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Showing 2451 to 2500 of 7523 works
MOPS-1.0: towards a model for the regulation of the global oceanic nitrogen budget by marine biogeochemical processes
Abstract. Global models of the oceanic nitrogen cycle are subject to many uncertainties regarding the representation of the relevant biogeochemical processes and of the feedbacks …
A global coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian model and 1 × 1 km CO <sub>2</sub> surface…
Abstract. We designed a method to simulate atmospheric CO2 concentrations at several continuous observation sites around the globe using surface fluxes at a very high spatial reso…
Modelling methane emissions from natural wetlands by development and application of the TRIPLEX-GHG model
Abstract. A new process-based model TRIPLEX-GHG was developed based on the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS), coupled with a new methane (CH4) biogeochemistry module (incorpor…
Current status of the ability of the GEMS/MACC models to reproduce the tropospheric CO vertical distribution as measure…
Abstract. Vertical profiles of CO taken from the MOZAIC aircraft database are used to globally evaluate the performance of the GEMS/MACC models, including the ECMWF-Integrated For…
The multi-scale aerosol-climate model PNNL-MMF: model description and evaluation
Abstract. Anthropogenic aerosol effects on climate produce one of the largest uncertainties in estimates of radiative forcing of past and future climate change. Much of this uncer…
CHIMERE 2013: a model for regional atmospheric composition modelling
Abstract. Tropospheric trace gas and aerosol pollutants have adverse effects on health, environment and climate. In order to quantify and mitigate such effects, a wide range of pr…
Use of genetic algorithms for ocean model parameter optimisation: a case study using PISCES-v2_RC for North Atlantic pa…
Abstract. When working with Earth system models, a considerable challenge that arises is the need to establish the set of parameter values that ensure the optimal model performanc…
HIDRA3: a deep-learning model for multipoint ensemble sea level forecasting in the presence of tide gauge sensor failur…
Abstract. Accurate modeling of sea level and storm surge dynamics with several days of temporal horizons is essential for effective coastal flood responses and the protection of c…
Improved methodologies for Earth system modelling of atmospheric soluble iron and observation comparisons using the Mec…
Abstract. Herein, we present a description of the Mechanism of Intermediate complexity for Modelling Iron (MIMI v1.0). This iron processing module was developed for use within Ear…
SIMO v1.0: simplified model of the vertical temperature profile in a small, warm, monomictic lake
Abstract. A simple 1-D energy budget model (SIMO) for the prediction of the vertical temperature profiles in small, monomictic lakes forced by a reduced number of input meteorolog…
rpe v5: an emulator for reduced floating-point precision in large numerical simulations
Abstract. This paper describes the rpe (reduced-precision emulator) library which has the capability to emulate the use of arbitrary reduced floating-point precision within large …
Object-based analysis of simulated thunderstorms in Switzerland: application and validation of automated thunderstorm t…
Abstract. We present a feasibility study for an object-based method to characterise thunderstorm properties in simulation data from convection-permitting weather models. An existi…
Optimality-based non-Redfield plankton–ecosystem model (OPEM v1.1) in UVic-ESCM 2.9 – Part 1: Implementation and model…
Abstract. Uncertainties in projections of marine biogeochemistry from Earth system models (ESMs) are associated to a large degree with the imperfect representation of the marine p…
On the analytic approximation of bulk collision rates of non-spherical hydrometeors
Abstract. Analytic approximations of the binary collision rates of hydrometeors are derived for use in bulk microphysical parameterizations. Special attention is given to non-sphe…
COSMO-BEP-Tree v1.0: a coupled urban climate model with explicit representation of street trees
Abstract. Street trees are more and more regarded as an effective measure to reduce excessive heat in urban areas. However, the vast majority of mesoscale urban climate models do …
On the numerical stability of surface–atmosphere coupling in weather and climate models
Abstract. Coupling the atmosphere with the underlying surface presents numerical stability challenges in cost-effective model integrations used for operational weather prediction …
