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Abstract. Statistical bias adjustment is commonly applied to climate models before using their results in impact studies. However, different methods based on a distributional mapp…

Abstract. Given the multiple abiotic and biotic stressors resulting from global changes, management systems and practices must be adapted in order to maintain and reinforce the re…

Abstract. Airborne microplastics are a recently identified atmospheric aerosol species with potential air quality and climate impacts, yet they are not currently represented in gl…

Abstract. Sea ice is an important component of the global climate system. The presence of a snowpack covering sea ice can strongly modify the thermodynamic behavior of the sea ice…

Abstract. The quality of the global hydrological simulations performed by land surface models (LSMs) strongly depends on processes that occur at unresolved spatial scales. Approac…

Abstract. Large volcanic eruptions can have significant impacts on climate. Due to their unpredictable nature, when a major volcanic eruption occurs, decadal forecasts issued prio…

Abstract. The parameterised description of subgrid-scale processes in the clear and cloudy boundary layer has a strong impact on the performance skill in any numerical weather pre…

Abstract. A realistic flood risk assessment is important for rivers where the flood protection infrastructures are dictated by varying return periods. For rivers in Japan, design …

Abstract. In mountain areas, the use of coarse-grid reanalysis data for driving fine-scale models requires downscaling of near-surface (e.g., 2 m high) air temperature. Existing a…

Abstract. The number of wind farms and amount of wind power production in Europe, both on- and offshore, have increased rapidly in the past years. To ensure grid stability and on-…

Abstract. An increasing number of Southern Ocean models now include Antarctic ice-shelf cavities, and simulate thermodynamics at the ice-shelf/ocean interface. This adds another l…

Abstract. This paper presents the “tran-SAS” package, which includes a set of codes to model solute transport and water residence times through a hydrological system. The model is…

Abstract. The primary objective of CFMIP is to inform future assessments of cloud feedbacks through improved understanding of cloud–climate feedback mechanisms and better evaluati…

Abstract. To compare the impact of surface–atmosphere exchanges from rural and urban areas, fully vegetated areas (e.g. deciduous trees, evergreen trees and grass) commonly found …

Abstract. FAMOUS is an ocean-atmosphere general circulation model of low resolution, capable of simulating approximately 120 years of model climate per wallclock day using current…

Abstract. The approaches taken to describe and develop spatial discretisations of the domains required for geophysical simulation models are commonly ad hoc, model- or application…

Abstract. This paper describes the experimental design and model results of the climate simulations of the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (mPWP, ca. 3.3–3 Ma) using the Institut Pierre …

Abstract. We extend the ecological component (ECOGEM) of the carbon-centric Grid-Enabled Integrated Earth system model (cGEnIE) to include a diatom functional group. ECOGEM repres…

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) is a primary and inert pollutant often used as a traffic tracer. Even though its concentrations are generally low at the regional scale, BC presents ve…

Abstract. The soil–plant–atmosphere continuum (SPAC) system is a complex and interconnected network of physical phenomena, encompassing heat transfer, evapotranspiration, precipit…

Abstract. The General Ocean Turbulence Model (GOTM) is a one-dimensional water column model, including a set of state-of-the-art turbulence closure models, and has widely been use…

Abstract. Ocean surface waves play an important role in maintaining the marginal ice zone, a heterogenous region occupied by sea ice floes with variable horizontal sizes. The loca…

Abstract. A substantial part of Arctic climate predictability at interannual timescales stems from the knowledge of the initial sea ice conditions. Among all sea ice properties, i…

Abstract. Leaky wooden dams (LDs) are woody structures installed in headwater streams that aim to reduce downstream flood risk through increasing in-channel roughness and decreasi…

Abstract. Recently, several Lagrangian microphysical models have been developed which use a large number of (computational) particles to represent a cloud. In particular, the coll…

Abstract. This study evaluates sea ice simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) using modern-era satellite measurements of sea ice area, total fr…

Abstract. Numerical simulations of ocean surface waves along the Australian coast are performed with the spectral wave model WAVEWATCH III (WW3) and the state-of-the-art physics a…

Abstract. We present BrAHMs (BAsal Hydrology Model): a physically based basal hydrology model which represents water flow using Darcian flow in the distributed drainage regime and…

Abstract. Optimisation methods were successfully used to calibrate parameters in an atmospheric component of a climate model using two variants of the Gauss–Newton line-search alg…

Abstract. The Jülich Aqueous-phase Mechanism of Organic Chemistry (JAMOC) is developed and implemented in the Module Efficiently Calculating the Chemistry of the Atmosphere (MECCA…

Abstract. Groundwater contamination by heavy metals is a critical environmental problem for which in situ remediation is frequently the only viable treatment option. For such inte…

Abstract. We test the reliability of two neural network interpretation techniques, backward optimization and layerwise relevance propagation, within geoscientific applications by …

Abstract. This study presents the development and sensitivity analysis of the sea level operator within the OceanVar software which implements an oceanographic incremental three-d…

Abstract. Earth system models (ESMs) are becoming increasingly complex, requiring extensive knowledge and experience to deploy and use in an efficient manner. They run on high-per…

Abstract. The paper presents a simplification of the Kalman smoother that can be run as a post-processing step using only minimal stored information from a Kalman filter analysis,…

Abstract. Atmospheric fronts are a widely used conceptual model in meteorology, most encountered as two-dimensional (2-D) front lines on surface analysis charts. The three-dimensi…

Abstract. Precipitation over East Asia in six Met Office Unified Model (MetUM) simulations is compared with observation and ERA-Interim reanalysis. These simulations include three…

Abstract. Terrestrial sources of carbon and nutrients drive biogeochemical cycles in coastal regions and in the global ocean. Quantifying their impact on the spatiotemporal variab…

Abstract. Multiple observation data sets – Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network data, the Automated Smoke Detection and Tracking Algorithm (AS…

Abstract. Magmatic dykes play an important role in the thermomechanics of tectonic rifting of the lithosphere. Our understanding of this role is limited by the lack of models that…

Abstract. Geoscientific modeling is constantly evolving, with next-generation geoscientific models and applications placing large demands on high-performance computing (HPC) resou…

Abstract. A considerable amount of literature has been published on the magnetic modelling of uniformly magnetized ellipsoids since the second half of the nineteenth century. Elli…

Abstract. High-resolution models are essential for simulating small-scale processes and topographical features, which play a crucial role in understanding meteorological and ocean…

Abstract. We propose a new ice sheet model validation framework – the Cryospheric Model Comparison Tool (CmCt) – that takes advantage of ice sheet altimetry and gravimetry observa…

Abstract. Process-based crop models combined with land surface models are useful tools for accurately quantifying the impacts of climate change on crops while considering the inte…

Abstract. The NetCDF (Network Common Data Form) library has become an indispensable tool for data and model output management in geoscience. However for simple tasks, particularly…

Abstract. In the Community Earth System Model (CESM), the ocean model is computationally expensive for high-resolution grids and is often the least scalable component for high-res…

Abstract. In ice sheet modelling, the shallow-ice approximation (SIA) and second-order shallow-ice approximation (SOSIA) schemes are approaches to approximate the solution of the …

Abstract. A unique conceptual model describing the conductive heating of rocks in the thick unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada by a silicic pluton emplaced several kilomet…

Abstract. Atmospheric chemistry plays a key role in determining the amounts and distributions of oxidants and gaseous precursors that control the formation of secondary gaseous an…