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Abstract. This study presents the High Order Prediction Environment (HOPE), an automatically differentiable, non-oscillatory finite-volume dynamical core for shallow water equatio…

Abstract. One of the fundamental factors contributing to the spatiotemporal inaccuracy in climate modeling is the mapping of solution field data between different discretizations …

Abstract. The Community Earth System Model Ensemble Consistency Test (CESM-ECT) suite was developed as an alternative to requiring bitwise identical output for quality assurance. …

Abstract. We present a new global Chemical Transport Model (CTM) with full stratospheric chemistry and Lagrangian transport and mixing called ATLAS (Alfred Wegener InsTitute LAgra…

Abstract. A representation of the terrestrial nitrogen cycle is introduced into the UVic Earth System Climate Model (UVic ESCM). The UVic ESCM now contains five terrestrial carbon…

Abstract. Satellite observations of sea surface temperature (SST) are essential for accurate weather forecasting and climate modeling. However, these data often suffer from incomp…

Abstract. The flux of CO2 from the soil to the atmosphere (soil respiration, Rsoil) is a major component of the global carbon (C) cycle. Methods to measure and model Rsoil, or par…

Abstract. This paper investigates the accuracy of a solid–fluid model using the smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) software DualSPHysics v5.2 coupled with ProjectChrono for vis…

Abstract. The open-source modeling framework MAgPIE (Model of Agricultural Production and its Impact on the Environment) combines economic and biophysical approaches to simulate s…

Abstract. The ocean mixed layer is the interface between the ocean interior and the atmosphere or sea ice and plays a key role in climate variability. It is thus critical that num…

Abstract. The terrestrial biosphere and atmospheric chemistry interact through multiple feedbacks, but the models of vegetation and chemistry are developed separately. In this stu…

Abstract. The Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) is a set of algorithms dedicated to the estimation of terrestrial evaporation and root-zone soil moisture from satell…

Abstract. The increasing amount of data in meteorological science requires effective data-reduction methods. Our study demonstrates the use of advanced scientific lossy compressio…

Abstract. Using the regional climate model ALARO-0, the Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium and Ghent University have performed two simulations of the past observed climate …

Abstract. Simulations of land-surface processes and phenomena often require driving time series of meteorological variables. Corresponding observations, however, are unavailable i…

Abstract. The value of stable water isotopes in constraining process representation in hydrological models is well acknowledged with numerous tracer-aided hydrological models deve…

Abstract. The inaccuracy of anthropogenic emission inventories on a high-resolution scale due to insufficient basic data is one of the major reasons for the deviation between air …

Abstract. The Arctic sea ice suffers dramatic retreat in summer and fall, which has far-reaching consequences for the global climate and commercial activities. Accurate seasonal s…

Abstract. The terrestrial biosphere is exposed to land-use and climate change, which not only affects vegetation dynamics but also changes land–atmosphere feedbacks. Specifically,…

Abstract. We introduce FACA – Fully Automated Co-Alignment, an open-source software program designed to fully automate the workflow for co-aligning point clouds derived from unocc…

Abstract. Accurate flood risk assessments and early warning systems are needed to protect and prepare people in coastal areas from storms. In order to provide this information eff…

Abstract. The Bureau of Meteorology Atmospheric high-resolution Regional Reanalysis for Australia (BARRA) is the first atmospheric regional reanalysis over a large region covering…

Abstract. The Ecosystem Demography model version 2.2 (ED-2.2) is a terrestrial biosphere model that simulates the biophysical, ecological, and biogeochemical dynamics of verticall…

Abstract. We introduce MPAS-Albany Land Ice (MALI) v6.0, a new variable-resolution land ice model that uses unstructured Voronoi grids on a plane or sphere. MALI is built using th…

Abstract. In this paper we define RAL2 – the second Regional Atmosphere and Land (RAL) science configuration for regional modelling. RAL2 uses the Unified Model (UM) as the basis …

Abstract. This paper presents a method for feature tracking of fields of shallow cumulus convection in large eddy simulations (LES) by connecting the projected cloud cover in spac…

Abstract. Barrier islands are low-lying coastal landforms vulnerable to inundation and erosion by sea level rise. Despite their socioeconomic and ecological importance, their futu…

Abstract. Modes of climate variability strongly impact our climate and thus human society. Nevertheless, the statistical properties of these modes remain poorly known due to the s…

Abstract. Out of 1150 Mha (million hectares) of forest designated primarily for production purposes in 2020, plantations accounted for 11 % (131 Mha) of this area and fulfilled mo…

Abstract. The NEMS GFS Aerosol Component Version 2.0 (NGACv2) for global multispecies aerosol forecast has been developed at the National Centers of Environment Prediction (NCEP) …

Abstract. Elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) can increase plant growth, but the magnitude of this CO2 fertilization effect is modified by soil nutrient availability. Predicting how nut…

Abstract. We examine the impact of horizontal resolution and model time step on the climate of the OpenIFS version 43r3 atmospheric general circulation model. A series of simulati…

Abstract. Model evaluation and verification are key in improving the usage and applicability of simulation models for real-world applications. In this article, the development and…

Abstract. Atmospheric pollution has many profound effects on human health, ecosystems, and the climate. Of concern are high concentrations and deposition of reactive nitrogen (Nr)…

Abstract. A historic rainstorm occurred over Henan, China, in July 2021 (“7.20” extreme precipitation event), resulting in significant human casualties and socioeconomic losses. A…

Abstract. The accuracy of tropospheric delay correction heavily depends on the quality of the tropospheric model, and the zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) is an important factor af…

Abstract. Mineral dust aerosols are composed of a complex assemblage of various minerals depending on the region in which they originated. Given the different mineral composition …

Abstract. Irrigated cultivation exerts a significant influence on the local climate and the hydrological cycle. The North China Plain (NCP) is known for its intricate agricultural…

Abstract. The Community Atmosphere Model (CAM), version 5, is now coupled to extensive tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry, called CAM5-chem, and is available in addition to …

Abstract. Recent advances in the representation of soil carbon decomposition and carbon–nitrogen interactions implemented previously into separate versions of the land surface sch…

Abstract. The carbon cycle is a major forcing component in the global climate system. Modelling studies, aiming to explain recent and past climatic changes and to project future o…

Abstract. The world's largest ice shelves are found in the Antarctic Weddell Sea and Ross Sea where complex interactions between the atmosphere, sea ice, ice shelves and ocean tra…

Abstract. Widespread thermal degradation in permafrost regions is accelerating the development of retrogressive thaw slumps (RTS), severely threatening ecological stability and cr…

Abstract. Groundwater plays a vital role in terrestrial water and energy cycles. Yet, it remains oversimplified in most Earth system models (ESMs), limiting their ability to repre…

Abstract. Six climate simulations of the Met Office Unified Model Global Atmosphere 6.0 and Global Coupled 2.0 configurations are evaluated against observations and reanalysis dat…

Abstract. A better understanding of the role of sea ice for the changing climate of our planet is the central aim of the diagnostic Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6)…

Abstract. Coupled ice sheet–ocean models capable of simulating moving grounding lines are just becoming available. Such models have a broad range of potential applications in stud…

Abstract. Model evaluation is often performed at few locations due to the lack of spatially distributed data. Since the quantification of model sensitivities and uncertainties can…

Abstract. The quantitative integration of geophysical measurements with data and information from other disciplines is becoming increasingly important in answering the challenges …

Abstract. Wildfires influence not only ecosystems but also carbon and water fluxes on Earth. Yet, the fire processes including the occurrence and consequences of fires are still l…