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Abstract. Quantitative reconstructions of past land cover are necessary to determine the processes involved in climate–human–land-cover interactions. We present the first temporal…

Abstract. Natural and human-ignited fires affect all major biomes, altering ecosystem structure, biogeochemical cycles and atmospheric composition. Satellite observations provide …

Abstract. Ground-based instruments offer unique capabilities such as detailed atmospheric, thermodynamic, cloud, and aerosol profiling at a high temporal sampling rate. The U.S. D…

Abstract. Field-measured soil respiration (RS, the soil-to-atmosphere CO2 flux) observations were compiled into a global soil respiration database (SRDB) a decade ago, a resource …

Abstract. Forest stand mean height is a critical indicator in forestry, playing a pivotal role in various aspects such as forest inventory, sustainable forest management practices…

Abstract. We examine differences in global and national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions estimates, focusing on the role of varying system boundaries and conceptual approaches in dr…

Abstract. Accurate satellite measurements of the thickness of Antarctic sea ice are urgently needed but pose a particular challenge. The Antarctic data presented here were produce…

Abstract. The United Kingdom Climate Projections 2018 (UKCP18) regional climate model (RCM) 12 km regional perturbed physics ensemble (UKCP18-RCM-PPE) is one of the three strands …

Abstract. Agroecosystem models, regional and global climate models, and numerical weather prediction models require adequate parameterization of soil hydraulic properties. These p…

Abstract. We describe a 25 years (1996–2021) observational dataset of meteorology, turbulent fluxes and net ecosystem exchange collected from the first tower at the Loobos site, t…

Abstract. Carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) are volatile sulfur gases that are naturally formed in seawater and exchanged with the atmosphere. OCS is the most abun…

Abstract. Constructing a highly resolved comprehensive emission dataset for China is challenging due to limited availability of refined information for parameters in a unified bot…

Abstract. Accurate and timely maps of urban underlying land properties at the national scale are of significance in improving habitat environment and achieving sustainable develop…

Abstract. There are very few African regional inventories providing biofuel and fossil fuel emissions. Within the framework of the DACCIWA project, we have developed an African re…

Abstract. Long-term gridded precipitation products are crucial for several applications in hydrology, agriculture and climate sciences. Currently available precipitation products …

Abstract. This paper introduces an experimental setup for retrieving horizontal wind speed and direction profiles with a high temporal and vertical resolution for process studies …

Abstract. Landslides are a frequent natural hazard occurring globally in regions with steep topography. Additionally, landslides play an important role in landscape evolution by t…

Abstract. This paper discusses strategies to improve the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) monthly solutions computed at the Astronomical Institute of the University…

Abstract. Despite supporting roughly 40 % of the world's agricultural output, irrigation canal networks remain a critical data gap in global geospatial archives. Currently, there …

Abstract. High-resolution crop maps over large spatial extents are fundamental to many agricultural applications; however, generating high-quality crop maps consistently across sp…

Abstract. The concept of plant functional types (PFTs) is shown to be beneficial in representing the complexity of plant characteristics in land use and climate change studies usi…

Abstract. The critical fracture toughness is a material parameter describing the resistance of a cracked body to further crack extension. It is an important parameter for simulati…

Abstract. The stable carbon isotope composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13CDIC) in seawater was measured in a batch process for 552 samples collected during two cruises in…

Abstract. In marine ecosystems, most physiological, ecological, or physical processes are size dependent. These include metabolic rates, the uptake of carbon and other nutrients, …

Abstract. The methods used to identify coherent ocean eddies are either Eulerian or Lagrangian in nature, and nearly all existing eddy datasets are based on the Eulerian method. I…

Abstract. Seismic facies classification is crucial for seismic stratigraphic interpretation and hydrocarbon reservoir characterization but remains a tedious and time-consuming tas…

Abstract. We developed a climate data record (CDR) of atmospheric column water vapor (CWV) and sea surface temperature (SST) under oceanic rain-free conditions using over two deca…

Abstract. In situ PM2.5 concentration observations have long been used as critical data sources in haze-related studies. Due to the frequently occurring haze pollution events, Chi…

Abstract. There is broad consensus that wildfire activity is likely to increase in western US forests and woodlands over the next century. Therefore, spatial predictions of the po…

Abstract. Since the accident at the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant in 1986, there have been few studies published on medium and large mammals inhabiting the area from which the hum…

Abstract. Radiocarbon measurements of ecosystem respiration and soil pore space CO2 are useful for determining the sources of ecosystem respiration, identifying environmental cont…

Abstract. The Messinian salinity crisis and its precursor events have been the greatest environmental perturbation of the Mediterranean Sea to date, offering an opportunity to stu…

Abstract. Continuous, semi-long-term, ground-based in situ cloud measurements were conducted during eight Pallas Cloud Experiments (PaCEs) held in autumn between 2004 and 2019. Th…

Abstract. Low clouds continue to contribute greatly to the uncertainty in cloud feedback estimates. Depending on whether a region is dominated by cumulus (Cu) or stratocumulus (Sc…

Abstract. Earth System Science Data (ESSD) provides a wide range of openly accessible, high-quality, well-documented and highly useful data products while ensuring recognition of …

Abstract. The regional research network Water in Central Asia (CAWa) funded by the German Federal Foreign Office consists of 18 remotely operated multi-parameter stations (ROMPSs)…

Abstract. Global warming is expected to be most pronounced in the Arctic where permafrost thaw and release of old carbon may provide an important feedback mechanism to the climate…

Abstract. There is increasing demand for information on predator–prey interactions in the ocean as a result of legislative commitments aimed at achieving sustainable exploitation.…

Abstract. Water column data of carbon and carbon relevant hydrographic and hydrochemical parameters from 188 previously non-publicly available cruises in the Arctic, Atlantic, and…

Abstract. A site atmospheric state best estimate (SASBE) of the temperature profile above the GCOS (Global Climate Observing System) Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN) site at La…

Abstract. From autumn 2021 through summer 2023, scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and partners conducted the Study of Precipitation, the L…

Abstract. The annual surface mass balance records of the Lemon Creek Glacier and Taku Glacier observed by the Juneau Icefield Research Program are the longest continuous glacier a…

Abstract. In May 2018, an unprecedented long and intense seismo-volcanic crisis broke out off the island of Mayotte (Indian Ocean) and was associated with the birth of an underwat…

Abstract. Ice cover of water bodies in the northern high latitudes (NHL) is highly sensitive to the changing climate, and its dynamics exert substantial impacts on the NHL ecosyst…

Abstract. In this paper, we present a database of the basic regimes of the carbon cycle in the ocean, the “ocean carbon states”, as obtained using a data mining/pattern recognitio…

Abstract. The Argentine-German Geodetic Observatory (AGGO) is one of the very few sites in the Southern Hemisphere equipped with comprehensive cutting-edge geodetic instrumentatio…

Abstract. Controlled manipulation of environmental conditions within large enclosures in the ocean, so-called pelagic mesocosms, has become a standard method to explore potential …

Abstract. The Organization of Tropical East Pacific Convection (OTREC) field campaign investigated the dynamical structure of convection in the tropical east Pacific and Caribbean…

Abstract. High-quality satellite-based measurements are crucial to the assessment of global stratospheric composition change. The Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE…

Abstract. We use various geophysical datasets (multibeam and singlebeam echosounder data, sub-bottom profiling Chirp and sonar data and very high-resolution boomer seismic data) a…