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Abstract. An objective approach is presented for scoring coupled climate simulations through an evaluation against satellite and reanalysis datasets during the satellite era (i.e.…

Abstract. This paper introduces the Landslide Susceptibility Assessment Tools – Project Manager Suite (LSAT PM), an open-source, easy-to-use software written in Python. Primarily …

Abstract. The PartMC-MOSAIC particle-resolved aerosol model was previously developed to predict the aerosol mixing state as it evolves in the atmosphere. However, the modeling fra…

Abstract. The formation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) associated with lightning activities (hereinafter designated as LNOx) is a major source of NOx. In fact, it is regarded as the dom…

Abstract. Due to the potential for land-use–land-cover change (LULCC) to alter surface albedo, there is need within the LULCC science community for simple and transparent tools fo…

Abstract. Strongly coupled nonlinear phenomena such as those described by Earth system models (ESMs) are composed of multiple component models with independent mesh topologies and…

Abstract. We introduce a time-dependent, one-dimensional model of early diagenesis that we term RADI, an acronym accounting for the main processes included in the model: chemical …

Abstract. Machine learning is frequently used in environmental and earth sciences to produce spatial or spatio-temporal predictions of environmental variables based on limited fie…

Abstract. To accurately estimate past terrestrial carbon pools is the key to understanding the global carbon cycle and its relationship with the climate system. SoilGen2 is a usef…

Abstract. Global circulation models (GCMs) are the best tool to understand climate change, as they attempt to represent all the important Earth system processes, including anthrop…

Abstract. The accuracy of trajectory calculations performed by Lagrangian particle dispersion models (LPDMs) depends on various factors. The optimization of numerical integration …

Abstract. Elevated surface ozone (O3) concentrations can negatively impact growth and development of crop production by reducing photosynthesis and accelerating leaf senescence. U…

Abstract. For the first time, we compare the effects of four different ocean vertical mixing schemes on the mean state of the ocean and atmosphere in the Max Planck Institute Eart…

Abstract. An aerosol-coupled global nonhydrostatic model with a stretched-grid system has been developed. Circulations over the global and target domains are simulated with a sing…

Abstract. Lycopsids represent a distinct lineage of vascular plants with a long evolutionary history including numerous extant and extinct species that started out as tiny herbace…

Abstract. This study provides comparisons of aerosol representation methods incorporated into a regional-scale nonhydrostatic meteorology–chemistry model (NHM-Chem). Three options…

Abstract. Freeze/thaw (F/T) processes can be quite different under the various land surface types found in the complex tundra of the Arctic, such as polygonal tundra (wet center a…

Abstract. Modeling of hydrological runoff is essential for accurately capturing spatiotemporal feedbacks within the land–atmosphere system, particularly in sensitive regions such …

Abstract. Parameterizations in earth system models (ESMs) are subject to biases and uncertainties arising from subjective empirical assumptions and incomplete understanding of the…

Abstract. Satellite remote sensing provides a global view to processes on Earth that has unique benefits compared to making measurements on the ground, such as global coverage and…

Abstract. The interactions between the terrestrial biosphere, atmospheric chemistry, and climate involve complex feedbacks that have traditionally been modeled separately. We pres…

Abstract. Radiocarbon is an important tracer of the global carbon cycle that helps to understand carbon dynamics in soils. It is useful to estimate rates of organic matter cycling…

Abstract. Urban pedestrian-level air quality is a result of an interplay between turbulent dispersion conditions, background concentrations, and heterogeneous local emissions of a…

Abstract. As global and regional vegetation diversity loss threatens essential ecosystem services under climate change, monitoring biodiversity dynamics and its role in ecosystem …

Abstract. Regional reanalyses provide a dynamically consistent recreation of past weather observations at scales useful for local-scale environmental applications. The development…

Abstract. In the context of changing climate and increasing water demand, large-scale hydrological models are helpful for understanding and projecting future water resources acros…

Abstract. In the past 50 years, a large variety of statistically based models and methods for landslide susceptibility mapping and zonation have been proposed in the literature. T…

Abstract. We describe the theoretical basis, implementation, and validation of a new parametrisation that accounts for the effect of large offshore wind farms on the atmosphere an…

Abstract. Irrigation is a widely used water management practice that is often poorly parameterized in land surface and climate models. Previous studies have addressed this issue v…

Abstract. We implemented the Community Aerosol and Radiation Model for Atmospheres (CARMA) in both the high- and low-top model versions of the Community Earth System Model Version…

Abstract. We describe Global Atmosphere 7.0 and Global Land 7.0 (GA7.0/GL7.0), the latest science configurations of the Met Office Unified Model (UM) and the Joint UK Land Environ…

Abstract. Understanding the cooling service provided by vegetation in cities is important to inform urban policy and planning. However, the performance of decision-support tools e…

Abstract. Data assimilation (DA) of time-variable satellite gravity observations, such as those from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO…

Abstract. A modification of the widely used SPPT (Stochastically Perturbed Parametrisation Tendencies) scheme is proposed and tested in a Convection-permitting – Limited Area Ense…

Abstract. The Alqueva reservoir (southeast of Portugal) is the largest artificial lake in western Europe and a strategic freshwater supply in the region. The reservoir is of scien…

Abstract. A method to reconstruct missing data in sea surface temperature data using a neural network is presented. Satellite observations working in the optical and infrared band…

Abstract. The Arctic regional coupled sea-ice–ocean–atmosphere model (ArcIOAM) has been developed to provide reliable Arctic sea ice prediction on seasonal timescales. The descrip…

Abstract. The physical processes of heat conduction, liquid water percolation, and phase changes govern the transfer of mass and energy in snow. They are therefore at the heart of…

Abstract. In recent years, the growing number of available climate models and future scenarios has led to emergent constraints becoming a popular tool to constrain uncertain futur…

Abstract. We have implemented and evaluated a secondary organic aerosol scheme within the chemistry transport model TM5-MP in this work. In earlier versions of TM5-MP the secondar…

Abstract. A tool for multidimensional variational analysis (divand) is presented. It allows the interpolation and analysis of observations on curvilinear orthogonal grids in an ar…

Abstract. Determining the source location and release rate are critical tasks when assessing the environmental consequences of atmospheric radionuclide releases, but they remain c…

Abstract. In this paper we propose a probabilistic framework for an uncertainty quantification (UQ) study of a carbon cycle model and focus on the comparison between steady-state …

Abstract. The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model has been a vital tool for air quality research and management at the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US …

Abstract. Natural disasters caused by heavy rainfall often cause huge loss of life and property. Hence, the task of precipitation nowcasting is of great importance. To solve this …

Abstract. Global studies of climate change impacts that use future climate model projections also require projections of land surface changes. Simulated land surface performance i…

Abstract. Computer models are ubiquitous tools used to represent systems across many scientific and engineering domains. For any given system, many computer models exist, each bui…

Abstract. The sea level over the tropical Pacific is a key indicator reflecting vertically integrated heat distribution over the ocean. Here, we use the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics…

Abstract. The early Eocene (56 to 48 million years ago) is inferred to have been the most recent time that Earth's atmospheric CO2 concentrations exceeded 1000 ppm. Global mean te…