Adding sea ice effects to a global operational model (NEMO v3.6) for forecasting total water level: approach and impact
Abstract. In operational flood forecast systems, the effect of sea ice is typically neglected or parameterized solely in terms of ice concentration. In this study, an efficient wa…
Representation of the phosphorus cycle in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (vn5.5_JULES-CNP)
Abstract. Most land surface models (LSMs), i.e. the land components of Earth system models (ESMs), include representation of nitrogen (N) limitation on ecosystem productivity. How…
DustNet (v1): skilful neural network predictions of dust aerosols over the Saharan desert
Abstract. Suspended in the atmosphere are millions of tonnes of mineral dust that interact with weather and climate. Accurate representation of mineral dust in weather models is v…
Advanced modeling of gas chemistry and aerosol dynamics with SSH-aerosol v2.0
Abstract. SSH-aerosol is developed to represent the evolution of primary and secondary pollutants in the atmosphere by processes linked to gas-phase chemistry, aerosol dynamics (c…
Multi-generational oxidation model to simulate secondary organic aerosol in a 3-D air quality model
Abstract. Multi-generational gas-phase oxidation of organic vapors can influence the abundance, composition and properties of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Only recently have S…
<sup>231</sup> Pa and <sup>230</sup> Th in the ocean model …
Abstract. The sediment 231Pa ∕ 230Th activity ratio is emerging as an important proxy for deep ocean circulation in the past. In order to allow for a direct model–data comparison …
The design, deployment, and testing of kriging models in GEOframe with SIK-0.9.8
Abstract. This work presents a software package for the interpolation of climatological variables, such as temperature and precipitation, using kriging techniques. The purposes of…
Understanding AMOC stability: the North Atlantic Hosing Model Intercomparison Project
Abstract. The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is an important part of our climate system. The AMOC is predicted to weaken under climate change; however, theorie…
Development and performance of a high-resolution surface wave and storm surge forecast model: application to a large la…
Abstract. A real-time forecast model of surface hydrodynamics in Lake Ontario (Coastlines-LO) was developed to automatically predict storm surges and surface waves. The system use…
Impact of increased resolution on long-standing biases in HighResMIP-PRIMAVERA climate models
Abstract. We examine the influence of increased resolution on four long-standing biases using five different climate models developed within the PRIMAVERA project. The biases are …
PyFLEXTRKR: a flexible feature tracking Python software for convective cloud analysis
Abstract. This paper describes the new open-source framework PyFLEXTRKR (Python FLEXible object TRacKeR), a flexible atmospheric feature tracking software package with specific ca…
ACCESS-OM2 v1.0: a global ocean–sea ice model at three resolutions
Abstract. We introduce ACCESS-OM2, a new version of the ocean–sea ice model of the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator. ACCESS-OM2 is driven by a prescribed at…
In silico calculation of soil pH by SCEPTER v1.0
Abstract. One of the soil properties most commonly measured to describe agronomic and biogeochemical conditions of soils is soil pH. Soil pH measures the concentration of exchange…
OMIP contribution to CMIP6: experimental and diagnostic protocol for the physical component of the Ocean Model Inter…
Abstract. The Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (OMIP) is an endorsed project in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). OMIP addresses CMIP6 science question…
nextGEMS: entering the era of kilometer-scale Earth system modeling
Abstract. The Next Generation of Earth Modeling Systems (nextGEMS) project aimed to produce multidecadal climate simulations, for the first time, with resolved kilometer-scale (km…
GOSI9: UK Global Ocean and Sea Ice configurations
Abstract. The UK Global Ocean and Sea Ice configuration version 9 (GOSI9) is a new traceable hierarchy of three model configurations at 1, 1/4 and 1/12° based on version 4.0.4 of …
The detailed snowpack scheme Crocus and its implementation in SURFEX v7.2
Abstract. Detailed studies of snow cover processes require models that offer a fine description of the snow cover properties. The detailed snowpack model Crocus is such a scheme, …
Huge ensembles – Part 1: Design of ensemble weather forecasts using spherical Fourier neural operators
