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Abstract. The OpenSky Network is a non-profit association that crowdsources the global collection of live air traffic control data broadcast by aircraft and makes them available t…

Abstract. Solar ultraviolet radiation (UV) plays a fundamental role in the Earth's energy balance, influencing a wide range of processes, including material degradation, biophysic…

Abstract. Wildfire regimes of the western United States (US) have changed dramatically since the 1980s but our understanding of the causes and effects of these changes is limited …

Abstract. Accurate cropland mapping is essential for understanding agricultural dynamics in Africa and critical for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) such as Zero Hun…

Abstract. This paper describes the new global long-term International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) H-series climate data record (CDR). The H-series data contain a s…

Abstract. The mass of the Greenland ice sheet is declining as mass gain from snow accumulation is exceeded by mass loss from surface meltwater runoff, marine-terminating glacier c…

Abstract. As part of the EUREC4A (Elucidating the role of cloud–circulation coupling in climate) field campaign, the German research aircraft HALO (High Altitude and Long Range Re…

Abstract. This paper presents the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Estuary Dataset (GOSLED), a quality-controlled compilation of biogeochemical observations collected during 21 research c…

Abstract. Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane (CH4) emissions globally. Northern wetlands (>45° N), accounting for 42 % of global wetland area, are increasingly vul…

Abstract. The ocean plays an important role in modulating the mass balance of the polar ice sheets by interacting with the ice shelves in Antarctica and with the marine-terminatin…

Abstract. As the largest river basin of the Tibetan Plateau, the upper Brahmaputra River basin (also called “Yarlung Zangbo” in Chinese) has profound impacts on the water security…

Abstract. Floodplains are a vital part of the global riverine system. Among all the global floodplain delineation strategies empowered by remote sensing, digital elevation model (…

Abstract. Bed-material sediment particle size data, particularly the median sediment particle size (D50), are critical for understanding and modeling riverine sediment transport. …

Abstract. A spatially explicit cropland distribution time-series dataset is the basis for the accurate assessment of biogeochemical processes in terrestrial ecosystems and their f…

Abstract. The European Space Agency SnowSAR instrument is a side-looking, dual-polarised (VV/VH), X/Ku band synthetic aperture radar (SAR), operable from various sizes of aircraft…

Abstract. The spatio-temporal variation of surface water storage (SWS) in the Congo River basin (CRB), the second-largest watershed in the world, remains widely unknown. In this s…

Abstract. A field campaign was carried out at a sheltered sandy beach with the aim of gaining new insights into the driving processes behind sheltered beach morphodynamics. Detail…

Abstract. Coccolithophores are calcifying marine phytoplankton of the class Prymnesiophyceae. They are considered to play an import role in the global carbon cycle through the pro…

Abstract. The COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON) uses low-resolution, portable EM27/SUN Fourier transform spectrometers (FTSs) to make retrievals of column-ave…

Abstract. Texture is a fundamental soil property for multiple applications in environmental and earth sciences. Knowing its spatial distribution allows a better understanding of t…

Abstract. The Atlantic Tradewind Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Interaction Campaign (ATOMIC) took place from 7 January to 11 July 2020 in the tropical North Atlantic between the east…

Abstract. Accurately quantifying the impact of soil water availability on evapotranspiration (ET) is crucial for improving ET retrieval accuracy. However, most global satellite-de…

Abstract. We present a merged database of five curated databases (DoD2k version 2.0.0) developed for Common Era (1–2000 A.D.) paleoclimate research. A toolkit to create the databa…

Abstract. Soil micronutrient supply sustains critical ecological functions but exhibit poorly quantified distribution patterns in high-altitude ecosystems. This study bridges this…

Abstract. Satellite altimetry has revolutionized our understanding of ocean physics by providing global sea-surface height data. These measurements reveal the intricate dynamics o…

Abstract. The Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is losing mass at an accelerating rate in response to climate change. Its geometry responds to these changes over annual to decadal timesc…

Abstract. Strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) at the Earth's surface offer powerful tools for geological, environmental, and archaeological applications. In minerals and biologic…

Abstract. Remote sensing of litter is foreseen to become an important source of additional information relevant to scientific awareness about plastic pollution. Here, we document …

Abstract. The soil organic carbon pool is a crucial component of carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems, playing a key role in regulating the carbon cycle and mitigating atmosph…

Abstract. The uptake of anthropogenic CO2 by the oceans has led to a rise in the oceanic partial pressure of CO2, and to a decrease in pH and carbonate ion concentration. This mod…

Abstract. The capability of monitoring and prediction in the marine environment provides information that may allow sustainable development of coastal and offshore regions. Theref…

Abstract. The GIK-Archive of radiographs is a collection of X-ray negative and photographic images of sediment cores based on exposures taken since the early 1960s. During four de…

Abstract. While the dynamics of narrow fjords, i.e. narrow with respect to their internal Rossby radius, have been widely studied, it is only recently that interest in studying th…

Abstract. Underwater pressure sensors were deployed near-continuously at various locations of the nearshore (8–23 m depth) Hornsund fjord, Svalbard, between July 2013 and February…

Abstract. The weak-wind stable boundary layer (wwSBL) is poorly described by theory and breaks basic assumptions necessary for observations of turbulence. Understanding the wwSBL …

Abstract. Between 14 and 20 July 2018, small remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPASs) were deployed to the San Luis Valley of Colorado (USA) together with a variety of surface-ba…

Abstract. A phenological data set collected by citizen scientists from 1970 to 2018 in Latvia is presented, comprising almost 47 000 individual observations of eight taxonomical g…

Abstract. The Lena Delta is the largest river delta in the Arctic (about 30 000 km2) and prone to rapid changes due to climate warming, associated cryosphere loss, and ecological …

Abstract. Thermohaline staircases are associated with double-diffusive mixing. They are characterized by stepped structures consisting of mixed layers of typically tens of metres …

Abstract. The basin of Lake Tana is one of the most important watersheds in the Nile Basin. It is of great significance to the economy and politics of Ethiopia. In the past, the n…

Abstract. Quantification of land surface–atmosphere fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) and their trends and uncertainties is essential for monitoring progress of the EU27+UK bloc as i…

Abstract. The rise in demand for soil data and information calls for quick and cost-effective methodologies to quantify soil properties. This is particularly important in the real…

Abstract. Rainfall simulation and overland-flow experiments enhance understanding of surface hydrology and erosion processes, quantify runoff and erosion rates, and provide valuab…

Abstract. Marine heatwaves (MHWs) induce significant impacts on marine ecosystems. There is a growing need for knowledge about extreme climate events to better inform decision-mak…

Abstract. We publish and describe a surface spectral reflectance data record of seasonal snow (dry, wet, shadowed), forest ground (lichen, moss) and forest canopy (spruce and pine…

Abstract. Satellite altimetry is a vital tool for global ocean observation, providing critical insights into ocean gravity and its gradients. Over the past 6 years, satellite data…

Abstract. Our understanding of how rapid Arctic warming and permafrost thaw affect global climate dynamics is restricted by limited spatiotemporal data coverage due to logistical …

Abstract. Precipitation is a critical driver of the water cycle, profoundly influencing water resources, agricultural productivity, and natural disasters. However, existing gridde…

Abstract. Active faults serve as potential sources of destructive earthquakes. Studies and investigations of active faults are necessary for earthquake disaster prevention. This s…

Abstract. Cloud feedbacks associated with deep convective anvils remain highly uncertain. In part, this uncertainty arises from a lack of understanding of how microphysical proces…