abstract. The accurate forecast of persistent orographic cold-air pools in numerical weather prediction models is essential for the optimal integration of wind energy into the ele…

Abstract. The process-based biogeochemical model Biome-BGC was enhanced to improve its ability to simulate carbon, nitrogen, and water cycles of various terrestrial ecosystems und…

Abstract. Global kilometer-scale (km-scale) weather and climate models offer new opportunities to unify numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate modeling by explicitly simul…

Abstract. Gas fluxes passing through an eddy-covariance (EC) system's measurement volume reflect the outgassing rate of these molecules from an upwind area known as the “flux foot…

Abstract. We implement and evaluate a new parameterization scheme for stratiform cloud microphysics and precipitation within regional climate model RegCM4. This new parameterizati…

Abstract. The Simulation EnviRonment for Geomorphology, Hydrodynamics, and Ecohydrology in Integrated form (SERGHEI) is a multi-dimensional, multi-domain, and multi-physics model …

Abstract. Recent reports by the Global Carbon Project highlight large uncertainties around land surface processes such as land use change, strength of CO2 fertilization, nutrient …

Abstract. Super-resolution atmospheric modelling can be used to interpret and optimize environmental observations during top-down emission rate retrieval campaigns (e.g. aircraft-…

Abstract. This paper describes the global eddying ocean–sea ice simulation produced at the Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC) obtained following the experimental d…

Abstract. Earth system models (ESMs) that incorporate carbon–climate feedbacks represent the present state of the art in climate modelling. Here, we describe the Australian Commun…

Abstract. The Tracking Algorithm for Mesoscale Convective Systems (TAMS) is a tracking, classifying, and variable-assigning algorithm for mesoscale convective systems (MCSs). TAMS…

Abstract. The Ent Terrestrial Biosphere Model (Ent TBM) is a mixed-canopy dynamic global vegetation model developed specifically for coupling with land surface hydrology and gener…

Abstract. The Fourth IPCC Assessment Report concluded that ice sheet flow models, in their current state, were unable to provide accurate forecast for the increase of polar ice sh…

Abstract. In Paris, France, December 2015, the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) invited the Intergovernmental …

Abstract. Determining the spatial distribution and temporal development of evaporation at regional and global scales is required to improve our understanding of the coupled water …

Abstract. Recently, there has been growing interest in the possibility of using neural networks for both weather forecasting and the generation of climate datasets. We use a botto…

Abstract. Jet streams are fast three-dimensional coherent air flows that interact with other atmospheric structures such as warm conveyor belts (WCBs) and the tropopause. Individu…

Abstract. Assimilating observational data into numerical simulation is crucial for accurately estimating the spatiotemporal distribution of PM2.5 chemical components (NH4+, NO3-, …

Abstract. Numerical weather prediction models and probabilistic extrapolation methods using radar images have been widely used for precipitation nowcasting. Recently, machine-lear…

Abstract. An established iceberg module, ICB, is used interactively with the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) ocean model in a new implementation, NEMO–ICB (v1.0…

Abstract. This work presents a new bias-correction method for precipitation over complex terrain that explicitly considers orographic characteristics. This consideration offers a …

Abstract. Global modeling of atmospheric chemistry is a grand computational challenge because of the need to simulate large coupled systems of ∼100–1000 chemical species interacti…

Abstract. We introduce a newly developed global ice sheet model coupled to the Globally Resolved Energy Balance (GREB) climate model for the simulation of global ice sheet evoluti…

Abstract. This study presents a new ion–neutral chemical model coupled into the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM). The ionospheric D-region (altitudes ∼  50–90 km) …

Abstract. This work presents SERGHEI-SWE-RE, a performance-portable, parallel model that couples a fully dynamic two-dimensional Shallow Water Equation (SWE) solver with a three-d…

Abstract. We introduce tobac (Tracking and Object-Based Analysis of Clouds), a newly developed framework for tracking and analysing individual clouds in different types of dataset…

Abstract. Wetlands are major contributors to global methane emissions. However, their budget and temporal variability remain subject to large uncertainties. This study develops th…

Abstract. Earth system models have considerably increased their spatial resolution to solve more complex problems and achieve more realistic solutions. However, this generates an …

Abstract. Air quality modeling for research and regulatory applications often involves executing many emissions sensitivity cases to quantify impacts of hypothetical scenarios, es…

Abstract. The third version of the Regional Atmosphere and Land (RAL3) science configuration is documented. Developed through international partnerships, RAL configurations define…

Abstract. We evaluated five stacking-based meta-models – Multiple Linear Regression, Random Forest, XGBoost, and also Random Forest and XGBoost with environmental covariates (RF+ …

Abstract. Hourly NOx concentrations were simulated for the city of Zürich, Switzerland, at 10 m resolution for the years 2013–2014. The simulations were generated with the nested …

Abstract. Accurately modelling radiation interactions within canopy layers and soil backgrounds is crucial for biophysical variables retrieval across regional or global scales. Ho…

Abstract. This paper provides the first description of the open-source Glacier Energy and Mass Balance model. GEMB models the ice sheet and glacier surface–atmospheric energy and …

Abstract. Many Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) models have exhibited a substantial cold bias in the global mean surface temperature (GMST) in the latter part…