Abstract. Simulating low-likelihood high-impact extreme weather events in a warming world is a significant and challenging task for current ensemble forecasting systems. While the…
ICON-HAM-lite 1.0: simulating the Earth system with interactive aerosols at kilometer scales
Abstract. Aerosols strongly influence Earth's climate as they scatter and absorb radiation and serve as nuclei for cloud droplets and ice crystals. New Earth system models that ru…
SCOPE 2.0: a model to simulate vegetated land surface fluxes and satellite signals
Abstract. The Soil Canopy Observation of Photosynthesis and Energy fluxes (SCOPE) model aims at linking satellite observations in the visible, infrared, and thermal domains with l…
COSMO-CLM regional climate simulations in the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) framework: a…
Abstract. In the last decade, the Climate Limited-area Modeling Community (CLM-Community) has contributed to the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) with …
A comprehensive Earth system model (AWI-ESM2.1) with interactive icebergs: effects on surface and deep-ocean character…
Abstract. The explicit representation of cryospheric components in Earth system models has become more and more important over the last years. However, there are few advanced coup…
RainNet v1.0: a convolutional neural network for radar-based precipitation nowcasting
Abstract. In this study, we present RainNet, a deep convolutional neural network for radar-based precipitation nowcasting. Its design was inspired by the U-Net and SegNet families…
On the increased climate sensitivity in the EC-Earth model from CMIP5 to CMIP6
Abstract. Many modelling groups that contribute to CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6) have found a larger equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) with their lates…
Low sensitivity of three terrestrial biosphere models to soil texture over the South American tropics
Abstract. Drought stress is an increasing threat for vegetation in tropical regions, within the context of human-induced increase of drought frequency and severity observed over S…
Limitations of WRF land surface models for simulating land use and land cover change in Sub-Saharan Africa and developm…
Abstract. Land use and land cover change (LULCC) impacts local and regional climates through various biogeophysical processes. Accurate representation of land surface parameters i…
Description and evaluation of the process-based forest model 4C v2.2 at four European forest sites
Abstract. The process-based model 4C (FORESEE) has been developed over the past 20 years to study climate impacts on forests and is now freely available as an open-source tool. Th…
Physically regularized machine learning emulators of aerosol activation
Abstract. The activation of aerosol into cloud droplets is an important step in the formation of clouds and strongly influences the radiative budget of the Earth. Explicitly simul…
Application and evaluation of a new radiation code under McICA scheme in BCC_AGCM2.0.1
Abstract. This research incorporates the correlated k distribution BCC-RAD radiation model into the climate model BCC_AGCM2.0.1 and examines the change in climate simulation by im…
A simplified non-linear chemistry transport model for analyzing NO <sub>2</sub> …
Abstract. Satellites monitoring air pollutants (e.g., nitrogen oxides; NOx = NO + NO2) or greenhouse gases (GHGs) are widely utilized to understand the spatiotemporal variability …
The utility of simulated ocean chlorophyll observations: a case study with the Chlorophyll Observation Simulator Packag…
Abstract. For several decades, a suite of satellite sensors has enabled us to study the global spatiotemporal distribution of phytoplankton through remote sensing of chlorophyll. …
Evaluating a lightning parameterization based on cloud-top height for mesoscale numerical model simulations
Abstract. The Price and Rind lightning parameterization based on cloud-top height is a commonly used method for predicting flash rate in global chemistry models. As mesoscale simu…
The Ensemble Framework For Flash Flood Forecasting (EF5) v1.2: description and case study
Abstract. The Ensemble Framework For Flash Flood Forecasting (EF5) was developed specifically for improving hydrologic predictions to aid in the issuance of flash flood warnings b…
High-precision 1′ × 1′ bathymetric model of Philippine Sea inversed from marine gravity anomalies
Abstract. The Philippine Sea, located at the edge of the northwestern Pacific Ocean, possesses complex seabed topography. Developing a high-precision bathymetric model for this re…
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